A Geometric Picture of the Fifteen School Girl Problem

1896 ◽  
Vol 11 (1/6) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellery W. Davis
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery E. Lyubovitskij ◽  
Fabian Wunder ◽  
Alexey S. Zhevlakov

Abstract We discuss new ideas for consideration of loop diagrams and angular integrals in D-dimensions in QCD. In case of loop diagrams, we propose the covariant formalism of expansion of tensorial loop integrals into the orthogonal basis of linear combinations of external momenta. It gives a very simple representation for the final results and is more convenient for calculations on computer algebra systems. In case of angular integrals we demonstrate how to simplify the integration of differential cross sections over polar angles. Also we derive the recursion relations, which allow to reduce all occurring angular integrals to a short set of basic scalar integrals. All order ε-expansion is given for all angular integrals with up to two denominators based on the expansion of the basic integrals and using recursion relations. A geometric picture for partial fractioning is developed which provides a new rotational invariant algorithm to reduce the number of denominators.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Almumin ◽  
Mu-Chun Chen ◽  
Víctor Knapp-Pérez ◽  
Saúl Ramos-Sánchez ◽  
Michael Ratz ◽  
...  

Abstract We revisit the flavor symmetries arising from compactifications on tori with magnetic background fluxes. Using Euler’s Theorem, we derive closed form analytic expressions for the Yukawa couplings that are valid for arbitrary flux parameters. We discuss the modular transformations for even and odd units of magnetic flux, M, and show that they give rise to finite metaplectic groups the order of which is determined by the least common multiple of the number of zero-mode flavors involved. Unlike in models in which modular flavor symmetries are postulated, in this approach they derive from an underlying torus. This allows us to retain control over parameters, such as those governing the kinetic terms, that are free in the bottom-up approach, thus leading to an increased predictivity. In addition, the geometric picture allows us to understand the relative suppression of Yukawa couplings from their localization properties in the compact space. We also comment on the role supersymmetry plays in these constructions, and outline a path towards non-supersymmetric models with modular flavor symmetries.


2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 15-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Leitz

This article looks at girls who fight in order to evaluate theories of education for marginalized girls. As oppositional culture and educational resistance theories suggest for boys’ misconduct in school, girl fights are found to be a product of deindustrialization, family expectations, and peer culture. Within peer groups of marginalized students an oppositional culture develops such that girls gain respect from their peers by fighting because they demonstrate a necessary toughness. Girls who fight have a complicated relationship to education. Contrary to oppositional culture theory, these girls value educational achievement. However, the girls’ relationships with teachers are strained. Teachers do not appreciate “tough” girls. Race, class, and gender together construct a student culture that produces girls who fight in school.


1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S193
Author(s):  
Mark E. Batt ◽  
M. B.B. Chir ◽  
Nina Skattum ◽  
Blane K. Chong ◽  
Jeffrey L. Tanji

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mansoore Dehghani ◽  
Zeinab Moshfeghy ◽  
Masoumeh Emamghoreishi ◽  
Pouran Tavakoli ◽  
...  

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