The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target

1985 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Rogoff
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Monetary Target

scholarly journals Land-Use Planning and the Public: Is There an Optimal Degree of Civic Participation?

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kopáček
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Degree Of Participation

Civic participation has an irreplaceable role in the land-use planning process because it contributes a practical perspective to expert knowledge. This article discusses whether there is actually a level of civic participation that can be considered optimal, which would allow experts to effectively obtain information from everyday users of the territory, who have the best practical knowledge of it; experts may also gain sufficient feedback on intended developments, based on knowledge about civic participation from representatives of individual municipalities. The article also proposes measures that can promote an optimal degree of participation in the land-use planning process. The fieldwork was conducted in the form of semi-structured interviews with the mayors of municipalities with a population of up to 2000 inhabitants in selected districts of the Ústí Region (Czech Republic). The results suggest that the optimal degree of civic participation in land-use planning should have a representative extent, so it should not merely be a matter of individuals, but also one of groups of dozens of people, and such groups should encompass a balanced variety of characteristics; an optimal level of civic participation should also provide the maximum number of relevant impulses. Measures that may secure and foster an optimal degree of civic participation in land-use planning include (1) striving to avoid preferring purely voluntary participation; (2) simultaneously utilizing various tools to engage inhabitants; (3) educating inhabitants on a regular basis; and (4) consistently communicating and providing feedback, while also searching for informal means of communication and discussion.

The Application of Fuzzy Optimization Theory in the Selection of Foundation Improvement Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
Li Juan Zhang ◽  
Jiang Han ◽  
Zhang Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Fuzzy Optimization ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Static Method ◽  
Optimal Selection ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Research was conducted on the optimal selection of foundation improvement methods in the paper. Based on fuzzy optimization theory, four evaluation criteria such as construction time are used to evaluate the five improvement methods. The relative optimal degree 0.798 of dynamic-static consolidation method is the maximum which shows that the dynamic-static method is the optimal one; relative optimal degree and multi-evaluating criteria are used to evaluate multi-goals in the fuzzy optimization theory which will lead to the high optimal reliability result.

Optimal Degree of Union Centralization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Giovanni Di Bartolomeo
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Degree

scholarly journals On the optimal degree of fluctuations in practice for motor learning

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst-Joachim Hossner ◽  
Boris Käch ◽  
Jonas Enz
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Optimal Degree

Governance, privatization and foreign direct investment

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-586
Author(s):  
Dongling Cai ◽  
Leonard Fengsheng Wang ◽  
Xiaokai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Foreign Firm ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Mixed Duopoly ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
Optimal Degree

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the interplay between economic governance and privatization, and how these two instruments affect the entry mode choice of the foreign firm and the social welfare of the host country. Design/methodology/approach This study constructs a mixed duopoly model wherein one domestic public firm competes with a foreign firm and investigates the influence of economic governance investment on the domestic government’s optimal degree of privatization choice and the foreign firm’s entry mode choice. Findings This study shows that (1) better economic governance enhances the effect of privatization on output, thus resulting in a lower degree of privatization; (2) the optimal privatization policy of the domestic government is partial privatization irrespective of the foreign firm’s entry mode choice; (3) with optimal investment by the domestic government on economic governance, the optimal degree of privatization is higher under FDI than export, and the host-country welfare is also higher under FDI. In particular, this study demonstrates that better economic governance decreases the threshold of the degree of privatization when the foreign firm switches from export to FDI, implying that better economic governance stimulates the foreign firm to undertake FDI in the host country. Practical implications The findings shed some light on both the mixed ownership reform of the SOEs in China and attracting foreign capital inflow to improve the host country’s social welfare. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study constitutes the first attempt to build a theoretical framework to explore how the interactions between economic governance and privatization influence the entry mode choice of the foreign firm.

Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Asami ◽  
Kathrin Szekely ◽  
Paul Schanda ◽  
Beat H. Meier ◽  
Bernd Reif
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Deuterated Proteins
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