Ecological Significance of the Shapes of Abundance-Frequency Distributions for Coexisting Phytoplankton Species

Ecology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 850-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Frequency Distributions

scholarly journals Prey fractionation in the Archaeocyatha and its implication for the ecology of the first animal reef systems

Paleobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Antcliffe ◽  
William Jessop ◽  
Allison C. Daley
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Reef Communities ◽  
Modern Reef

AbstractArchaeocyaths are the most abundant sponges from the Cambrian period, having formed the first animal reef communities more than 500 million years ago. The Archaeocyatha are index fossils for correlating rocks of similar ages globally because of their abundance, extensive geographic distribution, detailed anatomy, and well-established taxonomy. Their ecological significance remains incompletely explored, yet they are known to have strongly competitively interacted, unlike modern sponges. This study examines the feeding ecology of the fossil remains of Siberian archaeocyath assemblages. As suspension feeders, archaeocyaths filtered plankton from the water column through pores in their outer wall. Here we outline a new method to estimate the limit on the upper size of plankton that could be consumed by an archaeocyath during life. The archaeocyaths examined were predominantly feeding on nanoplankton and microplankton such as phytoplankton and protozooplankton. Size-frequency distributions of pore sizes from six different Siberian archaeocyath assemblages, ranging from Tommotian to Botoman in age, reveal significantly different upper limits to the prey consumed at each locality. Some of the assemblages contain specimens that could have fed on larger organisms extending into the mesoplankton, including micro-invertebrates as a possible food resource. These results show that during the establishment of the first animal reef systems, prey partitioning was established as a way of reducing competition. This method has applicability for understanding the construction and the functioning of the first reef systems, as well as helping to understand modern reef systems and their development though time and space.

ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PHEROMONES

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Nondira Khondhodjayeva ◽  
◽  
Nurmamat Rajabov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Definition Of

This article reveals the essence of the concept of "pheromones" and their biological significance. In the article variants of their application in agriculture for struggle against insects-pests are presented. The definition of term and classification of pheromones and their types are given: feromons of insects, feromons of fish, feromons of vertebrates, feromons of humans, fermons of plants, sexual feromons, anxiety feromons, trace feromons, epidemic feromons and their functions and significance for the representative's organism and the environment as a whole

PALAEO-ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PALAEOCENE CALCAREOUS ALGAE FROM THE CAUVERY BASIN, INDIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
South India ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Calcareous Algae ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Cauvery Basin ◽  
Ecological Information

Palaeocene limestone of the Ninniyur Formation of the Cauvery Basin contains abundant well-preserved calcareous algae. These various types of calcareous algal seem to be controlled by the characteristics of each type environments in which they developed and thus they provide useful palaeo-ecological information of the Ninniyur Formation. The distribution patterns of these groups of calcareous algae, extending from tidal flat to reefal environments have been observed in the Palaeocene of the Ninniyur Formation, Cauvery Basin South India. Key words: Ninniyur formation, Calcareous algae, Palaeoecology. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Dose-Related Toxicity of Copper and Cadmium in Striped Bass Larvae from the Chesapeake Bay: Field Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spawning Tributaries

Copper and cadmium monitoring in Chesapeake Bay sediments indicates that metal contamination exists in nursery areas for striped bass (Moronesaxatilis), which has been in serious decline over the last 17 years. Whole water metal concentrations in one spawning river were within an order of magnitude of published acutely toxic concentrations. Larval striped bass were exposed in the laboratory to copper and cadmium concentrations which were acutely toxic over a 96h period (24 and 19 µg L−1, respectively), and to sub-lethal concentrations of these metals over a three week period. Larvae from acutely toxic metal treatments, sub-lethal metal concentrations and control tanks were analyzed for cadmium and copper and the frequency distribution of metal body burdens was compared with field data. The distribution of copper concentrations in laboratory-exposed larvae was completely within the range of field specimens, and there was considerable overlap in cadmium frequency distributions from laboratory and field larvae. These results together with other published data suggest that environmental metal concentrations in some spawning tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay may pose a threat to striped bass, and the suggestion is made that greater efforts should be made to link laboratory and field toxicological data.

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