A New Approach to the Nash Bargaining Problem

Econometrica ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Brito ◽  
A. M. Buoncristiani ◽  
M. D. Intriligator
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Problem ◽  
Nash Bargaining ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Nash Bargaining Problem

LEARNING BARGAINING CONVENTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vanderschraaf
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Inductive Learning ◽  
Fair Division ◽  
Bargaining Problem ◽  
Nash Bargaining ◽  
Division Problems ◽  
Egalitarian Solution ◽  
Bargaining Problems ◽  
Nash Bargaining Problem ◽  
Interpersonal Utility Comparisons

Abstract:I examine from a conventionalist perspective the Nash bargaining problem that philosophers use as a tool for analyzing fair division. From this perspective, the solutions to bargaining problems are conventions that can emerge from inductive learning and focal point effects. I contrast the conventionalist approach to analyzing the bargaining problem with the better-known rational choice approach, which I criticize for having overly demanding epistemic presuppositions and for producing disappointing results. I apply a simple model of inductive learning to specific bargaining problems to show that agents can learn from repeated experience to follow a variety of bargaining conventions in a given problem. I conclude that such agents can come to regard two such conventions as focal for the bargaining problem, one that assigns claimants equal shares of a good and another egalitarian solution of equal payoff gains, and that the egalitarian solution tends to prevail when these two solutions differ. I conclude further that the above analysis lends support for admitting interpersonal utility comparisons into the analysis of fair division problems, and also suggests a focal point explanation of the wide acceptance of the Aristotelian proportionality principle of distributive justice.

Risk aversion in the Nash bargaining problem with uncertainty

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Sanxi Li ◽  
Hailin Sun ◽  
Jianye Yan ◽  
Xundong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Bargaining Problem ◽  
Nash Bargaining ◽  
Nash Bargaining Problem

scholarly journals Negotiation of mutualism: rhizobia and legumes

2006 ◽  
Vol 274 (1606) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Akçay ◽  
Joan Roughgarden
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Cooperative Game Theory ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Nash Bargaining Solution ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Nash Bargaining ◽  
Bargaining Solution ◽  
Bargaining Theory ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Legume Plant

The evolution and persistence of biological cooperation have been an important puzzle in evolutionary theory. Here, we suggest a new approach based on bargaining theory to tackle the question. We present a mechanistic model for negotiation of benefits between a nitrogen-fixing nodule and a legume plant. To that end, we first derive growth rates for the nodule and plant from metabolic models of each as a function of material fluxes between them. We use these growth rates as pay-off functions in the negotiation process, which is analogous to collective bargaining between a firm and a workers' union. Our model predicts that negotiations lead to the Nash bargaining solution, maximizing the product of players' pay-offs. This work introduces elements of cooperative game theory into the field of mutualistic interactions. In the discussion of the paper, we argue for the benefits of such an approach in studying the question of biological cooperation.

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