The Role of Soil Arthropods in the Energetics of an Old Field Community

1961 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred D. Engelmann
Keyword(s):  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Old Field

The Role of Soil Arthropods in the Energetics of an Old Field Community

1962 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred D. Engelmann
Keyword(s):  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Old Field

Species Size and Reproductive Economy in Herbaceous Vegetation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Tracey
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Reproductive Economy ◽  
Competition For Resources

According to traditional theory, larger plants generaly have an advantage with respect to competition, especially for light. It seems a paradox then that most species that coexist within natural vegetation are relatively small; specis size distributions are right-skewed at virtually every scale. The critical question then becomes: if bigger is better in competition for resources, why then are there so many small plants? A potential explanation for this paradox is that smaller species may have greater reproductive economy-i.e. the ability to reproduce despite suppression from intense competition. Selection for greater reproductive economy may be associated with smaller seed sizes, increased rates of self-fertilization and/or clonality, and in the case of this study, smaller size at reproductive maturity. Random plots in an old field at Queen's University Biological Station were sampled and the largest and smallest reproductive individuals of each species were collected, dried and weighed - to test the hypothesis that smaller species can reproduce at a smaller proportion of their maximum potential plant sizes. The results did not support this, but the hypothesis that smaller plants have greater reproductive economy could not be rejected as it was not possible to record data for the largest possible plant size for each species (since even the largest plants were subjected to competition from neighbours). This provides a focus for future research. Understanding the role of plant size in affecting the process of species assembly has important implications for species coexistence and mechanisms of biodiversity preservation, and thus efforts involving conservation and ecosystem management.

Role of N2-fixation in Constructed Old-field Communities Under Different Regimes of [CO2], Temperature, and Water Availability

Ecosystems ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Garten ◽  
Aimée T. Classen ◽  
Richard J. Norby ◽  
Deanne J. Brice ◽  
Jake F. Weltzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Old Field

Allelopathic effects of goldenrod and aster on young sugar maple

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Fisher ◽  
R. A. Woods ◽  
M. R. Glavicic
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Germination And Growth

A series of field, greenhouse, and laboratory studies were undertaken to elucidate the role of allelopathy in old-field sugar maple stands. Old-field weed residue inhibited germination and growth of maple even in the absence of competing vegetation. Goldenrod and aster were important producers of water soluble compounds that inhibited germination, nutrient uptake, and growth. These allelopathic chemicals were most readily extracted from putrefied plant residues, but they appeared to be natural plant products rather than microbial breakdown products. The deleterious effects of goldenrod on nutrition and growth of maple were overcome by large additions of soluble phosphorus fertilizer.

Role of Resources and Disturbance in the Organization of an Old-Field Plant Community

Ecology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter P. Carson ◽  
S. T. A. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Field Plant

An experimental study of the role of seedling density and neighbor relatedness in the persistence of Rumex acetosella in an old-field succession

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Escarré ◽  
Claudie Houssard ◽  
John D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Sibling Competition ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Rumex Acetosella ◽  
Habitat Variation ◽  
Key Words Density ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Older Populations

Patterns in flowering and biomass allocation in seedlings of Rumex acetosella L. collected from five successional old fields, from 1 year old to 15 years old, have been examined in experimental pots varying in density (1, 2, and 4 plants/pot) and neighbor relatedness (sib, nonsib, other population) to determine the effects of successional habitat variation on patterns of resource allocation. The flowering of seedlings from the successionally young populations was not affected by density, whereas for seedlings from the older populations, increased density was correlated with increased variation in flower and seed production both within and between populations. At high density, seedlings from the successionally youngest population showed the greatest allocation of resources to flowering. As a result, differentiation along the successional gradient was such that the younger populations invested a greater proportion of resources to aerial biomass, while the older populations allocated relatively more resources to vegetative propagation. These trends were maintained at high density. The results of the sibling competition treatment showed no consistent trend related to the age of the populations but were density dependent. At high density, sexual biomass was higher between nonsibs than between sibs of the same population, suggesting greater competition among related plants. Finally, the sexual biomass of individual plants was less in competition with seedlings from a different population than with seedlings from the same population. Sprout biomass showed the reverse trend. The observed differentiation between successionally different populations in resource allocation irrespective of density may account for these results. Overall, our results provide evidence for biotic specialization of R. acetosella in relation to successional habitat change. Key words: density, sibling competition, succession, trade-off, Rumex acetosella, resource allocation.

scholarly journals Diversity of Soil Arthropods In The Tea Plantation of PTPN XII Bantaran Blitar

el–Hayah ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Dwi Suheriyanto ◽  
Mariatul Qiptiyah ◽  
Bayu Agung Prahardika
Keyword(s):  
Food Chain ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Length Width

Pruning tea leaves not only improve the productivity of the tea leaves but ecologically improve soil arthropods, which have very important role in the food chain. This study aimed to identify and analyse the diversity of soil arthropods in the tea plantation of PTPN XII Bantaran Blitar with pruning system. Observation of soil arthropods was performed by using hand sorted method on tea land with 25, 25 and 30 cm of each length, width and depth, respectively. Observations were performed at three stations, namely Pruning Year (PY) I, PY II and PY III, at which each station contains 10 observation point. The data were analysed by PAST program 3.06 version. This study found soil arthropods about 45 specimens, consisting of 15 orders, and 33 families. The most abundant order is Coleoptera, as well  the role of common soil arthropods are predator.  Family Formicidae is the most common family found in tea plantation. In addition, the highest of soil arthropods diversity index is in PY III, i.e. 2,58.

scholarly journals The Role of Soil Arthropods in Community Energetics

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANFRED D. ENCELMANN
Keyword(s):  
Soil Arthropods
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