What Is Household Work? A Critique of Assumptions Underlying Empirical Studies of Housework and an Alternative Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margrit Eichler ◽  
Patrizia Albanese
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Alternative Approach

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Empirical Evidence on (Digital) Public Services Co-Creation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
A. Paula Rodriguez Müller ◽  
Cesar Casiano Flores ◽  
Valerie Albrecht ◽  
Trui Steen ◽  
Joep Crompvoets
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Implementation Gap ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Innovative Solutions

The public sector is facing significant challenges regarding public services provision, including declination of users’ trust and limited resources. An alternative approach to traditional public service provision with the potential to address these challenges is the co-creation of public services. Co-creation promises to foster innovative solutions to provide high-quality services that respond to users’ needs. Considering this background, we aim at critically exploring public service co-creation via a scoping review, employing the PRISMA-ScR method. Our review focuses on 25 empirical studies out of 75 analyzed articles that examine the implementation of co-creation of (digital) public services and investigates how the empirical literature portrays the concept of public service co-creation. Our findings primarily suggest that co-creation can be implemented in a wide range of sectors and settings, to improve public services and to foster innovation, throughout the whole public service cycle, using a variety of digital, analog and hybrid co-creation tools and strategies. Yet, our review has also shown that there is still an implementation gap that needs to be bridged between knowing and doing in the context of public services co-creation in a digital setting.

The harm reduction approach revisited

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-sum Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Substance Abuse Prevention ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Reduction Approach ◽  
Internationally Adopted

The harm reduction approach has been used in substance abuse prevention, treatment and rehabilitation for three decades. This article re-examines its underlying assumptions, redefines the major concepts and reviews the main features of existing programs in an international perspective. The author finds that harm reduction is pragmatic, incremental, comprehensive, scientific, proactive and accessible. Its effectiveness is supported by empirical studies. Although it is still an alternative approach in some parts of the world, it will soon become an internationally adopted, mainstream approach.

scholarly journals The sequence of manipulation matters: Abstract thinking offsets ego-depletion when induced before, but not after a depleting task

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Unger ◽  
Julie Papastamatelou
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Control Measurement ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Depletion Effect ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractBased on theoretical and empirical studies dealing with the facilitation and inhibiting effects of different psychic distances (low vs. high construal-level), we tested if the exhibition of self-control under a high construal-level is a more efficient and less resource exhausting mode, compared to the exhibition of self-control under a low construal level. Prior studies already showed that the execution of self-control results in a lower construal-level and a high construal-level has facilitating effects on self-control. We expand upon these studies by: 1. operationalizing the whole process of ego-depletion through two sequential self-control tasks, 2. combining one ego-depletion and one construal-level manipulation in a 2 by 2 design and 3. varying the sequence of manipulations. In Experiment 1, we examined how the manipulation of the participants before and after being depleted, affects the self-control performance in a final task. In Experiment 2, we re-tested the offset of ego-depletion on another self-control measurement, with the condition of a high construal-level manipulated first. In Experiment 1 the ego-depletion effect remained existent when the construal-level was manipulated after the execution of self-control in a stroop test, but it was offset, when the construal-level was manipulated before the stoop test. Drawing on measurements of the perceived available self-control resources in Experiment 2, we were able to rule out an alternative approach, explaining similar results by an attentional shift towards reduced resources under low construal-level.

The Use Made of Treatment: an Alternative Approach to the Evaluation of Alcoholism Services

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred E. Yates ◽  
Hugh Norris
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Evaluative Research ◽  
Treatment Use

Despite much evaluative research on alcoholism services, the effectiveness of treatment is still an unsettled matter. The inconclusive results of empirical studies comparing different methods and extensive statistical analysis of their findings do not point a clear way forward for future evaluative efforts. Using a sample of follow-up data from an evaluation study of three residential units (not considered here) this report sets out to demonstrate that dynamics in individual drinking patterns make surveys of studies which have applied different outcome criteria very unreliable. The feasibility of the single controlled study in evaluation is also questioned and attributed to the inappropriate use of a “quality control” model. An alternative approach which avoids the methodological and practical difficulties of the conventional design examines the use made of treatment by clients. A more realistic account based on individual cases is urged which recognizes that seeking help for a drink problem is only one of a number of ways in which the treatment episode fits into the lives of problem drinkers. Some observational evidence is presented and a reinterpretation of Costello' successful and unsuccessful treatment groupings is made in support of a treatment-use approach to evaluation.

scholarly journals The Interplay of Religious Symbols and Cultural Values Theory in Advertising

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-137
Author(s):  
Rima Žitkienė ◽  
Gintarė Kriaučiūnaitė-Lazauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Religious Symbols ◽  
Alternative Approach

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyse symbolic advertising and its effect on cultural values in the consumer society. A conceptual framework is grounded in the scientific literature analysis on Christian religious symbols in advertising along with a critical view of its impact on consumers’ cultural values. There is a lack of empirical studies regarding consumers’ approaches towards religious symbols in advertising and their impact on consumption in different cultural values. In this article we are trying to seek an alternative approach to advertising, social, and cultural trends in society.

scholarly journals Professions as Science-Based Occupations

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brante
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Invariant Definition ◽  
Cognitive Dimensions

How professions should be defined and separated from other occupations has constituted an enduring theoretical and empirical problem in studies of the professions. In this article, the definitions of the so-called list approaches, involving enumerations of social attributes, are scrutinized. Weak-nesses are highlighted and analysed. It is argued that an alternative approach to the issue of definition, commencing from the epistemic or cognitive dimensions of professions, may be more fruitful. One such possibility is presented by setting out from realist philosophy of science. The links between science and profession are explored by addressing, primarily, the relation between the concepts of mechanism and intervention. A new, ‘invariant’ definition is proposed. In conclusion, a few consequences for future empirical studies of the professions are outlined.

scholarly journals The Traditional Conception of Diathesis (Voice) and a Modern View to It

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Albana Deda ◽  
Leonora Lumezi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Active Voice ◽  
Middle Voice ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Greek Tradition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Voice

Since the antiquity, diathesis has been analyzed in linguistic theories as a morphological category of the verb. Consulting the earliest papers, there could be noticed that Greek tradition makes mention of active, passive and middle verbs, whereas in Latin papers we find active and passive verb forms. (There must be said that during this linguistic period the term diathesis could hardly be found. The above mentioned terms referred to the classification of verbs). During the Medieval Age linguists defined the same concept of diathesis. Most of the traditional grammars of many contemporary languages hold the same view, without any significant differences. In traditional Albanian papers diathesis or voice is defined as a morphological category that expresses relations between the verb (the traditional predicate) and the subject. There has been made a division between active and non-active voice. Non-active voice verbs are further divided into: passive, reflexive and middle voice. Empirical studies show that it is difficult to make a distinct and final classification of verbs in terms of the different patterns in which it can be found. This inference is made taking into consideration abundant examples from the Albanian corpus, showing that a verb can be used intransitively in some patterns and transitively in others. The voice division of verbs provided by the Albanian grammars reveals a gap in the examination of the formal and especially the semantic aspect. There are many semantic and formal arguments that lead us to the conclusion that the traditional definition of diathesis is problematic. In our view, this process should be treated as a wider phenomenon that includes more than the morphological aspect. The Valency Theory could be an alternative approach that provides a better solution to this problem.

V940: Pre-Pubic SPARC for Stress Urinary Incontinence: An Alternative Approach for Scarred Retzius Space

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 249-249
Author(s):  
Paulo Palma ◽  
Cassio Riccetto ◽  
Marcelo Thiel ◽  
Miriam Dambros ◽  
Rogerio Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Alternative Approach
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