Advertising, Competition and Market Conduct in Oligopoly Over Time. An Econometric Investigation in Western European Countries.

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (344) ◽  
pp. 918
Author(s):  
H. Townsend ◽  
J. J. Lambin
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Market Conduct ◽  
Western European ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Effect of change of natural efficiency indicators for profitability of broiler chicken fattening

2012 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
István Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Western European ◽  
A Company ◽  
Efficiency Indicators ◽  
Over Time

I consider it important that the fattening of broiler producers in an economic sense to remain alive in the present difficult situation. This does not mean to me, that just does not generate a loss, but they do remain in their activities after income. Because if you do not have sufficient income in a given sector then the technology becomes obsolete over time and income deficit due to the possible improvements are still lagging behind, resulting in competitive disadvantages occur. The natural efficiency remains a priority, because fundamentally determine our competitiveness in the broiler production. In the present study, scenario analysis can prove the veracity of my claim, in point of the three most important natural efficiency indicators. The natural efficiency indicators of a company compared to the natural effectiveness of our country and the our competitions (Western-European countries).

Institutional Development and Trade Development: A Case Study of India-ASEAN Bilateral Trade

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayengbam Lalit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Western European ◽  
Over Time

Early literatures show the importance of institutions with reference to European countries, where Renaissance age led the Western European countries to industrial revolution and hence intercontinental trade. At present, institutions in a country are the foundation on which all economic activity is built. The present paper deals with how institutional developments (for countries in this study) over time could lead to development of bilateral trade between India and ASEAN.

scholarly journals A multilevel approach to understanding the resurgence and evolution of infectious syphilis in Western Europe

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Western European ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Multifactorial Causation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Nearly eight years after an outbreak of infectious syphilis was first reported in Bristol, England, successive outbreaks have occurred in most western European countries. In this issue of Eurosurveillance we take a look at the recent resurgence and evolution of infectious syphilis in seven European countries in order to critically review our understanding of its epidemiology, and to examine opportunities for directing interventions in the near future. The papers also provide some insight into the multilevel, multifactorial causation of syphilis epidemics, and how this may be changing over time in the presence of preventive interventions.

CASE STUDY: Regional Cultural Differences Within and Across Four Western European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
Nadine Waehning ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Stephan Dahl ◽  
Sinan Zeyneloglu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Western European

This case study examines and illustrates within country regional cultural differences and cross border cultural similarities across four western European countries. Drawing on the data from the World Values Survey (WVS), we refer to the Schwartz Cultural Values Inventory in the survey. The demographic variables of age, gender, education level, marital status and income vary across the regions and hence, have significant effects on the cultural value dimensions across regions. The findings help a better understanding of the homogeneity and heterogeneity of regions withinand across countries. Both researchers and managers will have to justify their sampling methods and generalisations more carefully when drawing conclusions for a whole country. This case study underlines the limited knowledge about regional within country cultural differences, while also illustrating the simplification of treating each country as culturally homogeneous. Cross-country business strategies connecting transnational regional markets based on cultural value characteristics need to take these similarities and differences into account when designating business plans.

Knowledge about basic life support in European students

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (21) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Marton ◽  
Attila Pandúr ◽  
Emese Pék ◽  
Krisztina Deutsch ◽  
Bálint Bánfai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
European Students ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
European Youth

Introduction: Better knowledge and skills of basic life support can save millions of lives each year in Europe. Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about basic life support in European students. Method: From 13 European countries 1527 volunteer participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic questions and knowledge regarding basic life support. The maximum possible score was 18. Results: Those participants who had basic life support training earned 11.91 points, while those who had not participated in lifesaving education had 9.6 points (p<0.001). Participants from former socialist Eastern European countries reached 10.13 points, while Western Europeans had average 10.85 points (p<0.001). The best results were detected among the Swedish students, and the worst among the Belgians. Conclusions: Based on the results, there are significant differences in the knowledge about basic life support between students from different European countries. Western European youth, and those who were trained had better performance. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(21), 833–837.

Central and Eastern European states in global production linkages: country-level and sector-level analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Western European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Level Analysis

The paper evaluates Central and Eastern European countries’ (CEEs) location in global vertical specialization (global value chains, GVCs). To locate each country in global value chains (upstream or downstream segment/market) and to compare them with the selected countries, a very selective methodology was adopted. We concluded that (a) CEE countries differ in the levels of their participation in production linkages. Countries that have stronger links with Western European countries, especially with Germany, are more integrated; (b) a large share of the CEE countries’ gross exports passes through Western European GVCs; (c) most exporters in Central and Eastern Europe are positioned in the downstream segments of production rather than in the upstream markets. JEL classification: F14, F15.

scholarly journals PMH54 ADHD Among Adults in Five Western European Countries: An Analysis of National Health and Wellness Survey Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. A343-A344 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Able ◽  
V. Haynes ◽  
K. Annunziata ◽  
H. Upadhyaya ◽  
W. Deberdt
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Health ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Western European

scholarly journals Avoidance, ambiguity, alternation: Position blurring strategies in multidimensional party competition

2021 ◽  
pp. 146511652110274
Author(s):  
Jelle Koedam
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Accountability ◽  
Democratic Representation ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Party Strategy ◽  
Political Outcome ◽  
Western European

In a multidimensional environment, parties may have compelling incentives to obscure their preferences on select issues. This study contributes to a growing literature on position blurring by demonstrating how party leaders purposively create uncertainty about where their party stands on the issue of European integration. By doing so, it theoretically and empirically disentangles the cause of position blurring—parties’ strategic behavior—from its intended political outcome. The analysis of survey and manifesto data across 14 Western European countries (1999–2019) confirms that three distinct strategies—avoidance, ambiguity, and alternation—all increase expert uncertainty about a party's position. This finding is then unpacked by examining for whom avoidance is particularly effective. This study has important implications for our understanding of party strategy, democratic representation, and political accountability.

The Developmental Consequences for Asylum-seeking Children Living With the Prospect for Five Years or More of Enforced Return to Their Home Country

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Kalverboer ◽  
A.E. Zijlstra ◽  
E.J. Knorth
Keyword(s):  
Home Country ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Member States ◽  
Developmental Risks ◽  
Western European ◽  
Legal Procedures

This study examines the European legal framework and policy on children’s rights and on the development and developmental risks of children from asylum-seeking families who have lived in asylum centres for over five years with the prospect of being forced to return to their home country. The legal procedures and practices of Member States in the Western European countries seem to be far too lengthy, and the standards for reception far too low to protect the children’s positive development.

scholarly journals Differences in self reported morbidity by educational level: a comparison of 11 western European countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Cavelaars ◽  
A. E. Kunst ◽  
J. J. Geurts ◽  
R. Crialesi ◽  
L. Grotvedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Western European
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