Context-Dependent Choice with Nonlinear and Nontransitive Preferences

Econometrica ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Fishburn ◽  
Irving H. LaValle
Keyword(s):  
Nontransitive Preferences ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Choice

scholarly journals Basal Ganglia Preferentially Encode Context Dependent Choice in a Two-Armed Bandit Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Garenne ◽  
Benjamin Pasquereau ◽  
Martin Guthrie ◽  
Bernard Bioulac ◽  
Thomas Boraud
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Choice

scholarly journals A Range-Normalization Model of Context-Dependent Choice: A New Model and Evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e1002607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Soltani ◽  
Benedetto De Martino ◽  
Colin Camerer
Keyword(s):  
New Model ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Choice

scholarly journals Learning context-dependent choice functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlson Pfannschmidt ◽  
Pritha Gupta ◽  
Björn Haddenhorst ◽  
Eyke Hüllermeier
Keyword(s):  
Learning Context ◽  
Choice Functions ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Choice

scholarly journals Distributed context-dependent choice information in mouse posterior cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Orlandi ◽  
Mohammad Abdolrahmani ◽  
Ryo Aoki ◽  
Dmitry Lyamzin ◽  
Andrea Benucci
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Decision Variable ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Posterior Cortex ◽  
Neural Data ◽  
Ventral Visual Stream ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Dependent Choice

Abstract Choice information appears in multi-area brain networks mixed with sensory, motor, and cognitive variables. In the posterior cortex—traditionally implicated in decision computations—the presence, strength, and area specificity of choice signals are highly variable, limiting a cohesive understanding of their computational significance. Examining the mesoscale activity in the mouse posterior cortex during a visual task, we found that choice signals defined a decision variable in a low-dimensional embedding space with a prominent contribution along the ventral visual stream. Their subspace was near-orthogonal to concurrently represented sensory and motor-related activations, with modulations by task difficulty and by the animals’ attention state. A recurrent neural network trained with animals’ choices revealed an equivalent decision variable whose context-dependent dynamics agreed with that of the neural data. Our results demonstrated an independent, multi-area decision variable in the posterior cortex, controlled by task features and cognitive demands, possibly linked to contextual inference computations in dynamic animal–environment interactions.

scholarly journals Combinations of low-level and high-level neural processes account for distinct patterns of context-dependent choice

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e1007427
Author(s):  
Mehran Spitmaan ◽  
Oihane Horno ◽  
Emily Chu ◽  
Alireza Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Low Level ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dependent Choice

scholarly journals REASON-BASED CHOICE AND CONTEXT-DEPENDENCE: AN EXPLANATORY FRAMEWORK

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Dietrich ◽  
Christian List
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Context Dependence ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Explanatory Framework ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Individual Choices ◽  
Dependent Choice

Abstract:We introduce a ‘reason-based’ framework for explaining and predicting individual choices. The key idea is that a decision-maker focuses on some but not all properties of the options and chooses an option whose ‘motivationally salient’ properties he/she most prefers. Reason-based explanations can capture two kinds of context-dependent choice: (i) the motivationally salient properties may vary across choice contexts, and (ii) they may include ‘context-related’ properties, not just ‘intrinsic’ properties of the options. Our framework allows us to explain boundedly rational and sophisticated choice behaviour. Since properties can be recombined in new ways, it also offers resources for predicting choices in unobserved contexts.

Forming Impressions of Personality

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Nauts ◽  
Oliver Langner ◽  
Inge Huijsmans ◽  
Roos Vonk ◽  
Daniël H. J. Wigboldus
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Context Dependent

Asch’s seminal research on “Forming Impressions of Personality” (1946) has widely been cited as providing evidence for a primacy-of-warmth effect, suggesting that warmth-related judgments have a stronger influence on impressions of personality than competence-related judgments (e.g., Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007 ; Wojciszke, 2005 ). Because this effect does not fit with Asch’s Gestalt-view on impression formation and does not readily follow from the data presented in his original paper, the goal of the present study was to critically examine and replicate the studies of Asch’s paper that are most relevant to the primacy-of-warmth effect. We found no evidence for a primacy-of-warmth effect. Instead, the role of warmth was highly context-dependent, and competence was at least as important in shaping impressions as warmth.

Memorial Consequences of Environmental Context Change in Children and Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alp Aslan ◽  
Anuscheh Samenieh ◽  
Tobias Staudigl ◽  
Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Context Change ◽  
Context Dependent

Changing environmental context during encoding can influence episodic memory. This study examined the memorial consequences of environmental context change in children. Kindergartners, first and fourth graders, and young adults studied two lists of items, either in the same room (no context change) or in two different rooms (context change), and subsequently were tested on the two lists in the room in which the second list was encoded. As expected, in adults, the context change impaired recall of the first list and improved recall of the second. Whereas fourth graders showed the same pattern of results as adults, in both kindergartners and first graders no memorial effects of the context change arose. The results indicate that the two effects of environmental context change develop contemporaneously over middle childhood and reach maturity at the end of the elementary school days. The findings are discussed in light of both retrieval-based and encoding-based accounts of context-dependent memory.

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