An Information Theory Model for Pattern Analysis

1971 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Orloci
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Theory Model

Classification of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare). 1. Historical aspects, and phenetic character analysis of some characters by information theory and by spatial autocorrelation

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2769-2773
Author(s):  
Bernard B. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Character Analysis ◽  
Barley Cultivars

A brief historical sketch of the classification of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars is presented along with reference to key reviews on this subject. Characters, utilized in the comprehensive study on the barley cultivars of North America by Aberg and Wiebe (U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 942), were subjected to a series of phenetic character analyses using an information theory model and a spatial autocorrelation model. The ranking of the 48 characters in order of their importance (for classification and identification purposes) from the character analysis by information theory was compared with the previous rating of characters made by Aberg and Wiebe and was found to differ significantly. Numerous trials of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation using various Minkowski distances, setting various values among three parameters, never yielded results comparable with those obtained by Aberg and Wiebe. Among those trials, a few combinations of values for the three parameters (X, Y, and Z) yielded results comparable with those obtained with character analysis by information theory. Those same combinations of values were found by Estabrook and Gates (Taxon, 33: 13–25) in their study of Banisteriopsis in 1984, where they also developed the method of character analysis by spatial autocorrelation. Kernel weight was found to be the most important character.

Uncertainty/Information as Measure of Various Urographic Parameters: An Information Theory Model of Diagnosis of Renal Masses

1981 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Bigongiari ◽  
David F. Preston ◽  
LARRY COOK ◽  
Samuel J. Dwyer ◽  
Steve Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Uncertainty Information

scholarly journals Adaptive Estimation for Epidemic Renewal and Phylogenetic Skyline Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris V Parag ◽  
Christl A Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Adaptive Estimation ◽  
Minimum Description Length ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Estimating temporal changes in a target population from phylogenetic or count data is an important problem in ecology and epidemiology. Reliable estimates can provide key insights into the climatic and biological drivers influencing the diversity or structure of that population and evidence hypotheses concerning its future growth or decline. In infectious disease applications, the individuals infected across an epidemic form the target population. The renewal model estimates the effective reproduction number, R, of the epidemic from counts of observed incident cases. The skyline model infers the effective population size, N, underlying a phylogeny of sequences sampled from that epidemic. Practically, R measures ongoing epidemic growth while N informs on historical caseload. While both models solve distinct problems, the reliability of their estimates depends on p-dimensional piecewise-constant functions. If p is misspecified, the model might underfit significant changes or overfit noise and promote a spurious understanding of the epidemic, which might misguide intervention policies or misinform forecasts. Surprisingly, no transparent yet principled approach for optimizing p exists. Usually, p is heuristically set, or obscurely controlled via complex algorithms. We present a computable and interpretable p-selection method based on the minimum description length (MDL) formalism of information theory. Unlike many standard model selection techniques, MDL accounts for the additional statistical complexity induced by how parameters interact. As a result, our method optimizes p so that R and N estimates properly and meaningfully adapt to available data. It also outperforms comparable Akaike and Bayesian information criteria on several classification problems, given minimal knowledge of the parameter space, and exposes statistical similarities among renewal, skyline, and other models in biology. Rigorous and interpretable model selection is necessary if trustworthy and justifiable conclusions are to be drawn from piecewise models. [Coalescent processes; epidemiology; information theory; model selection; phylodynamics; renewal models; skyline plots]

scholarly journals An information theory model of hydrophobic interactions.

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (17) ◽  
pp. 8951-8955 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hummer ◽  
S. Garde ◽  
A. E. Garcia ◽  
A. Pohorille ◽  
L. R. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Theory Model

An Information Theory Model for Human Detection

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
Francis J. Shea ◽  
Marvin G. Ziskin ◽  
William W. Kutin
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Human Detection

An Analysis of the Freudian Slip and Errors in Speech Communication

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Ruch
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Speech Errors ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Central Purpose

The Freudian slip is a common, yet little understood, phenomenon of speech communication. Though we can usually identify a slip easily, most of us are unfamiliar with how, why, and where the slip occurs. In all of his writings Freud never addressed himself to the Freduian slip per se. It is the Freudian account of id drive, however, that allows us to establish a working definition of the Freudian slip and investigate the differences between the slip and errors in speech. The central purpose of this article is to attempt to formulate a theory of the Freudian slip and speech errors in the context of the information theory model.

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