Regulation of Fruit Maturation Pattern in an Annual Legume, Cassia Fasciculata

Ecology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Lee ◽  
F. A. Bazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Cassia Fasciculata

Erwinia amylovora can pass through the abscission layer of fruit-bearing twigs and invade apple fruit during fruit maturation

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Azegami ◽  
Takanori Tsukamoto ◽  
Takayuki Matsuura ◽  
Yasuhiro Inoue ◽  
Hiroshi Uematsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Abscission Layer ◽  
Pass Through

Integrative Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis During Fruit Maturation In Chinese Raspberry “Rubus Chingii Hu”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobai Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Jingyong Jiang ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Aaron Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Flavonoid Composition ◽  
Rubus Chingii ◽  
Rubus Chingii Hu ◽  
Anthocyanin Production ◽  
Low Expression

Abstract Rubus chingii, is a red-fruited species of Rubus native to China, which is a popular and nutritious fruit in China. However, change in flavonoid composition and content during fruit maturation is poorly understood. This study examined flavonoids and the genes/proteins during four fruit ripening phases using LC-MS/MS. As a result, six major kinds of anthocyanins were first identified in R. chingii, which primarily consisted of flavanol-anthocyanins, are new to Rubus. Apart from anthocyanins, concentrations of fruit flavonoids were much higher than most berries including raspberries, and it is this that contributes to their high phenolic concentrations and antioxidant capabilities. In contrast to other known raspberries, R. chingii had a decline in flavonoids during fruit maturation, which was due to down-regulation of genes/proteins involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Surprisingly, anthocyanin continuously decreased during fruit coloration. This suggests that anthocyanins are not responsible for the fruit’s reddish coloration. The biosynthesis of these flavanol-anthocyanins consumed two flavonoid units both produced through the same upstream pathway. Their presence indicates a reduction in the potential biosynthesis of anthocyanin production. Also, the constantly low expression of RcANS gene down-regulated overall anthocyanin biosynthesis. The lack of RcF3’5’H gene/protein hindered the production of delphinidin glycosides. Flavonoids primarily comprising of quercetin/kaempferol-glycosides were predominately located at fruit epidermal-hair and placentae. The profile and biosynthesis of R. chingii flavonoids are unique to Rubus. It could be used to broaden the genetic base of raspberry cultivars and to improve their fruit quality.

scholarly journals Nickel Effect on Pomegranate Cracking, Nutrient Concentrations, and Biochemical Parameters of Pomegranate Peel

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677-1682
Author(s):  
Olga Dichala ◽  
Ioannis Therios ◽  
Magdalene Koukourikou-Petridou ◽  
Aristotelis Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Pomegranate Peel

A field experiment was conducted in a pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) orchard of the well-known cultivars Wonderful and Acco, located in the farm of Aristotle University. The trees were sprayed, every 15 days from flowering (April) to fruit maturation (September), with solutions containing 0, 25, 50, 100 μm Ni, and 100 μm Ni + 100 μm B prepared with Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and boric acid. Leaves and fully ripe fruits were initially sorted into cracked and uncracked ones, then further separated into peel and seeds, sampled, and analyzed. Nickel sprays were effective in controlling fruit splitting as well as Ca and Mg concentration of fruit peels. The correlation between cracking level and Ni concentration in solution was linear and negative. Cracking percentage with 50 μm Ni was lower in ‘Wonderful’, whereas no difference was recorded between the cultivars in the remaining treatments. Leaves had the smallest Ni concentration compared with fruit peel and seeds. Calcium concentration of pomegranate peels was higher than that of control peel at 50 μm Ni in ‘Wonderful’. Concerning ‘Acco’, the treatments 25 μm Ni, 50 μm Ni, and 100 μm Ni + 100 μm B reduced Ca concentration, compared with control. ‘Wonderful’ fruit peel contained more phenolics than ‘Acco’. The treatments 25, 50, and 100 μm Ni increased significantly the flavonoid concentration of fruit peels. The antioxidant capacity ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) was linearly increased with Ni concentration in solution in ‘Wonderful’, whereas in ‘Acco’ it decreased at 25 and 50 μm Ni. Our data indicates that improving Ni nutrition of pomegranate can potentially reduce crop loss due to cracking and modified phenol and flavonoid concentration and FRAP value of fruit peel.

scholarly journals Use of Chlorella sp. for coating ‘tommy atkins’ mango fruits stored under refrigeration

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agda Malany Forte de Oliveira ◽  
Railene Hérica Carlos Rocha ◽  
Wellinghton Alves Guedes ◽  
George Alves Dias ◽  
José Franciraldo de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The number of studies on edible coatings that are used for extending the shelf life of fruits has steadily increased. For this purpose, it is necessary to choose raw materials with characteristics that maintain product quality. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of coatings of Chlorella sp. on the post-harvest conservation of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango fruits. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design, and spray treatments (T) with 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 4% of Chlorella sp. were applied to the fruits. After the treatments, the fruits were stored for 28 days (21 days at 10 °C and 42% relative humidity and 7 days at 25 °C and 42% relative humidity), and were analyzed on day 28. There was higher pulp firmness in fruits as the concentration of Chlorella sp. was increased, and the concentration of ascorbic acid was comparatively higher (22.17%) in fruits treated with 3% Chlorella sp. The percentage of soluble solids and the soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were decreased as the coating concentrations were decreased. The use of Chlorella sp. at 1% and 2% allowed fruit maturation without compromising fruit quality attributes during the 28-day storage period.

scholarly journals COMPORTAMENTO FENOLÓGICO DE Emmotum nitens (Benth.) Miers (METTENIUSACEAE) EM FRAGMENTO DE CERRADÃO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Patrícia Oliveira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Circular Statistic ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Continuous Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Events

Emmotum nitens é uma espécie bem conhecida em termos de florística e fitossociologia, entretanto, há poucos trabalhos que tratam-se de sua fenologia. Este estudo buscou avaliar a fenologia reprodutiva de uma população de E. nitens no Município de Rio Verde, Goiás. Observou-se mensalmente as fenofases reprodutivas (botão, antese, fruto imaturo e maduro) de 15 indivíduos. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se o método de Fournier e presença/ausência, e para analisar os mesmos utilizou-se a estatística circular e correlação com as variáveis meteorológicas (temperatura e precipitação). E. nitens produziu botões e flores de modo irregular ao longo do estudo, no entanto se correlacionaram positivamente com a temperatura. Durante todo estudo registrou-se frutos imaturos, embora as maiores concentrações ocorreram na transição do período seco-chuvoso e durante as chuvas, correlacionando-se positivamente com a precipitação. A maturação dos frutos iniciou-se no final da estação das chuvas, com maiores intensidades no período seco. Para E. nitens é mais vantajoso apresentar reprodução continua já que a mesma não é fortemente limitada pelas variáveis climáticas da área de estudo, do que seguir um padrão sazonal.Palavra-chave: fenologia, espécie de cerrado, eventos reprodutivos, correlação com metereologia. PHENOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF EMMOTUM NITENS (BENTH.) MIERS (METTENIUSACEAE) ON CERRADÃO FRAGMENT ABSTRACT:Emmotum nitens is a well-known species in terms of floristic and phytosociology, however, there are few studies that deal with its phenology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive phenology of a population of E. nitens in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás. The reproductive phenomena (flower bud, anthesis, immature fruit and ripe fruit) were observed monthly in 15 individuals. Fournier method and presence/absence were used to collect the data, and to analyze them, the circular statistic and correlation with the meteorological variables (temperature and precipitation) were used. E. nitens produced flower bud and flowers irregularly throughout the study, however they correlated positively with temperature. During the whole study immature fruits were recorded, although the highest concentrations occurred in the transition from the dry-rainy season and during the rains, correlating positively with the precipitation. Fruit maturation began at the end of the rainy season, with higher intensities in the dry season. For E. nitens it is more advantageous to present continuous reproduction since it is not strongly limited by the climatic variables of the study area, rather than following a seasonal pattern.Keywords: phenology, species of cerrado, reproductive events, correlation with meteorology. DOI:

scholarly journals Correlating light absorbance parameters in peach skin with susceptibility to streaking and association with rainwater components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Schmitz ◽  
Guido Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Light Absorbance

Since first observed in 2003, peach skin streaking (PSS) has increasingly affected fruit production in the Southeast. Since 2017 we have documented the occurrence of peach skin streaking on 21 cultivars in South Carolina and symptoms have also been reported in Maryland and Pennsylvania. PSS seems to be linked to an unidentified causal agent mediated in rainwater with susceptibility closely related to the ripening status of maturing fruit. Over the course of the 2019 peach growing season, we collected rainwater at a South Carolina peach farm with a history of PSS and analyzed samples for chemical and physical property. Five cultivars were monitored for occurrence of PSS to associate specific rain events with symptom development in the field. PSS was observed in the field on one of the monitored and three additional cultivars between May and June, and five rain events coincided in time with symptom development. However, chemical, and physical properties from these rainwater samples were not significantly different from samples not associated with PSS in that time frame. Fruit of the five cultivars were also collected at 21, 14, 7 and 0 days before harvest, to determine light absorbance parameters, ΔA and color space, and to induce symptoms under laboratory conditions by treatment with ClO2. There were significant correlations between symptom development and light absorbance parameters illustrating how proneness to PSS increases during fruit maturation.

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