scholarly journals THYROID HORMONE TREATMENT AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN EMBRYOS OF THE SPINY DOGFISH

1960 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
AUSTIN W. PRITCHARD ◽  
AUBREY GORBMAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Spiny Dogfish

Linear modulation of serum thyrotrophin by thyroid hormone treatment in hypothyroidism

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eugene Pekary ◽  
Jerome M. Hershman ◽  
Clark T. Sawin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Basal Serum ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Peak Versus ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. Basal serum TSH and the peak TSH response to a 500 μg TRH bolus were measured in 57 euthyroid and in 29 hypothyroid subjects either receiving graded thyroid hormone replacement or acutely removed from full replacement therapy. Serum TSH, total T4 and T3 were determined by sensitive radioimmunoassay methods. The peak versus basal TSH data for hypothyroid patients were linear within individuals. The regression slope of the peak versus basal TSH data for all hypothyroid subjects did not differ significantly from the corresponding slope for all euthyroid subjects. Basal and peak TSH versus T3 and T4 data for hypothyroid patients were also linear within each individual. Moreover, the regression of the basal TSH values averaged over the non-replacement to full replacement state against the TSH versus T3 slope had a significant negative correlation. This trend leads to an array of regression lines which average to the familiar hyperbolic relationship between thyrotrophin and thyroid hormone levels in man.

Growth hormone treatment in children with idiopathic short stature: correlation of growth response with peripheral thyroid hormone action

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Susperreguy ◽  
Liliana Muñoz ◽  
Natalia Y. Tkalenko ◽  
Ivan D. Mascanfroni ◽  
Vanina A. Alamino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Hormone Treatment ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Short Stature ◽  
Hormone Action ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Action

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormone Treatment to Mend a Broken Heart

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1172-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwin Klein ◽  
Sara Danzi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment

Body temperature regulation and oxygen consumption in young chicks fed thyroid hormone

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1842-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory K. Snyder ◽  
Joseph R. Coelho ◽  
Dalan R. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Young Chicks

In chicks the ability to regulate body temperature to adult levels develops during the first 2 weeks of life. We examined whether the ability of young chicks to regulate body temperature is increased by elevated levels of the thyroid hormone 3,3′5-triiodothyronine. By 13 days following hatch, body temperatures of chicks were not significantly different from those expected for adult birds. Furthermore, at an ambient temperature of 10 °C, 13-day-old control chicks were able to maintain body temperature, and elevated serum thyroid hormone levels did not increase rates of oxygen consumption or body temperature above control values. Six-day-old chicks had body temperatures that were significantly lower than those of the 13-day-old chicks and were not able to regulate body temperature when exposed to an ambient temperature of 10 °C. On the other hand, 6-day-old chicks with elevated serum thyroid hormone had significantly higher rates of oxygen consumption than 6-day-old control chicks, and were able to maintain constant body temperatures during cold exposure. The increased oxygen consumption rates and improved ability to regulate body temperature during cold exposure were correlated with increased citrate synthase activity in skeletal muscle. Our results support the argument that thyroid hormones play an important role in the development of thermoregulatory ability in neonate birds by stimulating enzyme activities associated with aerobic metabolism.

scholarly journals Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone

1995 ◽  
Vol 311 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Chiarugi ◽  
G Raugei ◽  
R Marzocchini ◽  
T Fiaschi ◽  
C Ciccarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
State Level ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Differential Modulation ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Specific Mrna

The modulation of expression of the skeletal muscle and erythrocyte acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone has been investigated. Our results indicate a differential regulation of the two enzymic isoforms by tri-iodothyronine (T3) in K562 cells in culture: an increase in the specific mRNA during T3-stimulation is shown only for the skeletal muscle isoenzyme. A fast and transient T3 induction of the accumulation of the specific mRNA can be observed, reaching a maximum 8 h after hormone treatment and then rapidly decreasing almost to the steady-state level after 24 h. A nuclear run-on assay was performed to explore the mechanisms of this regulation. These studies indicate that T3 induction of skeletal muscle acylphosphatase mRNA is due, at least in part, to a fast and transient increase in the rate of gene transcription, within 4 h after hormone administration. A very rapid decrease is then observed within a further 2 h. T3-dependent accumulation of the mRNA for the skeletal muscle acylphosphatase requires ongoing protein synthesis, as confirmed by inhibition with cycloheximide or puromycin. These findings indicate that the transcriptional regulation of the gene may be indirect.

Thyroid Hormone Therapy and Incident Stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Papaleontiou ◽  
Deborah A Levine ◽  
David Reyes-Gastelum ◽  
Sarah T Hawley ◽  
Mousumi Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Context Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability and there is a need to identify modifiable risk factors. Objective Determine the relationship between thyroid hormone treatment intensity and incidence of atrial fibrillation and stroke. Design Retrospective cohort study using data from the Veterans Health Administration between 2004 and 2017, with a median follow-up of 59 months. Setting Population-based. Participants 733,208 thyroid hormone users aged ≥18 years with at least two thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurements between thyroid hormone initiation and incident event or study conclusion (406,030 thyroid hormone users with at least two free T4 measurements). Main Outcome Measures Incident atrial fibrillation and stroke. Results Overall, 71,333/643,687 (11.08%) participants developed incident atrial fibrillation and 41,931/663,809 (6.32%) stroke. In multivariable analyses controlling for pertinent factors such as age, sex and prior history of atrial fibrillation, low TSH or high free T4 levels (i.e., exogenous hyperthyroidism; e.g., TSH<0.1 mIU/L, OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.24-1.43) and high TSH or low free T4 levels (i.e., exogenous hypothyroidism; e.g., TSH>5.5 mIU/L, OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.26-1.33; free T4<0.7 ng/dL, OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.22-1.35) were associated with higher incidence of stroke compared to euthyroidism (TSH >0.5-5.5 mIU/L and free T4 0.7-1.9 ng/dL). Risk of developing atrial fibrillation and stroke was cumulative over time for both patients with exogenous hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Conclusions Both exogenous hyper- and hypothyroidism were associated with increased risk of stroke, highlighting the importance of patient medication safety.

Genesis of Statins

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jack Li
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Loss Of Libido ◽  
Artery Disease

As evidence grew that high blood cholesterol levels were linked to heart disease, scientists in both academia and industry began to look for drugs to lower cholesterol as early as the 1950s. Before Akira Endo discovered the first statin, mevastatin, in the 1970s, many things, including hormones, vitamins, and resins, were tried to lower cholesterol. Some worked, and some did not. Thyroid hormone was one of the fi st drugs used for that purpose. The cholesterol-lowering properties of dextro-thyroxine were discovered by serendipity. At one point, surgical removal of part of the thyroid gland had been used to relieve angina, the pain brought on by exercise in coronary artery disease. Doctors observed that thyroid removal also raised the blood cholesterol level, which in turn sped up arterial degeneration. By deduction, the doctors reasoned that taking thyroid hormone should then decrease blood cholesterol levels. Initial clinical trials proved this theory, and dextro-thyroxine was used to lower cholesterol beginning in the 1950s, when thyroid extract became a standard treatment for hypercholesterolemic (high cholesterol) patients. Unfortunately, too much thyroid hormone made patients tremble all the time. Later, a large-scale, long-term clinical trial named the “Coronary Drug Project” established the association of dextro-thyroxine with ischemic heart disease as a severe side eff ect in men. As a consequence, thyroid hormone treatment was discontinued. Women, in contrast to men, enjoy natural cardiac protection through the action of the female sex hormones, the estrogens. In 1930, a minute quantity of estrogen was isolated from the ovaries of 80,000 sows. In the 1950s, reports appeared that estrogen could lower blood cholesterol levels even more effectively than nicotinic acid, another anticholesterol drug used at the time. Unfortunately, men on estrogen for too long began to develop feminine traits, including breast enlargement and loss of libido, and other side effects, although they did acquire relative immunity from heart attacks until late in life. Due to the lack of safe and effiicacious drugs, some doctors seemed willing to take their chances with estrogens.

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