Environmental Limits on Aboveground Net Primary Production, Leaf Area, and Biomass in Vegetation Zones of the Pacific Northwest

Ecology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Gholz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Environmental Limits

Aboveground organic matter and production of a montane forest on the eastern slopes of the Washington Cascade Range

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stith T. Gower ◽  
Charles C. Grier
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Mixed Conifer Forest

Aboveground biomass and production were determined for a 70-year-old mixed conifer forest of western larch (Larixoccidentalis Nutt.), lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) on the eastern slopes of the Cascade Range in Washington state. Live aboveground biomass, projected leaf area, and aboveground net primary production for the mixed conifer forest were 194 Mg•ha−1, 4.2 m−2•m−2, and 6.1 Mg•ha−1•year−1, respectively. Based on the few studies of montane forests on the eastern slope of the Cascades, aboveground biomass, leaf area index, and aboveground net primary production of these forests are more similar to those of montane coniferous forests in the Rocky Mountains than to those of similar forests located on the western slopes of the Cascades.

Aboveground production and canopy dynamics in sugar maple and red oak trees in southwestern Wisconsin

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1533-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. Chapman ◽  
Stith T. Gower
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽  
Maintenance Respiration ◽  
Aboveground Production

Aboveground net primary production, canopy allometry, growth efficiency, and sapwood volume were compared for early- to mid-successional red oak (Quercusrubra L.) and late-successional sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.) co-occurring in young and mature natural stands in southwestern Wisconsin. For similar-diameter trees, shade-tolerant sugar maple supported a significantly greater (p < 0.05) stem, branch, and foliage biomass and leaf area than mid-tolerant red oak. Red oak and sugar maple had similar stem net primary production rates over a 5-year period (1984–1988), but sugar maple had a significantly greater total aboveground net primary production than similar-diameter red oak. However, red oak had a significantly greater (p < 0.0001) growth efficiency (stem net primary production per unit of leaf area) than sugar maple. The significantly greater sapwood volume, but equal stem volume, of sugar maple versus red oak suggests that annual stem maintenance respiration costs may be greater for sugar maple than for red oak. Possible causes for differences in stem net primary production and growth efficiency between early- and late-successional tree species are discussed.

Estimation of forest Leaf Area Index using remote sensing and GIS data for modelling net primary production

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 3459-3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Franklin ◽  
M. B. Lavigne ◽  
M. J. Deuling ◽  
M. A. Wulder ◽  
E. R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Gis Data

scholarly journals Above-Ground Net Primary Production, Leaf Area Index, and Nitrogen Dynamics in Early Post-Fire Vegetation, Yellowstone National Park

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Monica Turner ◽  
Rebecca Reed ◽  
William Romme ◽  
Mary Finley ◽  
Dennis Knight
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Area Index

The 1988 fires in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming, affected >250,000 ha, creating a striking mosaic of burn severities across the landscape which is likely to influence ecological processes for decades to come (Christensen et al. 1989, Knight and Wallace 1989, Turner et al.1994). Substantial spatial heterogeneity in early post-fire succession has been observed in the decade since the fires, resulting largely from spatial variation in fire severity and in the availability of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) seeds in or near the burned area (Anderson and Romme 1991, Tinker et al. 1994, Turner et al. 1997). Post­fire vegetation now includes pine stands ranging from relatively low to extremely high pine sapling density (ca 10,000 to nearly 100,000 stems ha-1) as well as non-forest or marginally forested vegetation across the Yellowstone landscape may influence ecosystem processes related to energy flow and biogeochemisty. We also are interested in how quickly these processes may return to their pre­ disturbance characteristics. In this pilot study, we began to address these general questions by examining the variation in above-ground net primary production (ANPP), leaf area index (LAI) of tree (lodgepole pine) and herbaceous components, and rates of nitrogen mineralization and loss in successional stands 9 years after the fires. ANPP measures the cumulative new biomass generated over a given period of time, and is a fundamental ecosystem property often used to compare ecosystems (Carpenter 1998). Leaf area (typically expressed as leaf area index [LAI], i.e., leaf area per unit ground surface area) influences rates of two fundamental ecosystem processes -­ primary productivity and transpiration -- and is communities (

scholarly journals Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Characterize Peatland Microtopography and Assess Tree Growth Responses to Elevated Temperature and CO2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake D. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Northern Peatlands

Northern peatlands are a major terrestrial carbon (C) store, with an annual sink of 0.1 Pg C yr-1 and a total storage estimate of 547 Pg C. Northern peatlands are also major contributors of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The microtopography of peatlands helps modulate peatland carbon fluxes; however, there is a lack of quantitative characterizations of microtopography in the literature. The lack of formalized schemes to characterize microtopography makes comparisons between studies difficult. Further, many land surface models do not accurately simulate peatland C emissions, in part because they do not adequately represent peatland microtopography and hydrology. The C balance of peatlands is determined by differences in C influxes and effluxes, with the largest being net primary production and heterotrophic respiration, respectively. Tree net primary production at a treed bog in northern Minnesota represented about 13% of C inputs to the peatland, and marks tree aboveground net primary production (ANPP) as an important pathway for C to enter peatlands. Tree species Picea mariana (Black spruce) and Larix Laricina (Tamarack) are typically found in wooded peatlands in North America, and are widely distributed in the North American boreal zone. Therefore, understanding how these species will respond to environmental change is needed to make predictions of peatland C budgets in the future. As the climate warms, peatlands are expected to increase C release to the atmosphere, resulting in a positive feedback loop. Further, climate warming is expected to occur faster in northern latitudes compared to the rest of the globe. The Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE; https://mnspruce.ornl.gov/) manipulates temperature and CO2 concentrations to evaluate the in-situ response of a peatland to environmental change and is located in Minnesota, USA. In this dissertation, I documented surface roughness metrics for peatland microtopography in SPRUCE plots and developed three explicit methods for classifying frequently used microtopographic classes (microforms) for different scientific applications. Subsequently I used one of these characterizations to perform a sensitivity analysis and improve the parameterization of microtopography in a land surface model that was calibrated at the SPRUCE site. The modeled outputs of C from the analyses ranged from 0.8-34.8% when microtopographical parameters were allowed to vary within observed ranges. Further, C related outputs when using our data-driven parameterization differed from outputs when using the default parameterization by -7.9 - 12.2%. Finally, I utilized TLS point clouds to assess the effect elevated temperature and CO2 concentrations had on P. mariana and L. laricina after the first four years of SPRUCE treatments. I observed that P. mariana growth (aboveground net primary production) had a negative response to temperature initially, but the relationship became less pronounced through time. Conversely, L. laricina had no growth response to temperature initially, but developed a positive relationship through time. The divergent growth responses of P. mariana and L. laricina resulted in no detectable change in aboveground net primary production at the community level. Results from this dissertation help improve how peatland microtopography is represented, and improves understanding of how peatland tree growth will respond to environmental change in the future.

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