Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States. A Tabular View Showing Changes Made Between March 4 and November 1, 1933

1933 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Postal Services ◽  
Attorneys General ◽  
The Military

Exceptionally rapid and drastic changes in the functional and structural aspects of the executive branch of the national government of the United States since the advent of the Roosevelt administration tend to leave the observer in a condition of bewilderment, from which he may to some degree be rescued by the guide furnished below. The outline was prepared by the staff of the Institute for Government Research of the Brookings Institution of Washington, and covers all major units of the Executive Departments with the exception of those in the Department of Justice and in the Post Office Department and those supervising the military and naval activities in the War and Navy Departments. For the Department of Justice and the Post Office Department, the supervisory units headed by the assistant attorneys-general and the assistant postmasters-general are included in the terms “Legal Services” and “Postal Services.” For the War and Navy Departments, the designations “Military Services” and “Naval Services” include all of the units supervising these branches. The outline includes also the independent establishments, and in some cases subordinate units are listed. The emergency organizations listed include only units specifically authorized by law or established by the President under general authority vested in him. There are also boards, corporations, and committees which operate with or are advisory to many of the units listed, and in addition some duties have been delegated to existing agencies which have not created separate units for extra work.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between June 1 and September 30, 1939

1939 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Administrative Personnel

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order or Reorganization Plans under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Created by Public No. 299, 76th Congress, approved August 7,1939, effective 90 days thereafter. This office has charge of all administrative matters relating to the offices of clerks and administrative personnel of the courts, the disbursement of appropriations, and the preparation of budget estimates; this work having been formerly in the Department of Justice.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between October 1, 1939, and April 11, 1940

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-518
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Reorganization Plan

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order or Reorganization Plans under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.A. Reorganization Plan No. III, under authority of the act of April 3, 1939 (53 Stat. L. 561), was transmitted to Congress on April 2, 1940; it will become effective 60 calendar days thereafter; a resolution disapproving the plan was adopted by the House of Representatives, but was rejected by the Senate. The changes made by this plan are as follows:Administrator of Civil Aëronautics. The designation of the Administrator of the Civil Aëronautics Authority is changed to Administrator of Civil Aëronautics.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between August 1, 1936, and May 31, 1937

1937 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-702
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Executive Order

As in previous lists, mention is here made only of units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order under general authority vested in him.Advisory Committee of the Coast Guard Academy. Created by Public No. 38, 75th Congress, approved April 16, 1937, to examine the course of instruction and to advise the Secretary of the Treasury in regard thereto. Committee will consist of five “persons of distinction in the field of education,” who shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury and who shall serve without pay, but who shall be reimbursed for actual expenses of travel.

Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick? Veterans in the Political Elite and the American Use of Force

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gelpi ◽  
Peter D. Feaver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Militarized Disputes ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Other research has shown (1) that civilians and the military differ in their views about when and how to use military force; (2) that the opinions of veterans track more closely with military officers than with civilians who never served in the military; and (3) that U.S. civil–military relations shaped Cold War policy debates. We assess whether this opinion gap “matters” for the actual conduct of American foreign policy. We examine the impact of the presence of veterans in the U.S. political elite on the propensity to initiate and escalate militarized interstate disputes between 1816 and 1992. As the percentage of veterans serving in the executive branch and the legislature increases, the probability that the United States will initiate militarized disputes declines. Once a dispute has been initiated, however, the higher the proportion of veterans, the greater the level of force the United States will use in the dispute.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between June 1 and July 15, 1938

1938 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-935
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Interstate Commerce Commission ◽  
Interstate Commerce ◽  
Department Of Commerce

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.Air Commerce Bureau, Department of Commerce. Duties transferred to Civil Aëronautics Authority by Civil Aëronautics Act of 1938 (Public Act No. 706, 75th Congress), approved June 23, 1938.Air Mail Bureau, Interstate Commerce Commission. Duties transferred to Civil Aëronautics Authority by Civil Aëronautics Act of 1938 (Public Act No. 706, 75th Congress), approved June 23, 1938.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between April 1 and July 15, 1941

1941 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-924
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order or reorganization plans under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between July 16,1938, and April 25, 1939

1939 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-455
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between October 15, 1935, and April 15, 1936

1936 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-548
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Executive Order

As in previous lists, mention is here made only of units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order under general authority vested in him.Board of Survey and Maps. This board, which is composed entirely of representatives of government agencies, was originally created by Executive Order No. 3206 of December 30, 1919. Various changes in membership have been made by subsequent orders. Executive Order No. 7262 of January 4, 1936, again defines its membership, which consists of representatives of 24 agencies.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between April 26 and May 31, 1939

1939 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-653
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Executive Order

As in previous lists, mention is here confined generally to units specifically authorized by law or established by the President by executive order or Reorganization Plans under general authority vested in him. Changes in units created by heads of departments or independent establishments are excluded unless of major importance.

Organization of the Executive Branch of the National Government of the United States: Changes between December 15, 1934, and June 16, 1935

1935 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-636
Author(s):  
L. F. Schmeckebier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
National Government ◽  
Supplementary List

In the December, 1933, issue of this Review, pp. 942–955, appeared a tabular review of the changes in major units of the national government between March 4 and November 1, 1933. In the April, 1934, issue, pp. 250–254, appeared a supplementary list showing the changes between November 1,1933 and March 1,1934. In the October, 1934, issue, pp. 872–874, a second supplementary list showed the changes between March 1 and June 30, 1934; and a third supplementary list in the February, 1935, issue showed changes between June 30 and December 15, 1934. The present list indicates the reorganization effected and new units created between December 15, 1934, and June 16, 1935. As in previous lists, mention is made of units only specifically authorized by law or established by the President under general authority vested in him.

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