Economies of Scale Versus Technological Change in the Natural Gas Transmission Industry

1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varouj A. Aivazian ◽  
Jeffrey L. Callen ◽  
M. W. Luke Chan ◽  
Dean C. Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission

Stress Analysis of a Gas Pipeline Installed Using HDD and Auger Bore Techniques

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cousens ◽  
Chas Jandu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Transmission Network ◽  
Storage Facility ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission

As part of an important project to reinforce the natural gas transmission network, a new pipeline has been constructed to transport natural gas from a major UK LNG storage facility into the national transmission system. The project involved the installation of several sections by trenchless methods, namely auger boring for a number of road crossings and significant lengths of horizontal directional drilling (HDD) beneath railroads, canals and marshland. The installation of pipelines using trenchless techniques such as HDD continues to increase in popularity. The various methods available offer advantages over traditional open cut techniques, in particular much reduced disruption during the construction of road and rail crossings. Furthermore, increased awareness and responsibility towards the environment leads us to seek installation methods that cause the least disruption at the surface and have the least impact to the environment. It was required to assess the proposed crossing designs against acceptable stress limits set out in company specifications and against the requirements of UK design code IGE/TD/1 Edition 4 [1], which requires that ‘additional loads’ such as soil loadings, thermal loads, settlement and traffic loading are accounted for within the stress calculations. However, it does not stipulate the sources of such equations and the pipeline engineer must rely on other methods and published sources of information. This paper presents the method used to analyse those sections of the new pipeline installed by auger boring and HDD focusing on the methods and formulae used to calculate the stresses in the pipeline from all loading sources.

scholarly journals Data Analysis and Model Validation of Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline With Compressor Station

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission ◽  
Transmission Pipeline

Abstract Data from the DCS systems provides important information about the performance and transportation efficiency of a gas pipeline with compressor stations. The pipeline performance data provides correction factors for compressors as part of the operation optimization of natural gas transmission pipelines. This paper presents methods, procedure, and a real life example of model validation based performance analysis of gas pipeline. Statistic methods are demonstrated with real gas pipeline measurement data. The methods offer practical ways to validate the pipeline hydraulics model using the DCS data. The validated models are then used as performance analysis tools in evaluating the fundamental physical parameters and assessing the pipeline hydraulics conditions for potential issues influencing pressure drops in the pipeline such as corrosion (ID change), roughness changes, or BSW deposition.

scholarly journals Numerical Monitoring of Natural Gas Distribution Discrepancy Using CFD Simulator

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim E. Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Identification Problem ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission ◽  
Minimum Discrepancy ◽  
Gas Supply

The paper describes a new method for numerical monitoring of discrepancies in natural gas supply to consumers, who receive gas from gas distribution loops. This method serves to resolve the vital problem of commercial natural gas accounting under the conditions of deficient field measurements of gas supply volumes. Numerical monitoring makes it possible to obtain computational estimates of actual gas deliveries over given time spans and to estimate their difference from corresponding values reported by gas consumers. Such estimation is performed using a computational fluid dynamics simulator of gas flows in the gas distribution system of interest. Numerical monitoring of the discrepancy is based on a statement and numerical solution of identification problem of a physically proved gas dynamics mode of natural gas transmission through specified gas distribution networks. The identified mode parameters should have a minimum discrepancy with field measurements of gas transport at specified reference points of the simulated pipeline network.

Security-Constrained Unit Commitment With Natural Gas Transmission Constraints

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1523-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Liu ◽  
M. Shahidehpour ◽  
Yong Fu ◽  
Zuyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission ◽  
Transmission Constraints
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