Riding Waves or Making Waves? The Services and the U.S. Defense Budget, 1981–1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Lebovic
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Bureaucratic Politics ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Defense Budget ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The U.S

Bureaucratic politics is the favored explanation of those addressing the perversities of defense budgeting. But it is arguably devoid of politics, given its dependence on either aggregate top-down or horizontal models. I seek to redirect analysis. I disaggregate defense spending (by service and weapon type) and study budget sensitivity to program pressures in the buildups and builddowns of the Reagan-Bush eras. Applying a two-equation model to time-series cross-sectional data, the analysis shows weapon budgets increasing with program diversification and a commitment to defense spending. In turn, it shows programs diversifying to accomodate service objectives: when turning to missions, the services increased program varieties while concentrating program resources.

Forecasting the Impact of Socioeconomic and Demographic Change on Product Demand

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Mccann ◽  
David J. Reibstein
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Differential Scheme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. population is expected to undergo significant shifts in its demographic and socioeconomic makeup. The authors present a series of methods for estimating the impact of these shifts on product demand. In addition, two new methods for pooling time-series and cross-sectional data are presented. One method combines disaggregate cross sectional data with aggregate time-series data and the second method involves a differential scheme for pooling cross sections for each variable in the model.

scholarly journals Financing Defence: The Influence of Defence Budget on National Economic Growth: An Indonesian Case

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Posma Sariguna Johnson Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Defense Budget ◽  
Defence Budget ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
National Economic

In our hypothesis the defense budget must reduce the traditional threat and influence the economic. This research would like to see if the defense spending will influence the national economics through economic growth by demand side approach. By assuming the natural balance of power, the traditional threat come not only from military capabilities but also balanced by their economic power. The equation model formed to capture the influence of defense spending to economics growth. The regression describes that military spending had an impact on economic growth. Increase in the level of traditional threat is not reduce economic growth. The Indonesian defense budget give impact on the national economics, and the traditional threat is in small variation. But, the national defense budget still needs to be increased. This makes production could be stable, and the economic actors still feel safe doing the business.

scholarly journals Is There Too Much Government in Developed Countries? A Time-Series Analysis of 24 OECD-Economies

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Sebastian Coll
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Time Series Analyses

AbstractThe economic consequences of public sector oversizing have been analyzed in hundreds of scientific contributions. The empirical branch of this literature tries to measure these effects through the use of three main tools: cross-sectional analysis of countries’ samples, time-series analysis of individual economies, and panel-data analysis. Most authors conclude that the current size of the public sector is too big in their analyzed economies, thus leading to reduced output. For different reasons, however, the results of both cross-sectional and time-series analyses are open to criticism. This article aims to check the validity of the converging conclusions obtained by time-series analyses. To this end, a simultaneous-equation model is designed, which evades the critiques addressed to prior contributions. Application of this model to 24 OECD countries during the 1975-to-2007 period suggests that at least most of these have indeed let their public sector grow beyond the level that is optimum for their economic performance.

Measurement of the Effects of Regional Policy Instruments by Means of Linear Structural Equation Models and Panel Data

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1435-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Folmer
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cross Sectional

Two kinds of problems have generally been encountered in measuring the effects of instruments of regional policy. The first concerns the construction of an adequate method, which should (a) take explicitly into account the multidimensional character of a regional profile, (b) disentangle policy effects from autonomous developments, (c) make it possible to compare the effects of different policy instruments, and (d) be capable of dealing with theoretical constructs and measurement errors. The second problem relates to the scarcity of regional data, both concerning time-series and cross-sectional data. A linear structural equation model is presented which meets the first set of conditions. This model is then modified in such a way that it can be estimated by pooling cross-sectional and time-series data, thus increasing the number of observations. In addition, as an application the effects of regional industrialization policy on investments in the Netherlands during the period 1973–1976 are estimated.

Explaining Suffrage Mobilization: Balance, Neutralization, and Range in Collective Action Frames, 1892–1919

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndi Hewitt ◽  
Holly McCammon
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
State Level ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Collective Action Frames ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
The U.S

Growing evidence points to the pivotal role of framing processes in the mobilization of social movements. Our study contributes to framing theory by drawing on data from state-level woman suffrage movements in the U.S. to provide a systematic comparison of the mobilizing capacities of different collective action frames. Specifically, we examine the differential impact of the justice, societal reform, and home protection frames. Rather than assuming that all frames deployed by movements contribute equally to successful mobilization, we distinguish between effective and ineffective frames. Results of cross-sectional time series analyses suggest that the use of the reform frame positively influenced membership growth in state suffrage organizations, while the use of the justice and home protection frames had no effect. We conclude that there are three key determinants of a frame's mobilizing capacity: a balanced (i.e., culturally resonant and oppositional) message, the range of issues addressed, and the effective neutralization of counterframes

scholarly journals Municipal Fragmentation and Local Financial Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-150
Author(s):  
HyungGun PARK
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metropolitan Statistical Areas ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
Intergovernmental Competition ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Fiscal Outcomes

A sizeable literature investigates how intergovernmental competition affects various fiscal outcomes in a fragmented local landscape. However, it remains untested how the fragmentation affects the outcomes simultaneously. This study addresses the issue by condensing individual outcomes into a multifaceted concept of financial condition. Utilizing a pooled cross-sectional time-series approach on the metropolitan statistical areas in the U.S between 1972 and 2017, this study tests how financial condition of municipalities varies by competition among them. The finding exhibit adverse effects on their financial condition when a greater number of municipalities is identified.

scholarly journals Defense Budget Growth and Inflation: A Wavelet-Based Study of the U.S. and Britain

2022 ◽  
pp. 147892992110684
Author(s):  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Defense Budget ◽  
Wavelet Method ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Spending Growth ◽  
Bilateral Effects ◽  
The U.S

Despite the extensive theoretical connections between defense budget growth and inflation, empirical findings based on traditional time-domain methods have been inconclusive. This study reexamines the issue from a time–frequency perspective. Applying continuous wavelet analysis to the U.S. and Britain, it shows empirical evidence in support of positive bilateral effects in both cases. In the bivariate context, U.S. defense budget growth promoted inflation at 2- to 4-year cycles in the 1840s and at 8- to 24-year cycles between 1825 and 1940. Conversely, inflation accelerated defense spending growth at 5- to 7-year cycles in the 1830s and at 25- to 64-year cycles between 1825 and 1940. Similarly, British defense budget growth spurred inflation at 8- to 48-year cycles between 1890 and 1940 and at 50- to 65-year cycles between 1790 and 1860. Inflation fueled the growth of defense spending at 7- to 20-year cycles between 1840 and 1870, in the 1940s, and in the 1980s. Preliminary results from multivariate analyses are also supportive, though there is a need for further research that is contingent on advancements in the wavelet method in the direction of simulation-based significance tests.

Pengaruh Petugas Kesehatan, Keluarga, Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi Terhadap Gaya Hidup Penderita Hipertensi

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Bambang Suryadi ◽  
Muhammad Hafizurrachman
Keyword(s):  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) penyebab kematian nomor satu setiap tahun adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler. Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kardiovaskuler yang disebabkan oleh faktor gaya hidup. Hipertensi juga ditanggung oleh BPJS Kesehatan dalam upaya promotif dan preventife melalui Progam Pengendalian Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis).Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh langsung atau tidak langsung pengaruh peran petugas kesehatan, fungsi keluarga, lingkungan kerja, motivasi diri terhadap gaya hidup hipertensi peserta Prolanis  BPJS Kesehatan di Wilayah Puskesmas Ciracas.Metode penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel 82 penderita hipertensi. Metode analisis denganStructural Equation Model (SEM) mengunakan SmartPLS 2.0.Hasil pengujian hipotesis menghasilkan temuan penelitian yaitu variabel-variabel gaya hidup penderita hipertensi peserta Prolanis BPJS Kesehatan dipengaruhi oleh peran petugas kesehatan (11,22%), fungsi keluarga (38,81%), lingkungan kerja (12,93%) dan motivasi diri (26,93%). Total besaran pengaruh langsung terhadap gaya hidup penderita hipertensi peserta sebesar 89,89% dan pengaruh tidak langsung sebesar 8,60%. Fungsi keluarga dan motivasi diri merupakan faktor yang dominan mempengaruhi gaya hidup penderita hipertensi.Model hasil analisis dapat menjelaskan (99,96%) keragaman data dan mampu mengkaji fenomena yang dipakai dalam penelitian, sedangkan (0,04%) dijelaskan komponen lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini.Saran penelitian adalah agar meningkatkan fungsi keluarga untuk mendorong terhadap gaya hidup yang baik pada penderita hipertensi. Kata Kunci: Fungsi Keluarga, Gaya Hidup, Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi Diri, Peran Petugas Kesehatan

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