The Development of Chinese International Law Terms and the Problem of Their Translation into English

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hungdah Chiu
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Chinese Text ◽  
Religious Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Proposal A ◽  
The United Nations

In 1951, the Chinese delegate to the United Nations proposed to the General Assembly that the Chinese text of the Genocide Convention be revised. The reason for revision, as stated in the Chinese proposal, was that there existed a number of discrepancies between the Chinese text originally prepared by the United Nations Secretariat and the other official texts. The Chinese delegate included in his proposal a new Chinese text for consideration by the General Assembly. Of the proposed changes the most important one related to the Chinese translation of the term “genocide.” The term had originally been translated by the Secretariat as “wei-hai chung-tsu” (lit., “to cause harm or to destroy racial groups”), while the new Chinese text translated the term as “ts'an-hai jen-ch'ün” (lit., “to cause harm to or to destroy human groups in a ruthless manner”). The new translation is closer to the meaning of the term “genocide” which, as defined in Article 2 of the Convention, encompasses any act “committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group.” The Chinese proposal was adopted by the General Assembly on December 21, 1952, by Resolution 691 (VII).

The Question of the establishment of an International Criminal Jurisdiction

1949 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-486
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Plenary Meeting ◽  
Criminal Jurisdiction ◽  
The United Nations

The General Assembly of the United Nations, at its 179th plenary meeting on December 9, 1948, unanimously approved the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, and proposed it for signature and ratification or accession in accordance with Article XI thereof. Article I of the Convention provides that “genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law.” Article V stipulates that the Contracting Parties undertake to enact, in accordance with their respective constitutions, the necessary legislation to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide or any of the other acts made punishable under the Convention. Such persons are to be tried, according to Article VI, “by a competent tribunal of the State in the territory of which the act was committed, or by such international penal tribunal as may have jurisdiction with respect to those Contracting Parties which shall have accepted its jurisdiction.” The Convention thus envisages the possible creation of an international penal tribunal.

The Intent to Destroy Groups in the Genocide Convention: The Proposed U.S. Understanding

1984 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (the Genocide Convention) in December 1948. A representative of the United States signed the Convention, and President Truman later transmitted it to the Senate with a request that it give its advice and consent to ratification. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held hearings on the Convention in 1950. It has since held hearings on four occasions (1970, 1971, 1977 and 1981), and favorably reported the Convention to the Senate four times (1970, 1971, 1973 and 1976). However, the Senate has failed to act; a resolution of ratification was debated on the floor in 1973-1974, but it fell victim to a filibuster and the Convention remains in committee.

“Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel”: Presentation and analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (309) ◽  
pp. 638-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Bouvier
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations

On 9 December 1994 the United Nations General Assembly adopted by consensus the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel. In so doing it completed a process of codification and progressive development of international law at an unusually fast pace, considering that the Ad Hoc Committee entrusted by the 48th General Assembly (1993) with drafting the Convention took less than nine months to complete its task.

Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgosia Fitzmaurice
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Working Group ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law ◽  
International Law Commission ◽  
Final Text

On 11 April 1997, the text of the Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses was presented by the Working Group of the Whole (WG) of the United Nations General Assembly Sixth Committee to the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). This Convention is based on the 1994 Draft Articles on the same topic prepared by the International Law Commission (ILC). These Draft Articles were approved on second reading by the ILC during its 46th session in 1994 and subsequently submitted to the 49th session of the UNGA in 1994 for consideration by states. By its Resolution 49/52, the UNGA invited states to present written submissions to comment on the Draft Articles and at the same time it proposed that a working group on the whole of the UNGA Sixth Committee be established to convene during the 51st session of UNGA (September-December 1996) to elaborate the text for a convention. During its first session, the WG did not manage to accomplish this task. The final text submitted to the UNGA on 11 April 1997 was the result of the second session of the WG which had deliberated during the period from 24 March to 4 April 1997.

The Twenty-Ninth Year of the World Court

1951 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Manley O. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
The World ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Advisory Opinions

The twenty-ninth year of the Court at The Hague was marked by sustained and fruitful activity. Two judgments were handed down in the Colombian-Peruvian Case Relating to Asylum, and four advisory opinions were given at the request of the General Assembly of the United Nations. Proceedings in the Franco-Egyptian Case on Protection of French Nationals in Egypt were discontinued. At the close of the year four cases were on the Court’s list: the Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, the Rights of American Nationals in Morocco Case, a second Colombian-Peruvian Asylum Case, and a request for an advisory opinion concerning Reservations to the Genocide Convention. The progress registered during the year in the extension of the Court’s jurisdiction was disappointingly slight.

The Work of the Sixth Committee at the Fifty-First Session of the UN General Assembly

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-554
Author(s):  
Virginia Morris ◽  
M.-Christiane Bourloyannis-Vrailas
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Special Committee ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
First Session

At the fifty-first session of the General Assembly, the Sixth (Legal) Committee reviewed the annual reports of the International Law Commission (ILC), the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), the Special Committee on the Charter of the United Nations and on the Strengthening of the Role of the Organization (Special Committee) and the Committee on Relations with the Host Country (Host Country Committee). The Sixth Committee also considered proposals for two new legal instruments relating to (1) the establishment of a permanent international criminal court, and (2) the non-navigational uses of international watercourses, as well as other topics concerning international terrorism, international humanitarian law, diplomatic and consular law, the United Nations internal justice system, the United Nations Decade of International Law (Decade) and the “New International Economic Order.” The topics are discussed in the order in which they were considered by the committee.

United Nations. Report of the International Law Commission Covering the Work of Its Fourteenth Session, April 24-June 29, 1962

1963 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-267
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
General Assembly Resolution ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
International Law Commission ◽  
Law Commission

The International Law Commission, established in pursuance of General Assembly Resolution 174 (II) of 21 November 1947, and in accordance with its Statute annexed thereto, as subsequently amended, held its Fourteenth Session at the European Office of the United Nations, Geneva, from 24 April to 29 June 1962.

The Declaration of Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations: A Survey

1971 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rosenstock
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Special Committee ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
United Nations General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations

In 1963 the United Nations General Assembly established the Special Committee on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations1 and instructed it to consider the following principles

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