Effects of Eimeria mitis on Egg Production of Single-Comb White Leghorn Hens

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Fitz-Coy ◽  
S. A. Edgar
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Single Comb

SUBSTITUTION OF SORGHUM FOR WHEAT IN DIETS FOR LAYING HENS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Single Comb

The effects of substituting various levels of sorghum for wheat in diets for laying hens were studied. Egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, body weight and hatchability of eggs from Single Comb White Leghorn hens were not affected by the proportion of sorghum in the diet. Key words: Sorghum, wheat, nutrition, egg production

EVALUATION OF FULL-FAT SPAN RAPESEED AS AN ENERGY AND PROTEIN SOURCE FOR LAYING HENS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. OLOMU ◽  
A. R. ROBBLEE ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
R. T. HARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Single Comb ◽  
Simple Regression

Full-fat Span rapeseed (a low erucic acid variety), which had been steam-treated at 90 C for 30 min and then ground, was examined as a protein and energy source in rations of Single Comb White Leghorn laying hens during a laying period of 336 days. The levels of mortality and egg production were not significantly affected by the inclusion of 0, 5, 10 or 15% Span rapeseed in the ration; however, calculation of the simple regression between hen-day production and level of rapeseed used indicated a significant decrease in production with increasing levels of rapeseed in the ration. No mortality was attributed to ’haemorrhagic liver syndrome’ in the groups fed rations containing 0 and 5% rapeseed but the incidence of haemorrhagic liver syndrome was 3.1 and 4.2%, respectively, in birds fed rations containing 10 and 15% rapeseed. Egg quality, feed conversion and body weight were not affected by any of the dietary treatments. The sizes of the livers and hearts and their composition of dry matter, fat and protein were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. There was, however, a progressive and significant (P < 0.05) increase in the relative weights of the thyroids as the level of rapeseed in the ration was increased.

RESPONSE OF WHITE LEGHORN AND RHODE ISLAND RED BREEDER HENS TO DIETARY DEFICIENCIES OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS. 1. EGG PRODUCTION, HATCHABILITY AND CHICK GROWTH

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
B. S. REINHART ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Single Comb

Thirty-week-old purebred strains of Single Comb White Leghorn (WL) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeder hens were offered a control corn-soybean meal diet or the control diet with one of the following vitamins omitted from the supplement: biotin, B12, E, folacin, niacin, pantothenate and riboflavin. For each strain, four randomly distributed cages of four birds were offered each diet. Birds were inseminated weekly with 0.05 ml of pooled White Leghorn (WL) semen. Egg production, fertility and hatchability were recorded. After 15 wk, the vitamins omitted were added to the diets, and observations continued for a further 5 wk. With the exception of biotin, each unsupplemented diet had an adverse effect on egg production of RIR (P < 0.05), although few significant effects were observed with WL. Diet had no effect on fertility. Lack of added riboflavin had the most effect on hatchability, with 0% being recorded for both strains after 13 wk of treatment. All other treatments depressed hatchability for RIR (P < 0.05), although the pattern was not as well defined with W.L. Both breeds responded to re introduction of vitamins, such that at the end of the trial no significant (P > 0.05) differences in production or hatchability were recorded. There was no difference in growth rate of chicks hatched from eggs produced during the 8th wk of treatment.

Effects of dry-matter intake and egg production on water influx in single comb White Leghorn hens

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kam ◽  
A. A. Degen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Single Comb ◽  
Group 1

SummaryWater influx, i.e. total water intake from water drunk and water obtained from food, was measured using tritiated water in six groups, each containing ten single comb White Leghorn (SCWL) hens, in which each group received decreasing amounts of dry matter (D.M.) in decrements of 10%. Group 1 received 101·2 g D.M./day, an amount normally offered these hens, group 2 received 92·4 g D.M./day, group 3 received 81·0 g D.M./day, group 4 received 70·4 g D.M./day, group 5 received 61·6 g D.M./day and group 6 received 52·8 g D.M./day. In the first 4 weeks, egg production remained relatively high in the restricted fed groups compared with group 1 and body mass declined rapidly (period I); in the second 4 weeks, egg production declined to a great extent but body mass remained constant (period II). The ratio of water influx to DMI remained constant in the two periods in hens with the same DMI but with different egg production. The linear regression of DMI and/or egg production on water influx were significant within each period. DMI explained 65% of the variation in water influx, egg production explained 30/55% of the variation, and both DMI and egg production explained 66/70% of the variation. Within each period, the regressions of DMI on water influx in hens with similar egg production were generally significant, and, in contrast, the regressions of egg production on water influx within each DMI were generally not significant. It was concluded that DMI was more important than egg production in affecting water influx in laying SCWL hens.

EFFECT OF DIETARY ENERGY AND CALCIUM LEVEL ON EGG PRODUCTION AND EGG QUALITY

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. MacIntyre ◽  
H. W. R. Chancey ◽  
E. E. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Single Comb

Two experiments were conducted with Single-Comb White Leghorn laying hens to measure some of the effects of energy and calcium levels on egg production and quality. In Experiment 1, rations containing 3.95 per cent calcium gave significantly higher egg production than rations containing 3.00 or 2.25 per cent, but in Experiment 2 there was no difference in egg production between rations containing 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 per cent calcium. Rations containing 1.0 per cent calcium gave significantly lower egg production than rations containing 2.0 per cent or more. Levels of calcium up to 6.0 per cent had no adverse effect on egg production.Egg-shell quality as measured by specific gravity improved with increasing levels of calcium. A calcium intake of at least 4 grams per bird per day was necessary for best egg-shell quality.

scholarly journals SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON CAGED SINGLE COMB WHITE LEGHORN LAYERS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. SEFTON ◽  
D. C. CROBER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Individual Bird ◽  
Cage Size ◽  
White Leghorns ◽  
Single Comb

Pullets from two-way crosses between three highly inbred lines of Single Comb White Leghorns were housed in two sizes of commercial laying cages, two pullets per cage. Individual bird egg production records were kept when birds were 68–72 wk of age. During this period, peck order within each cage, fearfulness and body weight of each individual were determined. Differences between matings for fearfulness, body weight and egg production were not significant. However, in the case of egg production, both the mating × cage size and mating × cage tier interactions were significant. The genotype × environment interactions were interpreted to be due, in part, to varied behavioral response to the environment. Dominant birds had both a higher rate of egg production and heavier body weight than their subordinate cage mates. Birds housed in the larger cages (516 cm2 per bird) were less fearful than those in the smaller cages (412 cm2 per bird). Lower fearfulness was associated with higher egg production.

Efficiency of utilization of energy for egg production in feed-restricted single comb White Leghorn hens

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Degen ◽  
M. Kam ◽  
A. Rosenstrauch
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Body Energy ◽  
Single Comb ◽  
Group 1

SummaryEgg production and body mass changes were measured in six groups, each containing 10 single comb White Leghorn (SCWL) hens, in which each group received decreasing amounts of dry matter (D.M.) in decrements of 10%. Group 1 received 101·2 g D.M./day (100%), an amount normally offered these hens, whereas group 6 received 52·8 g D.M./day (50%). Egg production remained relatively high but body mass declined rapidly in the feed-restricted groups when compared with group 1 in the first 4 weeks (period I); in the second 4 weeks (period II), egg production declined to a great extent but body mass remained constant. Egg production and egg mass were significantly lower in period II than in period I in the feed-restricted birds. In period I egg production did not decrease significantly until the hens were restricted in feed by 30%; in period II this occurred at 20% feed restriction. Energy of eggs produced as a fraction of metabolizable energy intake (MEI) tended to increase in the feed-restricted groups when compared with group I in period I, but decreased significantly at the 40% and 50% group in period II. Maintenance energy requirements for the hens were 569·2 kJ/kg0·75 per day and the efficiency of utilization of energy for egg production was 88·2% in period I; these values were 551·6 kJ/kg0·75 per day and 74·0%, respectively, in period II. Energy yielded from the catabolism of body tissue per gram body mass loss was 23·08 kJ.It was concluded that the hens initially maintained near-normal egg production at the expense of body energy reserves and then at the expense of egg mass. The efficiency of utilization of energy for egg production was higher when the energy source was mainly from body energy reserves than from MEI (88·2% v. 74·0%). The level of feed restriction and its length of imposition, the body energy reserves of the hen and the source of energy for egg production can explain many of the different responses reported in feed-restricted laying hens. In addition, reduction of 20 to 30 % feed intake in laying hens had little effect on egg production for a short period (4 weeks) during which time the hens mobilized body energy reserves. If these hens were to be sold, then this would add an additional option to this enterprise; that is, reduce feed cost at the expense of body mass prior to the sale of the hens.

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