F-Regularity, Test Elements, and Smooth Base Change

AbstractThis article is a continuation of our previous work [7] on the Iwasawa theory of an elliptic modular form over an imaginary quadratic field $K$, where the modular form in question was assumed to be ordinary at a fixed odd prime $p$. We formulate integral Iwasawa main conjectures at non-ordinary primes $p$ for suitable twists of the base change of a newform $f$ to an imaginary quadratic field $K$ where $p$ splits, over the cyclotomic ${\mathbb{Z}}_p$-extension, the anticyclotomic ${\mathbb{Z}}_p$-extensions (in both the definite and the indefinite cases) as well as the ${\mathbb{Z}}_p^2$-extension of $K$. In order to do so, we define Kobayashi–Sprung-style signed Coleman maps, which we use to introduce doubly signed Selmer groups. In the same spirit, we construct signed (integral) Beilinson–Flach elements (out of the collection of unbounded Beilinson–Flach elements of Loeffler–Zerbes), which we use to define doubly signed $p$-adic $L$-functions. The main conjecture then relates these two sets of objects. Furthermore, we show that the integral Beilinson–Flach elements form a locally restricted Euler system, which in turn allow us to deduce (under certain technical assumptions) one inclusion in each one of the four main conjectures we formulate here (which may be turned into equalities in favorable circumstances).

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Developing a Genetic System in Deinococcus radiodurans for Analyzing Mutations

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/166.2.661 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 166 (2) ◽

pp. 661-668

Author(s):

Mandy Kim ◽

Erika Wolff ◽

Tiffany Huang ◽

Lilit Garibyan ◽

Ashlee M Earl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽

Genetic System ◽

Base Change ◽

Base Substitution ◽

Wild Type ◽

Base Pairs ◽

E Coli ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Induced Mutagenesis

Abstract We have applied a genetic system for analyzing mutations in Escherichia coli to Deinococcus radiodurans, an extremeophile with an astonishingly high resistance to UV- and ionizing-radiation-induced mutagenesis. Taking advantage of the conservation of the β-subunit of RNA polymerase among most prokaryotes, we derived again in D. radiodurans the rpoB/Rif r system that we developed in E. coli to monitor base substitutions, defining 33 base change substitutions at 22 different base pairs. We sequenced >250 mutations leading to Rif r in D. radiodurans derived spontaneously in wild-type and uvrD (mismatch-repair-deficient) backgrounds and after treatment with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and 5-azacytidine (5AZ). The specificities of NTG and 5AZ in D. radiodurans are the same as those found for E. coli and other organisms. There are prominent base substitution hotspots in rpoB in both D. radiodurans and E. coli. In several cases these are at different points in each organism, even though the DNA sequences surrounding the hotspots and their corresponding sites are very similar in both D. radiodurans and E. coli. In one case the hotspots occur at the same site in both organisms.

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Elliptic Fibrations and Kodaira Dimensions of Schreieder’s Varieties

International Mathematics Research Notices ◽

10.1093/imrn/rnaa347 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alice Garbagnati

Keyword(s):

K3 Surfaces ◽

Base Change ◽

Kodaira Dimension ◽

Elliptic Surface ◽

Minimal Resolution ◽

Elliptic Fibrations ◽

Smooth Model ◽

Birational Model ◽

Hodge Numbers ◽

Rational Elliptic Surface

Abstract We discuss the birational geometry and the Kodaira dimension of certain varieties previously constructed by Schreieder, proving that in any dimension they admit an elliptic fibration and they are not of general type. The $l$-dimensional variety $Y_{(n)}^{(l)}$, which is the quotient of the product of a certain curve $C_{(n)}$ by itself $l$ times by a group $G\simeq \left ({\mathbb{Z}}/n{\mathbb{Z}}\right )^{l-1}$ of automorphisms, was constructed by Schreieder to obtain varieties with prescribed Hodge numbers. If $n=3^c$ Schreieder constructed an explicit smooth birational model of it, and Flapan proved that the Kodaira dimension of this smooth model is 1, if $c>1$; if $l=2$ it is a modular elliptic surface; if $l=3$ it admits a fibration in K3 surfaces. In this paper we generalize these results: without any assumption on $n$ and $l$ we prove that $Y_{(n)}^{(l)}$ admits many elliptic fibrations and its Kodaira dimension is at most 1. Moreover, if $l=2$, its minimal resolution is a modular elliptic surface, obtained by a base change of order $n$ on a specific extremal rational elliptic surface; if $l\geq 3$ it has a birational model that admits a fibration in K3 surfaces and a fibration in $(l-1)$-dimensional varieties of Kodaira dimension at most 0.

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A New Approach to Quantifying Bioaccumulation of Elements in Biological Processes

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10040345 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 345

Author(s):

Kinga Proc ◽

Piotr Bulak ◽

Monika Kaczor ◽

Andrzej Bieganowski

Keyword(s):

Element Concentration ◽

Experimental System ◽

Small Scale ◽

New Approach ◽

Realistic Situation ◽

Initial Load ◽

Test Elements ◽

Organism Growth ◽

Bioaccumulation Index ◽

Phosphorous Concentration

Bioaccumulation, expressed as the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), is a phenomenon widely investigated in the natural environment and at laboratory scale. However, the BAF is more suitable for ecological studies, while in small-scale experiments it has limitations, which are discussed in this article. We propose a new indicator, the bioaccumulation index (BAI). The BAI takes into account the initial load of test elements, which are added to the experimental system together with the biomass of the organism. This offers the opportunity to explore the phenomena related to the bioaccumulation and, contrary to the BAF, can also reveal the dilution of element concentration in the organism. The BAF can overestimate bioaccumulation, and in an extremal situation, when the dilution of element concentration during organism growth occurs, the BAF may produce completely opposite results to the BAI. In one of the examples presented in this work (Tschirner and Simon, 2015), the concentration of phosphorous in fly larvae was lower after the experiment than in the younger larvae before the experiment. Because the phosphorous concentration in the feed was low, the BAF indicated a high bioaccumulation of this element (BAF = 14.85). In contrast, the BAI showed element dilution, which is a more realistic situation (BAI = −0.32). By taking more data into account, the BAI seems to be more valid in determining bioaccumulation, especially in the context of entomoremediation research.

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The Identification of Mutation in BMP15 Gene Associated with Litter Size in Xinjiang Cele Black Sheep

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 668

Author(s):

Zhi-gang Niu ◽

Jin Qin ◽

Yao Jiang ◽

Xiang-Dong Ding ◽

Yu-gong Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Analysis ◽

Litter Size ◽

Base Change ◽

Wild Type ◽

Wild Genotype ◽

Exon 2 ◽

Black Sheep ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Gene Sequence Analysis ◽

Exon 1

The Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) gene is known to have multiple single-nucleotide polymorphism sites associated with sheep fecundity. This study used gene sequence analysis and mutation detection assays for BMP15 by using 205 blood samples of ewes with known lambing records. Sequence analysis showed that mutation B1 missed the CTT base in exon 1 at positions 28–30, leading to a leucine deletion in the BMP15 protein. Litter size of ewes differed significantly between BB and B+ genotypes of B1 (p < 0.05); however, the differences between wild genotype (++) and homozygous (BB) or wild genotype (++) and heterozygous (B+) were not significant (p > 0.05). Another mutation, T755C, is a T-to-C base change at position 755 of exon 2, resulting in leucine replacement by proline at this position of the BMP15 protein (p.L252P). Two genotypes were identified in the flock: heterozygous (E+) and wild-type genotype (++). Ewes with heterozygous (E+) p.L252P had significantly larger litter sizes than those with the wild-type genotype (p < 0.05). Comprehensive analysis suggests that p.L252P is a mutation that affects fecundity in Cele black sheep.

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Sequentially Cohen-Macaulay Modules Under Base Change

Communications in Algebra ◽

10.1080/00927870500261132 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 3977-3987 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Massoud Tousi ◽

Siamak Yassemi

Keyword(s):

Base Change

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Reflecting on the contemporary relevance of the forgotten management pioneers: A creative auto/biography

Methodological Innovations ◽

10.1177/2059799119863282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 205979911986328

Author(s):

Hester Nienaber

Keyword(s):

Reflective Practice ◽

Well Being ◽

Base Change ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Organisational Performance ◽

Relevant Today ◽

Practice Gap ◽

Theory Practice Gap ◽

And Control

Management theory and practice are characterised by the ‘theory–practice gap’. A way of addressing this divide is to engage in reflective practice, in this instance, a creative auto/biography. This different way of presenting an old issue demonstrates how the original teachings of the management pioneers remain relevant today. The central issues are the purpose of the organisation and the role of both leadership and employees in unlocking human competence in pursuit of organisational performance. The concepts ‘autonomy’ and ‘control’ transpired as crucial, which could easily be misunderstood or misapplied. This personal reflection presents evidence on which to base change, enhancing the well-being of employees, societies and the profit of organisations. This article contributes to knowledge by making inaccessible knowledge, accessible and inclusive, and the expectation that the meaning emanating from this reflection will result in the management audience to reconsider management, advancing management science and benefitting society at large.

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