Season of Birth in Man. Contemporary Situation with Special Reference to Europe and the Southern Hemisphere

Ecology ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula M. Cowgill
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Contemporary Situation

Puberty in the Merino ewe with special reference to the influence of season of birth upon its occurrence

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Watson ◽  
LC Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Season Of Birth

Observations were made on the occurrence of mating and lambing in Merino ewes of three groups born in the spring, summer, and winter respectively. The lambs ware weaned at 13½–14½ weeks of age, and joined with rams within the following 2 weeks, some with fertile rams, others with vasectomized rams. Thereafter they ran with rams continuously or until lambing occurred. With few exceptions the first oestrus occurred between late November and May (summer and autumn), and the first conception between November and June. Of the ewes born in the spring, summer, and winter, 78, 100, and 95% respectively exhibited oestrus, and 63, 95, and 80% respectively conceived during the first spring, summer, and autumn following birth. All of the remainder experienced oestrus and all except one conceived during the same period in the following year. Both the age and the body weight of the ewes when oestrus and when conception first occurred varied widely. Both were least in the animals born in the spring and greatest in the animals born in the summer. The sexual season was shorter in the young ewes than it was in mature ewes. Further, the first sexual season of the youngest ewes at the time (those born in the spring) was only one-third of the length of the second sexual season or of the first sexual season of the ewes of the other two groups. There was little delay between the first opportunity to conceive and conception. However, among the ewes which mated youngest the proportion which lambed was lower than that in the other young ewes, which in turn was lower than in mature ewes. In addition, the gestation period in at least half of the ewes which lambed 3 youngest was substantially longer than it was in all except a very few of the other ewes

The genusMycoblastusin the cool temperate Southern Hemisphere, with special reference to Tasmania

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras KANTVILAS
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Campbell Island ◽  
South Eastern Australia

AbstractThe genusMycoblastusin cool temperate latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere is reviewed. Eight species are treated in detail:M. bryophilusImshaug ex Kantvilas sp. nov., from Campbell Island and Tasmania;M. campbellianus(Nyl.) Zahlbr.,M. coniophorus(Elix & A.W. Archer) Kantvilas & Elix comb. nov. andM. dissimulans(Nyl.) Zahlbr., all widespread across the austral region;M. disporus(C. Knight) Kantvilas comb. nov., from New Zealand and Tasmania;M. kalioruberKantvilas sp. nov, from Tasmania;M. sanguinarioidesKantvilas sp. nov., from Tasmania and south-eastern Australia; andM. leprarioidesKantvilas & Elix sp. nov., from south-eastern Australia (Victoria). Notes are provided on many other species ofMycoblastus, including those recognised for the Northern Hemisphere, and those originally described from austral regions but now excluded from the genus. Major characters of the genus are discussed, including thallus morphology and chemistry, apothecial pigments and ascus structure. It is suggested that the genus is heterogeneous and that some of its closest affinities may lie with the familyMegalariaceaeand the genusJapewia.

No season-of-birth effect in schizophrenic patients from a tropical island in the Southern Hemisphere

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry d'Amato ◽  
Jean-Michel Guillaud-Bataille ◽  
Thierry Rochet ◽  
Maurice Jay ◽  
Catherine Mercier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Season of Birth and Schizophrenia: Southern Hemisphere Data

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berk ◽  
Martin John Terre-Blanche ◽  
Catherine Maude ◽  
Marilyn Doreen Lucas ◽  
Michaela Mendelsohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Objective: The association between winter birth and increased incidence of schizophrenia is well documented in the northern hemisphere. The present study examined season of birth and schizophrenia in a southern hemisphere population from a mild temperate climate. Method: The seasonal incidence of birth in schizophrenic patients was compared, using Chi-squared tests, to normative population birth rates. Results: A statistically significant seasonal pattern, with a peak in late spring and early summer, was obtained. Conclusion: This supports northern hemisphere findings regarding calendar month, but not season, of excess schizophrenic births. This has implications for viral and other aetiological hypotheses dependent on meteorological factors.

Schizophrenia and Season of Birth: Further Southern Hemisphere Studies

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Equatorial Region ◽  
Season Of Birth

Studies in the northern hemisphere and an equatorial region have suggested that schizophrenics have a greater likelihood of being born in the coldest three months of the year. Two further southern hemisphere studies, performed in New Zealand and Tasmania, are reported in this paper. Results from these and other studies suggest that support for a link between schizophrenia and winter birth in the southern hemisphere is slight and inconsistent.

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