The Climax Forest Community in Itasca County, Minnesota, and Its Bearing upon the Successional Status of the Pine Community

Ecology ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin L. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Forest Community ◽  
Successional Status ◽  
Climax Forest

A Late Triassic vegetation record from the Huangshanjie Formation, Junggar Basin, China: possible evidence for the Carnian Pluvial Episode

2021 ◽  
pp. SP521-2021-151
Author(s):  
Jungang Peng ◽  
Sam M. Slater ◽  
Vivi Vajda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Vegetation And Climate ◽  
Climax Forest

AbstractThe Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE; ∼234‒232 million years ago) is characterized by an accelerated hydrological cycle, global warming and a period of elevated biotic turnover. Using spores and pollen, we reconstruct vegetation and climate changes through a Carnian‒Norian (Upper Triassic) interval of the Huangshanjie Formation from the Junggar Basin, China. Four palynofloras were identified, representing distinct vegetation communities. Among these palynofloras, we observed a prominent shift from a conifer-dominated climax forest community, with common ginkgophytes and bennettites, to a fern-dominated community, suggestive of an environmental perturbation. We interpret this change as a regional shift in vegetation, likely caused by increased humidity, consistent with the CPE. Our records represent the first indication of a possible CPE-induced vegetation response in the Junggar Basin and highlight how this event likely affected floral communities of inland Laurasia.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5738637

CRITIQUE OF SOME VEGETATIONAL CONCEPTS AS APPLIED TO FORESTS OF NORTHWESTERN ALBERTA

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Forest Community ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Ecological Concepts ◽  
Climax Forest

The application, by R. Plochmann, of certain European silvicultural and ecological concepts in the study and description of forests of northwestern Alberta is examined. His ideas of unidirectional succession to the single climax forest are criticized on the grounds that concepts such as succession and climax must always be related to specific terrain. Every forest community, and indeed every vegetational community, is the botanical part of a unique geographic ecosystem which gives it meaning, and it is neglect of the geographic framework which has led to the false assumptions that forest communities can be studied as things-in-themselves, and that vegetational concepts derived in one region can be transplanted unchanged to others.

scholarly journals Press-Pulse Odocoileus Virginianus Herbivory in Relict Tsuga Canadensis Stands in the Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Grace L. Parikh ◽  
Christopher R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Tsuga Canadensis ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Upper Peninsula ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Substantial Decline ◽  
Upper Peninsula Of Michigan

Ungulate herbivory occurring within a forest plant community’s natural range of variation may help maintain species diversity. However, acute or chronically elevated levels of herbivory can produce dramatic changes in forest communities. For example, chronically high levels of herbivory by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman) in regions of historically low abundance at northern latitudes have dramatically altered forest community composition. In eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L. Carrière) stands where deer aggregate during winter, high deer use has been associated with a shift towards deciduous species (i.e., maples [Acer spp.]) dominating the regeneration layer. Especially harsh winters can lead to deer population declines, which could facilitate regeneration of species that have been suppressed by browsing, such as hemlock. To enhance our understanding of how fluctuations in herbivory influence regeneration dynamics, we surveyed regeneration and deer use in 15 relict hemlock stands in the western Upper Peninsula of Michigan in 2007 and again in 2015. With the exception of small seedlings (0.04–0.24 m height), primarily maples whose abundance increased significantly (p < 0.05), we observed widespread significant declines (p < 0.05) in the abundance of medium (0.25 ≤ 1.4 m height) and large regeneration (>1.4 m tall ≤ 4 cm diameter at breast height) over the study period. Midway through our study period, the region experienced a high severity winter (i.e., “polar vortex”) which resulted in a substantial decline in the white-tailed deer population. Given the dominance of maples and dearth of hemlock in the seedling layer, the decline in the deer population may fail to forestall or possibly hasten the trend towards maple dominance of the regeneration layer as these stands recover from pulses of acute herbivory associated with high-severity winters and the press of chronically high herbivory that precedes them.

Improving the ability of a BACI design to detect impacts within a kelp‐forest community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rassweiler ◽  
Daniel K. Okamoto ◽  
Daniel C. Reed ◽  
David J. Kushner ◽  
Donna M. Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Baci Design

Spatial associations among major tree species in a cool-temperate forest community under heterogeneous topography and canopy conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Torimaru ◽  
Shinji Akada ◽  
Kiyoshi Ishida ◽  
Shuichi Matsuda ◽  
Machiko Narita
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Cool Temperate Forest
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