A Short History of Science and Scientific Thought: With Readings from the Great Scientists fromt eh Babylonians to Einstein

In view of giving clinical material for the study of various forms of chorea, poliomyelitis and polyoncephalitis, the author used for this purpose the clinical histories of diseases of the Moscow Clinic of Nervous Diseases (director - prof. V. K. Rot). The entire work is divided into 7 chapters and contains in a short form 35 histories of diseases. In each chapter, the literature of the corresponding painful form is first given, and then its cases are described. Among them there are such not often encountered cases, such as syphilitic poliomyelitis and poliomyelitis on the soil of smallpox. In general, the work is of a lot of special interest for a neuropathologist and, together with it, introduces the direction of scientific thought, which has a place in the Moscow Nervous Clinic. With all the merits of the published work, one cannot remain silent about some of its shortcomings, in our opinion, one can reproach the author for his desire to give a short history of illness. In the study of clinical forms, brevity can quickly interfere with the understanding of the process underlying a particular nosological unit. For example, we will point to the observations of the XI and XV-e. It is not clear to the reader whether the attention of the study was drawn to the existence of pain in patients with pressure on the nerve trunks or nerves, but between the two this in our eyes may have a meaning for the purity of the diagnosis. It is unclear, further, why the author does not provide data on lumbar puncture and Wassermann's reaction in the cases where this could have been done (obs. XV). In the cases cited from the literature, the same excessive brevity is visible. So on p. 183 it says about anesthesia I and II in n. trigemini, but which side? Further, it is hardly advisable to use such expressions: (p. 58) degeneration of the posterior pillars from the lower back (?) To the cerebellum, or (p. 89): with tabes, not only the motor cells of the spinal cord, but also in the legs brain ". It would be desirable to avoid the term so-called. muscle sensitivity where there is a rumor about "muscle feelings".

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The Notion of Ideology in Durkheim

Revista Mosaico - Revista de História ◽

10.18224/mos.v10i0.5707 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 217

Author(s):

Nildo Viana

Keyword(s):

History Of Science ◽

Rigorous Analysis ◽

Scientific Thought ◽

The Social ◽

History Of ◽

Sociological Method ◽

Discursive Context

Abstract: this article discusses the notion of ideology in Durkheim’s thought. From an analysis of Durkheim’s discourse and his use of the term ideology, one seeks to reconstitute the meaning of this notion. A rigorous analysis of the use of the term in The Rules of Sociological Method and other works of this author, allows to understand the implicit meaning of the notion of ideology and thus to make it explicit. Durkheim’s notion of ideology is explained by the social, cultural and discursive context of the author, which refers to the problem of the history of science and the transition from pre-scientific thought to scientific thought, all science in its period of birth, has an ideological phase. A Noção de Ideologia em Durkheim Resumo: o presente artigo discute a noção de ideologia no pensamento de Durkheim. A partir de uma análise do discurso de Durkheim e seu uso do termo ideologia, busca-se reconstituir o significado desta noção. Uma análise rigorosa do uso do termo em As Regras do Método Sociológico e em outras obras deste autor, permite entender o significado implícito da noção de ideologia e assim explicitá-la. A noção de ideologia em Durkheim é explicada pelo contexto social, cultural e discursivo do autor, sendo que ela remete ao problema da história das ciências e à transição do pensamento pré-científico para o pensamento científico, sendo que toda ciência, no seu período de nascimento, possui uma fase ideológica.

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