Association of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Hyphae with Soil Organic Particles

Ecology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. St. John ◽  
D. C. Coleman ◽  
C. P. P. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Mycorrhizal Hyphae

Fungal hyphae and structural stability of soil

Soil Research ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
Mycorrhizal Hyphae

This review describes the possible mechanisms by which fungal hyphae, especially those of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VA) fungi, bind microaggregates of soil (<0.25 mm diameter) into stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm), and suggests a model of the formation of a stable macroaggregate by fungal hyphae. Factors which affect the growth of VA mycorrhizal hyphae in soil and their production of extracellular polysaccharides are discussed in relation to stable macroaggregates. The interactions between clay particles and hyphae are described. The review suggests areas of future research on stabilization of aggregates by VA mycorrhizal hyphae.

Stabilization of soil aggregates by the root systems of ryegrass

Soil Research ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Tisdall ◽  
JM Oades
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhizal Hyphae

The root system of ryegrass was more efficient than that of white clover in stabilizing aggregates of Lemnos loam because ryegrass supported a larger population of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae in the soil. Electron micrographs show that the hyphae were covered with a layer of amorphous material, probably polysaccharide, to which clay particles appear firmly attached.

scholarly journals NUTRIENT TRANSFER BETWEEN PLANTS THROUGH MYCORRHIZAL HYPHAE

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065a-1065
Author(s):  
Gábor J. Bethlenfalvay
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
N Content ◽  
P Content ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
N Fluxes ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Mycorrhizal Hyphae

Soybean (Glycine ma × (L.) Merr.) and corn (Zea mays L.) plants were colonized by vesicular—arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and grown under controlled conditions. Three-part growth containers were used which separated the roots of N-donor (soybean) and N-receiver (corn) plants by screens (40 μm), permeable to VAM hyphae but not to roots. Significant, two-way nutrient transport occurred between plants connected only by the hyphae across a root-free soil bridge. Corn, when associated with nonnodulated, N-fertilized soybean, increased 19% in biomass and 67% in N content relative to similar, but N-deficient associations. Associated with nodulated soybean, there was a 16% decline in P content and a 22% increase in N content in corn. There was a large increase in N transport to the soil (VAM spores and soil mycelia) by the N-fertilized soybeans. If such nutrient fluxes between plants are controlled by source-sink effects, high N concentrations in soybean could account for the N fluxes to corn, and high module P requirement for the reverse flux of P. The results are of consequence for intercrop situations, especially under small-scale management conditions.

Ingestion of Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizal Hyphae and Spores by Soil Microarthropods

Ecology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1979-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Moore ◽  
T. V. St. John ◽  
D. C. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Microarthropods ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhizal Hyphae

Occurrence of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Alberta, Canada

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Boyetchko ◽  
J. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Glomus Aggregatum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Spore Walls ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Three V A mycorrhizal fungal species were isolated from soils in Alberta, Canada and examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Mature spores of Glomus aggregatum developed an outer hyaline wall which contained lower levels of calcium than the middle wall. Examination of G. pansihalos spores revealed a lower level of calcium in the outer evanescent wall as compared to the ornamented wall. When spores of Entrophospora infrequens were examined, the wall of the vesicle was found to contain similar levels of calcium as the ornamented wall of the spore. The significance of the results concerning the presence of calcium in mycorrhizal spore walls is discussed, as is the occurrence of the mycorrhizal species.

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