Birth Outcome Production Function in the United States

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Corman ◽  
Theodore J. Joyce ◽  
Michael Grossman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
The United States

The Production Function for Manufacturing in the United States, 1904

1943 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Daly ◽  
Ernest Olson ◽  
Paul H. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Function ◽  
The United States

Productivity in the pulp and paper industries of the United States and Canada: a nonparametric analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2353-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiing-Shyang Hseu ◽  
Joseph Buongiorno
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Production Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Distance Functions ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industries

Partial and total measures of factor productivity are presented for the pulp and paper industries of the United States and Canada, from 1959 to 1987. Total factor productivity was measured with (1) a Tornqvist–Theil index, (2) a nonparametric index with translating hypothesis, and (3) a nonparametric index with distance functions. Method 1 implied a constant return to scale translog production function. Methods 2 and 3 removed any assumption on the functional form of the production function. Furthermore, method 3 allowed for fully disaggregated outputs. Methods 1 and 3 gave similar results within countries: an increase in total factor productivity of 0.7% per year in the United States and of 0.5% per year in Canada. Method 2 gave rates of growth of total factor productivity that were twice as high, but unreliable because of the assumptions of the method. From 1961 to 1984, when comparable data are available, methods 1 and 3 gave growth rates of total factor productivity that were significantly higher, statistically, in the United States than in Canada. Nevertheless, the differences seem to be too small to be of economic significance.

The Neural Network Production Function: Panel Evidence for the United States

2019 ◽  
pp. 953-978
Author(s):  
Mike G. Tsionas ◽  
Konstantinos N. Konstantakis ◽  
Panayotis G. Michaelides
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
United States ◽  
Production Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Neural Network

scholarly journals Estimating Effects of Agricultural Research and Extension Expenditures on Productivity: A Translog Production Function Approach

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syu-Jyun Larry Lyu ◽  
Fred C. White ◽  
Yao-Chi Lu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Production Function Approach ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThe effects of agricultural research and extension expenditures on productivity in the United States are estimated during the period 1949-81 using data for ten production regions. The large time-series cross-sectional data base allows the translog production function to be estimated directly. Results from the translog and Cobb-Douglas production functions are compared. The results indicate that use of the Cobb-Douglas production function would overestimate the internal rate of return of agricultural research and extension expenditures in the United States and eight production regions. The total marginal product and internal rate of return for the United States are $8.11 and 66 percent, respectively.

scholarly journals Interleukin-10 Predicts Preterm Birth in Acculturated Hispanics

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Wommack ◽  
R. Jeanne Ruiz ◽  
C. Nathan Marti ◽  
Raymond P. Stowe ◽  
Charles E. L. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective:Among Hispanics living in the United States, acculturation is associated with an increased risk for preterm birth. Inflammatory pathways are also associated with preterm birth. As such, the current study sought to investigate the potential relationships among preterm birth, acculturation of Hispanic women, and inflammatory markers.Study Design:The authors performed an observational study on pregnant Hispanic women in Texas at 22–24 weeks' gestation ( n = 470). The authors obtained demographic data prenatally as well as birth outcome data from the medical chart after delivery. The authors obtained venous blood and used plasma to assay interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). The authors used logistic regression to understand whether the presence or the absence of IL-10 levels was related to acculturation and the risk of preterm birth.Results:The authors observed interactions between undetectable IL-10 levels and years in the United States and undetectable IL-10 levels and being born in the United States in models predicting preterm birth. Follow-up probes of these interactions suggested that when IL-10 was undetectable, preterm birth became more likely as time living in the United States increased, χ2= 5.15 (1, 416), p = .020, odds ratio (OR) = 3.17, and was more likely in participants born in the United States than in those born elsewhere, χ2= 5.35 (1, 462), p = .020, OR = 16.78. The authors observed no interactions among acculturation, preterm birth, and IL-1RA and IL-6 levels.Conclusion:Acculturated Hispanics who lack the protective effects of IL-10 experience a markedly higher risk of preterm birth than nonacculturated Hispanics.

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