Chemistry in America, 1876-1976: Historical Indicators

1986 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
E. H. Beardsley ◽  
A. Thackray
Keyword(s):  
Historical Indicators

Chemistry in America, 1876-1976: Historical Indicators

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Nathan Reingold ◽  
Arnold Thackray ◽  
Jeffrey L. Sturchio ◽  
P. Thomas Carroll ◽  
Robert Bud
Keyword(s):  
Historical Indicators

scholarly journals Histological characteristics of accessory adrenal glands of rabbits with different types of autonomous tonus

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Zakrevska ◽  
A. M. Tybinka
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Morphological Research ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa Cells ◽  
Historical Indicators

For the purposes of the adrenal gland’s study, 27 four months old male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of Termond White breed were selected. Based on electrocardiography and variation pulsometry results, three types of autonomous tonus were determined in animals: sympathicotonia (ST), normotonia (NT) and parasympathicotonia (PS), which formed the basis for the division of animals into three groups. All rabbits were subjected to euthanasia and histological preparations were made from their adrenal glands. Apart from the main adrenal gland, accessory adrenal gland was detected in five purposes animals, including three ST rabbits, one NT rabbit and one PS rabbit. Also, four accessory adrenal glands were revealed in one ST rabbit simultaneously. In fact, these accessory adrenal glands became the main object of the further morphological research. The obtained historical indicators accessory adrenal glands were compared to the ones from various animal groups (CT with NT and CT with PS), as well as to the indicators of the main adrenal gland in each group. Statistical analysis of the received data was performed only in the group of ST animals. Accessory adrenal gland of ST rabbits is represented by two zones: zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata, the area of which is 52% and 48% respectively. In PS and NT rabbits, the glands are formed by zona glomerulosa only. Investigating the accessory adrenal gland’s cellular component, it was found that NT rabbits have the largest cell area in zona glomerulosa, while PS rabbits have the smallest one. At the same time, the area of nucleus has the largest values in ST animals and the smallest ones in PS animals likewise. Сomparing zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata in ST rabbits, it was found that cell size differs significantly, while the area of nucleus is almost identical. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in zona glomerulosa cells is the largest for PS rabbits. The smallest ratio values were detected among the NT rabbits. Obviously, ST rabbits occupy an intermediate position. Unlike the main adrenal gland, the cells of accessory adrenal gland are of a smaller size and а denser location of cells in all groups of animals. The conducted studies allow concluding that the typological features of the autonomous tonus affect the morphology of accessory adrenal gland.

Tchaikovskies and Pleske in the business life of Russia XIX - early XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Mikhail Baryshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Dynamic Content ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Holistic Analysis ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Historical Indicators ◽  
Forward Looking

This study aims to determine how Russian business conditions combine with the goals and interests of family business owners background to engender to two patterns of interaction: succession foundation of a new ventures. Through a holistic analysis of historical indicators drawn from the activities of representatives of two groups of relatives (Tchaikovskies and Pleske), it is noted that entrepreneurial legacies feature both stable and variability elements, and that forward-looking areas in institutional, economic and organizational interaction affect this dynamic content.

scholarly journals The long-run effects of religious persecution: Evidence from the Spanish Inquisition

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (33) ◽  
pp. e2022881118
Author(s):  
Mauricio Drelichman ◽  
Jordi Vidal-Robert ◽  
Hans-Joachim Voth
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Spanish Inquisition ◽  
Long Run ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Indicators

Religious persecution is common in many countries around the globe. There is little evidence on its long-term effects. We collect data from all across Spain, using information from more than 67,000 trials held by the Spanish Inquisition between 1480 and 1820. This comprehensive database allows us to demonstrate that municipalities of Spain with a history of a stronger inquisitorial presence show lower economic performance, educational attainment, and trust today. The effects persist after controlling for historical indicators of religiosity and wealth, ruling out potential selection bias.

The Coverage of Social Insurance Schemes : Methodological Problems of International Comparisons

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Jens Alber
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Western European ◽  
Historical Indicators

["The following article is part of a larger data collection on participants of social insurance systems in Western Europe which is published as research report No. 4 of the HIWED project (Historical indicators of the Western European Democracies) at the Urriversity of Mannheim, W. Germany. The report contains qualitative and quantitative data, and the part reproduced here serves as the introduction to . the tables."

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