Fowl Cholera: Cross-Immunity Induced in Turkeys with Formalin-Killed In-Vivo-Propagated Pasteurella multocida

1972 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Heddleston ◽  
P. A. Rebers
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Cross Immunity

scholarly journals Natural Selection in the Chicken Host Identifies 3-Deoxy-d-manno- Octulosonic Acid Kinase Residues Essential for Phosphorylation of Pasteurella multocida Lipopolysaccharide

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3669-3677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Harper ◽  
Andrew D. Cox ◽  
Frank St. Michael ◽  
Mark Ford ◽  
Ian W. Wilkie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT Pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of a number of diseases in animals, including fowl cholera. P. multocida strains simultaneously express two lipopolysaccharide (LPS) glycoforms (glycoforms A and B) that differ only in their inner core structure. Glycoform A contains a single 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residue that is phosphorylated by the Kdo kinase, KdkA, whereas glycoform B contains two unphosphorylated Kdo residues. We have previously shown that P. multocida mutants lacking the heptosyltransferase, HptA, produce full-length glycoform B LPS and a large amount of truncated glycoform A LPS, as they cannot add heptose to the glycoform A inner core. These hptA mutants were attenuated in chickens because the truncated LPS made them vulnerable to host defense mechanisms, including antimicrobial peptides. However, here we show that birds inoculated with high doses of the hptA mutant developed fowl cholera and the P. multocida isolates recovered from diseased birds no longer expressed truncated LPS. Sequencing analysis revealed that the in vivo-derived isolates had mutations in kdkA, thereby suppressing the production of glycoform A LPS. Interestingly, a number of the spontaneous KdkA mutant strains produced KdkA with a single amino acid substitution (A112V, R123P, H168Y, or D193N). LPS structural analysis showed that complementation of a P. multocida kdkA mutant with wild-type kdkA restored expression of glycoform A to wild-type levels, whereas complementation with any of the mutated kdkA genes did not. We conclude that in P. multocida KdkA, the amino acids A112, R123, H168, and D193 are critical for Kdo kinase function and therefore for glycoform A LPS assembly.

scholarly journals Interaction of Pasteurella multocida with Free-Living Amoebae

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5458-5464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Hundt ◽  
Carmel G. Ruffolo
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Pasteurella multocida is a highly infectious, facultative intracellular bacterium which causes fowl cholera in birds. This study reports, for the first time, the observed interaction between P. multocida and free-living amoebae. Amoebal trophozoites were coinfected with fowl-cholera-causing P. multocida strain X-73 that expressed the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Using confocal fluorescence microscopy, GFP expressing X-73 was located within the trophozoite. Transmission electron microscopy of coinfection preparations revealed clusters of intact X-73 cells in membrane-bound vacuoles within the trophozoite cytoplasm. A coinfection assay employing gentamicin to kill extracellular bacteria was used to assess the survival and replication of P. multocida within amoebae. In the presence of amoebae, the number of recoverable intracellular X-73 cells increased over a 24-h period; in contrast, X-73 cultured alone in assay medium showed a consistent decline in growth. Cytotoxicity assays and microscopy showed that X-73 was able to lyse and exit the amoebal cells approximately 18 h after coinfection. The observed interaction between P. multocida and amoebae can be considered as an infective process as the bacterium was able to invade, survive, replicate, and lyse the amoebal host. This raises the possibility that similar interactions occur in vivo between P. multocida and host cells. Free-living amoebae are ubiquitous within water and soil environments, and P. multocida has been observed to survive within these same ecosystems. Thus, our findings suggest that the interaction between P. multocida and amoebae may occur within the natural environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the biofilm formation capacity of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from cases of fowl cholera and swine lungs and its relationship with pathogenicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunna D. de Emery ◽  
Thales Q. Furian ◽  
Roberta M. Pilatti ◽  
Gabriela Z. Chitolina ◽  
Karen A. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Producer Strains

ABSTRACT: Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes economic losses due to the development of respiratory diseases in several animal species. Among the mechanisms of virulence, the formation of biofilms is an important factor for bacterial survival in hostile environments. Studies of biofilm formation by P. multocida are needed because P. multocida is an important pathogen involved in respiratory infections. However, in contrast to other microorganisms, few studies of biofilm formation have examined P. multocida. Studies comparing the pathogenicity of microbial strains as a function of their biofilm production capacity are also rare. Consequently, the aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm formation capacity of 94 P. multocida strains isolated from cases of fowl cholera and from swine lungs on polystyrene plates. The associations of the biofilm formation capacity with the pathogenicity index (PI) in vivo and with the presence of four genes (screened by PCR) of the tad locus (tadB, tadD, tadE and tadG), described as adhesion markers, were also determined. Strains from both animal origins were able to form biofilms. However, most of the specimens (52.13%) were classified as weak producers, and more than 40% of the strains of P. multocida (40.42%) did not produce biofilms. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the degree of biofilm production between the two sources of isolation. Of the analyzed strains, 56.52% contained all four genes (tadB, tadD, tadE and tadG). The PI arithmetic mean of the strains classified as non-biofilm producers was significantly different (p<0.05) from the PI of moderate-producer strains. The PI of specimens classified as weak biofilm producers also differed significantly (p<0.05) from that of the moderate-producer strains. The results indicate that even though the P. multocida strains isolated from cases of fowl cholera and swine lungs formed biofilms on polystyrene surfaces, adhesion was usually weak. The genes tadB, tadD, tadE and tadG were not significantly associated (p>0.05) with the production of biofilms and with the origin of a given strain. Finally, low virulence strains may suggest a higher biofilm formation capacity on polystyrene plates.

scholarly journals In Vivo-Expressed Genes of Pasteurella multocida

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 3004-3012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith L. Hunt ◽  
David J. Boucher ◽  
John D. Boyce ◽  
Ben Adler
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Hypothetical Proteins ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Membrane Lipoproteins

ABSTRACT Pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of infectious diseases of economic importance such as fowl cholera, bovine hemorrhagic septicemia, and porcine atrophic rhinitis. However, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms and determinants that P. multocida requires for virulence and pathogenicity is still limited. To address this issue, we developed a genetic expression system, based on the in vivo expression technology approach first described by Mahan et al. (Science 259:686–688, 1993), to identify in vivo-expressed genes of P. multocida. Numerous genes, such as those encoding outer membrane lipoproteins, metabolic and biosynthetic enzymes, and a number of hypothetical proteins, were identified. These may prove to be useful targets for attenuating mutation and/or warrant further investigation for their roles in immunity and/or pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Novel multi-strain probiotics reduces Pasteurella multocida induced fowl cholera mortality in broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rine Christopher Reuben ◽  
Shovon Lal Sarkar ◽  
Habiba Ibnat ◽  
Md. Ali Ahasan Setu ◽  
Pravas Chandra Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractPasteurella multocida causes fowl cholera, a highly contagious poultry disease of global concern, causing significant ecological and economic challenges to the poultry industry each year. This study evaluated the effects of novel multi-strain probiotics consisting of Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, haemato-biochemical parameters and anti-inflammatory properties on broilers experimentally challenged with P. multocida. A total of 120 birds were fed with a basal diet supplemented with probiotics (108 CFU/kg) and then orally challenged with 108 CFU/mL of P. multocida. Probiotics supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance and feed efficiency as well as reducing (P < 0.05) the population of intestinal P. multocida, enterobacteria, and mortality. Haemato-biochemical parameters including total cholesterol, white blood cells (WBC), proteins, glucose, packed cell volume (PCV) and lymphocytes improved (P < 0.05) among probiotic fed birds when compared with the controls. Transcriptional profiles of anti-inflammatory genes including hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) and prostaglandin E receptor 2 (PTGER2) in the intestinal mucosa were upregulated (P < 0.05) in probiotics fed birds. The dietary inclusion of the novel multi-strain probiotics improves growth performance, feed efficiency and intestinal health while attenuating inflammatory reaction, clinical signs and mortality associated with P. multocida infection in broilers.

scholarly journals Rationally designed mariner vectors for functional genomic analysis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and other Pasteurellaceae species by transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing (TraDIS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine T. Bossé ◽  
Yanwen Li ◽  
Leon G. Leanse ◽  
Liqing Zhou ◽  
Roy R. Chaudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Transposase Gene ◽  
Functional Genomic Analysis ◽  
Veterinary Importance

AbstractComprehensive identification of conditionally essential genes requires efficient tools for generating high-density transposon libraries that, ideally, can be analysed using next-generation sequencing methods such as Transposon Directed Insertion-site Sequencing (TraDIS). The Himar1 (mariner) transposon is ideal for generating near-saturating mutant libraries, especially in AT-rich chromosomes, as the requirement for integration is a TA dinucleotide, and this transposon has been used for mutagenesis of a wide variety of bacteria. However, plasmids for mariner delivery do not necessarily work well in all bacteria. In particular, there are limited tools for functional genomic analysis of Pasteurellaceae species of major veterinary importance, such as swine and cattle pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida, respectively. Here, we developed plasmids, pTsodCPC9 and pTlacPC9 (differing only in the promoter driving expression of the transposase gene), that allow delivery of mariner into both these pathogens, but which should also be applicable to a wider range of bacteria. Using the pTlacPC9 vector, we have generated, for the first time, saturating mariner mutant libraries in both A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida that showed a near random distribution of insertions around the respective chromosomes as detected by TraDIS. A preliminary screen of 5000 mutants each identified 8 and 14 genes, respectively, that are required for growth under anaerobic conditions. Future high-throughput screening of the generated libraries will facilitate identification of mutants required for growth under different conditions, including in vivo, highlighting key virulence factors and pathways that can be exploited for development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.

scholarly journals The Current Status of Veterinary Vaccinology: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Teferi Mandado
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
General Information ◽  
Current Status ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Veterinary Vaccine ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper was done starting from February 2017 to July 2017 in Jimma University College of Agriculture and School of Veterinary Medicine. The suffering of different animal species from multiple infectious agents in and around the university leads us to be conscious and enabled us to write this scientific paper which can be acts as the source of information for Veterinary vaccinology. Louis Pasteur in the 19th century demonstrated the ability to protect chickens against fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) and thus demonstrated the benefit of vaccination in animals and paved the way for the development of the array of veterinary vaccines which are in use today. Since Pasteur’s work, vaccination against infectious disease have been used successfully to protect animals from many serious diseases some of which were also significant risks to humans. Veterinary vaccine has a parallel way of development in research and development of vaccines in the human field vaccinology today also. Vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. Vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins. The general information concerning veterinary vaccination such as common vaccination, common methods of veterinary vaccination, principles of vaccination; standardization of veterinary vaccines, generation of vaccine, vaccine formulation, new approaches to veterinary vaccines and few other information were roughly reviewed from scientific journals, experiment results, proceedings, reference books and manuals. The objectives of this paper are to highlight the general current information of Veterinary Vaccinology and to give specific recommendations based on the facts obtained.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA INFECTION IN POULTRY IN GAZIPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
M. R. Hossain ◽  
M. M. Meher ◽  
M. Afrin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Fowl Cholera

The present study was undertaken to determine the present status of fowl cholera (FC) infection of poultry in Gazipur district during September 2016 to February 2017. A total of 282 either dead or sick birds (Layer and Sonali) were taken as sample in which the sick birds were subjected to record clinical data and consequently the dead birds were for post mortem examination. Hence, overall 12.41% prevalence was found for FC and about 87.59% was for mixed other diseases.  All the birds were grouped into six named as A1, A2 and up to A6 accordingly their age. The highest incidence (29.79 %) was found in A1 (8-20weeks) group and the lowest was 4.26% in A5 (51-60 weeks) group. Furthermore, six FC infected farms were categorized to treat with six specific antibiotics individually. Thereafter, the highest recovery rate (89.6% and 87.5%) was recorded in two farms using Enrofloxacin and Gentamicin particularly. The lowest recovery rate (60%) was in Erythromycin treatment group. However, the layer birds of six farms lost their body weight almost 11.84%, specifically the highest percentages (16.49%) was in treated with Ampicillin and lowest percentages (5.79%) found in a farm treated with Gentamicin. In brief, FC commonly appears just near to laying age and therapeutic management trivially decreases the body weight that ultimately shoots up the production cost.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella multocida from Chicken for the Preparation of Oil Adjuvanted Vaccine

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Ievy ◽  
Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md Ariful Islam ◽  
Md Bahanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Cholera Vaccine ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Passive Hemagglutination ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Adjuvanted Vaccine ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

The research work was performed for the isolation and identification of Pasteurella multocida from field cases, preparation of oil adjuvanted vaccine from isolated strain and determination of its efficacy. Samples were collected from suspected dead birds of three poultry farms of Bangladesh (Code name: M and R). The P. multocida isolates were Gram negative, non-motile, non- spore forming rod occurring singly or pairs and occasionally as chains or filaments. Biochemically P. multocida ferment basic sugar and consistently produced acid except from maltose and lactose. After isolation formalin killed oil adjuvanted Fowl cholera vaccine was prepared in Laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU and this experimental vaccine (3.2x108 CFU/ml) was administered in nine weeks old White Leg Horn chickens at the different dose rate through intramuscular (IM) route in each selected group A (1ml alum precipitated vaccine), B (0.5ml alum precipitated vaccine), C (1ml oil adjuvanted vaccine) and D (0.5ml oil adjuvanted vaccine). Pre-vaccinated sera were collected from all groups of birds. The mean of Passive Hemagglutination (PHA) titers of post-vaccination were 51±17.8, 76.8±17, 89.6±17, and 115±17.81 in group A, B, C and D respectively which consist of 5 birds in each. The vaccine produced better immune response when boostering with the similar dose and route at 15 days after primary vaccination. The mean PHA titers were higher at group D than other groups after boostering. Challenge infection was conducted on all the vaccinated and control group (n=5) of birds after 15 days of vaccination which protect 93.75% of birds and the PHA titers from different groups analyzed to determine the protective capacity of vaccinated chickens against challenge exposure. It was demonstrated that experimental oil adjuvanted fowl cholera vaccine with 0.5ml dose produce higher immune response against challenge infection and found to be safe. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 1-4DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17253

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