Spatial Equilibrium Distribution of Agricultural Production and Land Values

1972 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Casetti
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium

Nearest-neighbour systems: a lemma with application to Bartlett's global solutions

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Besag
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Global Solutions ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Dimensional Lattice

Bartlett has proposed two alternative forms of spatial-temporal Markov model, each leading to the standard spatial equilibrium distribution for nearest-neighbour systems on a multi-dimensional lattice. The validity of one of these forms is discussed with the aid of a lemma.

Nearest-neighbour systems: a lemma with application to Bartlett's global solutions

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Besag
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Global Solutions ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Dimensional Lattice

Bartlett has proposed two alternative forms of spatial-temporal Markov model, each leading to the standard spatial equilibrium distribution for nearest-neighbour systems on a multi-dimensional lattice. The validity of one of these forms is discussed with the aid of a lemma.

Physical nearest-neighbour models and non-linear time-series

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Dimensional Lattice ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Non Linear

A general class of spatial-temporal Markov processes is defined leading to the standard spatial equilibrium distribution for nearest-neighbour models on a multi-dimensional lattice. Physical properties are obtainable from the marginal spatial spectral function. However, only the simplest one-dimensional case corresponds to a linear model with a readily derived spectrum. Non-linear models corresponding to two- and three-dimensional lattices are presented in their simplest terms, and a preliminary discussion of approximate solutions is included.

Properties of a One-Dimensional Coulomb Gas

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1319-1322
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Heffernan ◽  
Richard L. Liboff
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Plasma Frequency ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Coulomb Gas ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Particle Vibrations ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Reduced Distributions

AbstractThe BBKGY equations for N identical, impenetrable, charged particles which move in one dimension and lie in a charge neutralizing background, are shown to separate into N uncoupled equations for the sequence of N reduced distributions. The potential relevant to any subgroup of s adjoining particles is that of an «-dimensional harmonic oscillator whose frequency is the plasma frequency of the aggregate. The «-particle spatial equilibrium distribution reveals that particle vibrations remain centered about fixed, uniformly distributed sites as σ/T goes from zero to infinity, where σ is particle density and T is temperature. Thus it is concluded that the system suffers no change in phase for all σ and T.

scholarly journals Provisioning an Early City: Spatial Equilibrium in the Agricultural Economy at Angkor, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Klassen ◽  
Scott G. Ortman ◽  
José Lobo ◽  
Damian Evans
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Food System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Extensive Documentation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marginal Returns

Abstract A dominant view in economic anthropology is that farmers must overcome decreasing marginal returns in the process of intensification. However, it is difficult to reconcile this view with the emergence of urban systems, which require substantial increases in labor productivity to support a growing non-farming population. This quandary is starkly posed by the rise of Angkor (Cambodia, 9th–fourteenth centuries CE), one of the most extensive preindustrial cities yet documented through archaeology. Here, we leverage extensive documentation of the Greater Angkor Region to illustrate how the social and spatial organization of agricultural production contributed to its food system. First, we find evidence for supra-household-level organization that generated increasing returns to farming labor. Second, we find spatial patterns which indicate that land-use choices took transportation costs to the urban core into account. These patterns suggest agricultural production at Angkor was organized in ways that are more similar to other forms of urban production than to a smallholder system.

SPATIAL EQUILIBRIUM RESIDENTIAL LAND VALUES IN A MULTICENTER SETTING

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Papageorgiou ◽  
Emilio Casetti
Keyword(s):  
Land Values ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Residential Land

scholarly journals The Historically Evolving Impact of the Ogallala Aquifer: Agricultural Adaptation to Groundwater and Drought

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hornbeck ◽  
Pinar Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Ogallala Aquifer ◽  
Agricultural Adaptation ◽  
Drought Sensitivity ◽  
Large Scope ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
The Impact

Agriculture on the American Plains has been constrained historically by water scarcity. Post-WWII technologies enabled farmers over the Ogallala aquifer to extract groundwater for large-scale irrigation. Comparing counties over the Ogallala with nearby similar counties, groundwater access increased agricultural land values and initially reduced the impact of droughts. Over time, land use adjusted toward water intensive crops and drought sensitivity increased. Viewed differently, farmers in nearby water-scarce areas maintained lowervalue drought-resistant practices that fully mitigate naturally higher drought sensitivity. The evolving impact of the Ogallala illustrates the importance of water for agricultural production, but also the large scope for agricultural adaptation to groundwater and drought. (JEL N51, N52, Q15, Q25, Q54)

scholarly journals Comprehensive wealth measurement and spatial hedonic analysis : social capital and social amenities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jinhyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
The United States ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Comprehensive Wealth ◽  
Social Amenities

The last decade has seen a growing interest in the concept of comprehensive wealth, which is defined as including intangible and non-market as well as tangible and market assets. This dissertation responds to this rising interest by developing explicit concepts, indicators, and sources of data necessary to measure comprehensive wealth at various spatial scales. It achieves this by generalizing the general spatial equilibrium model proposed by Roback (1982). The key contributions of this research are the extension and application of the comprehensive wealth concept to measure the value of social amenities generated as a result of public and private investments in social and other types of capital. This dissertation extends the Roback model by identifying appropriate data on local income, land values, and place-based amenities at the county level in the contiguous 48 states of the United States. This dissertation reports substantial findings based on the empirical analysis. While the results are largely consistent with those of Roback and other, more recent papers and with theoretical expectations, this study found significantly different effects of amenities on wages and land values between metro and non-metro counties due to different marginal effects on wages and land values. The analysis also found significant spatial interaction effects, which influence the magnitude of the full implicit price for social amenity variables, again with significant differences between metro and non-metro counties. Finally, the extended model is able to determine whether the social amenities are at optimal levels. There are important implications of this research. Policies to enhance social amenities from immobile social capital and local public services can reduce both real costs of production and the societal opportunity costs of development in the long term. Well-designed policy and investment in immobile and non-marketed amenities of a location will make a place more attractive and sustainable, conferring benefits to residents and local businesses. The proposed typology can be useful for designing policy and investment plans for sustainable regional economic development. The model can also be used to conduct simulations to predict the effects of policy on comprehensive wealth given locally unique and dynamic combinations of regional assets. Keywords: Comprehensive Wealth; Spatial Equilibrium Model; Non-market Valuation; Social Amenities; Social Capital

Physical nearest-neighbour models and non-linear time-series

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Dimensional Lattice ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Non Linear

A general class of spatial-temporal Markov processes is defined leading to the standard spatial equilibrium distribution for nearest-neighbour models on a multi-dimensional lattice. Physical properties are obtainable from the marginal spatial spectral function. However, only the simplest one-dimensional case corresponds to a linear model with a readily derived spectrum. Non-linear models corresponding to two- and three-dimensional lattices are presented in their simplest terms, and a preliminary discussion of approximate solutions is included.

The Impact of the Boll Weevil, 1892–1932

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Lange ◽  
Alan L. Olmstead ◽  
Paul W. Rhode
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Land Values ◽  
County Level ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Sharp Estimates ◽  
Squeeze Out ◽  
Large Crop ◽  
The Impact

The boll weevil is America's most celebrated agricultural pest. We analyze new county-level panel data to provide sharp estimates of the time path of the insect's effects on the southern economy. We find that in anticipation of the contact, farmers increased production, attempting to squeeze out one last large crop. Upon arrival, the weevil had a large negative and lasting impact on cotton production, acreage, and especially yields. In response, rather than taking land out of agricultural production, farmers shifted to other crops. We also find striking effects on land values and population movements.

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