Ontogenetic Shifts in Gill-Raker Morphology and Predicted Prey Capture Efficiency of the Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus

Copeia ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. MacNeill ◽  
S. B. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Ontogenetic Shifts ◽  
Gill Raker

scholarly journals Correction to: Testing traditional hypotheses about prey capture efficiency in orb-web spiders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carolina da Silva ◽  
Mateus Moleta ◽  
Camila Alves Dos Anjos ◽  
Gabriel Marra Schade ◽  
Gabriel Staichak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Orb Web Spiders

scholarly journals Chaoborus prey capture efficiency in the light and dark1

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Swift ◽  
Richard B. Forwarder.
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Capture Efficiency

Determination of prey capture rates in the stony coral Galaxea fascicularis: a critical reconsideration of the clearance rate concept

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Osinga ◽  
Sanne Van Delft ◽  
Muhammad Wahyudin Lewaru ◽  
Max Janse ◽  
Johan A.J. Verreth
Keyword(s):  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Prey Item ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Galaxea Fascicularis ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Total Capture ◽  
Capture Rates

In order to determine optimal feeding regimes for captive corals, prey capture by the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis was determined by measuring clearance of prey items from the surrounding water. Colonies of G. fascicularis (sized between 200 and 400 polyps) were incubated in 1300 ml incubation chambers. Nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia sp. were used as the prey item. A series of incubation experiments was conducted to determine the maximal capture per feeding event and per day. To determine maximal capture per feeding event, total uptake of nauplii after one hour was determined for different prey item availabilities ranging from 50 to 4000 nauplii per polyp. To determine maximal capture per day, the corals were subjected to four repetitive feeding events at three different prey item densities (50, 100 and 150 nauplii per polyp). Alongside these quantitative experiments, it was tested to what extent the feeding response of corals is triggered by chemical cues. One hour after food addition, extract of Artemia nauplii was added to the incubation chambers to test its effect on subsequent prey capture rates. In all experiments, prey capture was expressed as the number of nauplii consumed per coral polyp. Total capture of Artemia nauplii by G. fascicularis after a single feeding event increased linearly up till a prey item availability of 2000 nauplii per polyp. Maximal capture per feeding event was estimated at 1200 nauplii per polyp, which is higher than rates reported in previous studies. It became apparent that at high densities of Artemia nauplii, the clearance rate method does not discriminate between active capture and passive sedimentation. Repetitive feeding with 50 nauplii per polyp resulted in a constant total prey capture per feeding event. At a supply of 100 nauplii per polyp, total capture decreased after the first feeding event, and remained constant during the subsequent feeding events at a level comparable to the lower food availability. However, at a supply of 150 nauplii per polyp, total capture per event was higher throughout the entire four-hour incubation period, which obfuscates an accurate estimation of the maximal daily food uptake. In all incubations, a decrease in capture efficiency was observed within the course of the feeding event. In all repetitive feeding experiments, capture efficiency increased immediately upon addition of a new batch of food. This increase in efficiency was not caused by a priming effect of extract of Artemia. The inconsistencies in the data show that estimates of prey capture based on clearance rates should be interpreted with caution, because this method does not take into account potential dynamics of prey capture and release.

scholarly journals Effects of Habitat Change on the Web Characteristics and Fitness of the Giant Wood Spider (Nephila pilipes) in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tharaka Wijerathna ◽  
Dilini Tharanga ◽  
Inoka C. Perera ◽  
Mayuri R. Wijesinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Silk Thread ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Female Abdomen ◽  
The Web

We compare web properties and fitness of the Giant wood spider Nephila pilpes within and outside its natural rainforest habitat in Sri Lanka. The nonforest habitats comprised rural home gardens and plantations. We hypothesize that marked differences would be evident between the two habitats in (i) web properties and (ii) fitness of the female spiders. Web architectural and silk thread properties were measured in 25 webs of adult female spiders in each of the two habitats, while female abdomen size was used as the proxy for fitness. Findings support both hypotheses. The nonforest webs were more closely knit (smaller mesh spaces) and the hub was placed at higher position on the web than that in the forest webs both altering prey capture efficiency. Also, females in nonforest habitats were significantly smaller than those in the forest, indicating lowered fitness. The disparities in web characteristics and fitness are impressive given that the forest and nonforest habitats are located in close proximity, suggesting that rainforest orbweaver spiders such as Nephila pilpes may suffer population declines if the extents of natural forest continue to shrink.

scholarly journals Interpopulation variation in a fish predator drives evolutionary divergence in prey in lakes

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1718) ◽  
pp. 2628-2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Walsh ◽  
David M. Post
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Selective Predation ◽  
Fish Predator ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Evolutionary Diversification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gill Raker

Ecological factors are known to cause evolutionary diversification. Recent work has shown that evolution in strongly interacting predator species has reciprocal impacts on ecosystems. These divergent impacts of predators may alter the selective landscape and cause the evolution of prey. Yet, this link between intraspecific variation and evolution is unexplored. We compared the life history of a species of zooplankton ( Daphnia ambigua ) from lakes in New England in which the dominant planktivorous predator, the alewife ( Alosa pseudoharengus ), differs in feeding traits and migratory behaviour. Anadromous alewife (seasonal migrants) exhibit larger gapes, gill-raker spacing and target larger prey than landlocked alewife (year-round freshwater resident). In ‘anadromous’ lakes, Daphnia are abundant in the spring but extirpated by alewife predation in summer. Daphnia are rare year-round in ‘landlocked’ lakes. We show that Daphnia from lakes with anadromous alewife grew faster, matured earlier but at the same size and produced more offspring than Daphnia from lakes with landlocked or no alewife across multiple temperature and resource treatments. Our results are inconsistent with a response to size-selective predation but are better explained as an adaptation to colder temperatures and shorter periods of development (countergradient variation) mediated by seasonal alewife predation.

The Structure of the Trap and Trap-Building Behavior in Callistoleon-Manselli New (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Matsura ◽  
RL Kitching
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Building Behavior ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Building Behaviour ◽  
Advanced Development

Larvae of the antlion Callistoleon manselli New build pitfall traps that have attached radiating furrows. In order to evaluate this unique trap-building behaviour from an evolutionary viewpoint, we analysed the shape of,traps in the field, then examined the process of trap construction and the efficiency of the pitfalls in prey capture. Larvae of C manselli construct the radiating furrows after building the central pit. Larvae provided with food ad libitum tend not to construct furrows at all. Capture efficiency for the pits with furrows was greater than for pits without furrows. The pitfall traps constructed by C. manselli evidently represent a more advanced development than the simple pits of other species.

Prey capture efficiency in brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) is influenced by sex and corpus callosum morphology

2010 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Hellner-Burris ◽  
Courtney A. Sobieski ◽  
Valerie R. Gilbert ◽  
Kimberley A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Cebus Apella ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document