The Annual Variation of Atmospheric Pressure in the United States

1914 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Henryk Arctowski ◽  
Dobbs Ferry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals The hummingbird and the hawk-moth: Species distribution, geographical partitioning, and macrocompetition across the United States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Halloway ◽  
Christopher J. Whelan ◽  
Joel S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hawk Moth ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
Richness Patterns ◽  
Summer Time

ABSTRACTWe introduce a new concept called macrocompetition – defined as the mutual suppression of diversity/species richness of competing clades – and investigate evidence for its existence. To this end, we analyzed the distribution of two convergent nectarivorous families, hawk-moths and hummingbirds, over the continental United States to determine whether there is geographic partitioning between the families and its potential causes. Using stepwise regression, we tested for latitudinal and longitudinal biases in the species richness of both taxa and the potential role of 10 environmental variables in their distribution pattern. Hawk-moth species richness increases with longitude (eastward-bias) while that of hummingbirds declines (westward-bias). Similar geographic patterns can be seen across Canada, Mexico and South America. Hawk-moth species richness is positively correlated with higher overall temperatures (especially summer minimums), atmospheric pressure, and summer precipitation; hummingbird species richness is negatively correlated with atmospheric pressure and positively correlated with winter daily maxima. The species richness patterns reflect each family’s respective anatomical differences and support the concept of macrocompetition between the two taxa. Hawk-moth species richness was highest in states with low elevation, summer-time flowering, and warm summer nights; hummingbird species richness is highest in the southwest with higher elevation, greater cool season flowering and high daytime winter temperatures. Hawk-moths and hummingbirds as distinct evolutionary technologies exhibit niche overlap and geographical partitioning. These are two of three indicators suggested by Brown and Davidson for inter-taxonomic competition. We intend the patterns revealed here to inspire further exploration into competition and community structuring between hawk-moths and hummingbirds.

scholarly journals The behaviour of the short-period atmospheric pressure variation over the Earth's surface.

1904 ◽  
Vol 73 (488-496) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Norman Lockyer ◽  
William J. S. Lockyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pressure Variation ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Period Variations ◽  
Opposite Manner

In a paper which we communicated to the Society in June, 1902, we drew attention to the fact that in our investigation dealing with the percentage frequency of prominences and changes in atmospheric pressures, we found that the pressures in India and Cordoba behaved in an opposite manner, the short period variations of one being the inverse of those of the other; both, however, were closely associated with the prominence frequency. In a subsequent paper we showed that these two regions, in which these inverse pressure-variation conditions were clearly distinguishable, were, as far as had then been investigated, of considerable extent, the Indian region extending to Ceylon, Java, Mauritius and Australia, and that of Cordoba to the southern part of the United States.

scholarly journals Reduced Lung Cancer Mortality With Lower Atmospheric Pressure

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932581876948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray M. Merrill ◽  
Aaron Frutos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Spatial Regression ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
County Level

Background: Research has shown that higher altitude is associated with lower risk of lung cancer and improved survival among patients. The current study assessed the influence of county-level atmospheric pressure (a measure reflecting both altitude and temperature) on age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates in the contiguous United States, with 2 forms of spatial regression. Methods: Ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression models were used to evaluate the impact of climate and other selected variables on lung cancer mortality, based on 2974 counties. Results: Atmospheric pressure was significantly positively associated with lung cancer mortality, after controlling for sunlight, precipitation, PM2.5 (µg/m3), current smoker, and other selected variables. Positive county-level β coefficient estimates ( P < .05) for atmospheric pressure were observed throughout the United States, higher in the eastern half of the country. Conclusion: The spatial regression models showed that atmospheric pressure is positively associated with age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates, after controlling for other selected variables.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Digital image acquisition, processing, and analysis in a polymer microscopy laboratory

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Berry ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Image

In recent years it became apparent that we needed to improve productivity and efficiency in the Microscopy Laboratories in GE Plastics. It was realized that digital image acquisition, archiving, processing, analysis, and transmission over a network would be the best way to achieve this goal. Also, the capabilities of quantitative image analysis, image transmission etc. available with this approach would help us to increase our efficiency. Although the advantages of digital image acquisition, processing, archiving, etc. have been described and are being practiced in many SEM, laboratories, they have not been generally applied in microscopy laboratories (TEM, Optical, SEM and others) and impact on increased productivity has not been yet exploited as well.In order to attain our objective we have acquired a SEMICAPS imaging workstation for each of the GE Plastic sites in the United States. We have integrated the workstation with the microscopes and their peripherals as shown in Figure 1.

Silence of the Land: On the Historical Irrelevance of Territory to Congressional Districting and Political Representation in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Congressional District ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Communities Of Interest

Every ten years, the United States “constructs” itself politically. On a decennial basis, U.S. Congressional districts are quite literally drawn, physically constructing political representation in the House of Representatives on the basis of where one lives. Why does the United States do it this way? What justifies domicile as the sole criteria of constituency construction? These are the questions raised in this article. Contrary to many contemporary understandings of representation at the founding, I argue that there were no principled reasons for using domicile as the method of organizing for political representation. Even in 1787, the Congressional district was expected to be far too large to map onto existing communities of interest. Instead, territory should be understood as forming a habit of mind for the founders, even while it was necessary to achieve other democratic aims of representative government.

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