Stimulus Selection by Five-, Seven-, and Nine-Year-Old Children

1970 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Solso
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Selection

Analisis Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMP Dalam Pembalajaran Outdoor-Modeling Mathematics Berdasarkan Gaya Belajar

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofnidar ◽  
Hartina ◽  
Kamid ◽  
Khairul Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Student Behavior ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Stimulus Selection ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Motor Activities

Prilaku belajar adalah suatu sikap y ang muncul dari diri siswa dalam menanggapi dan meresponi setiap kegiatan belajar mengajar yang terjadi. salah satu wujud dari prilaku adalah motivasi belajar. Menurut teori behavioristik, belajar adalah perubahan tingkah laku sebagai akibat adanya interaksi antara stimulus (rangsangan) dan respon (tanggapan). Stimulus yang diberikan guru dalam pembelajaran tertuang dalam rancangan aktifitas pembelajaran. Aktivitas pembelajaran merupakan kegiatan yang dirancang guru untuk mewujudkan dan atau menciptkan kondisi belajar siswa (stimulus). Pemilihan aktivitas belajar yang sesuai memungkinkan untuk terjadinya efektivitas pedagogis dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, maupun dapat membentuk prilaku positif siswa (respon) dalam belajar. Desain pembelajaran berbasis outdoor-medelling mathematics memuat serangkain aktivitas kegiatan pembelajaran yang berbassis investigasi konteks masalah outdoor (masalah real life) dengan muatan konten materi modeling mathematics. Pada makalah ini akan membahas prilaku belajar dan bagaimana motivasi terbentuk melaui aktifitas kegiatan pebelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics yang diklasifikasikan menjadi motoractivities mentalactivities, visualactivities, emotionalactivities, motoractivitie.Melalui metode kulitatif deskriptif, dengan mengambil 20 siswa kelas IX-B SMP N 1 Muaro Jambi yang mempunyai gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik. Setelah pelaksanaan pembelajaran, pengambilan data dilakukan melalui angket, dan lembar pengamatan beserta wawancara ke subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran yang dapat memotivasi siswa belajar matematika adalah visualactivities sebesar 74,16%; motoractivities sebesar 96,67%; mentalactivities sebesar 71,66%; dan emotionalactivities sebesar 73,33%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics matematika yang paling dominan dapat memotivasi siswa belajar adalah motoractivities dengan persentasi 96,67% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan sangat memotivasi siswa belajar matematika dalam pembelajaran luar kelas. Indikatornya adalah melakukan percobaan. Kelebihan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran outdoor-medelling mathematics adalah, aktivitas belajar lebih membuat siswa termotivasi untuk belajar matematika. Siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan interaksi dengan teman sesamanya semakin meningkat juga. Adapun kelemahan aktivitas belajar dalam pembelajaran luar kelas adalah sulit untuk siswa terfokus dalam aktivitas belajar yang sedang dilakukan.   Learning behavior is an attitude that arises from students in responding and responding to each teaching and learning activity that occurs. one form of behavior is learning motivation. According to behavioristic theory, learning is a change in behavior as a result of an interaction between stimulus (stimulus) and response (response). The stimulus given by the teacher in learning is contained in the design of learning activities. Learning activities are activities designed by the teacher to realize and or create the conditions for student learning (stimulus). Selection of appropriate learning activities allows for the occurrence of pedagogical effectiveness in achieving learning goals, and can form positive student behavior (response) in learning. Outdoor-based learning mathematics learning design contains a series of learning activities based on the context of outdoor problems (real life problems) with the content of modeling mathematics material. In this paper will discuss learning behavior and how motivation is formed through the activities of learning activities outdoor-modeling mathematics which are classified into mental activities, visual activities, emotional activities, motor activities. Through the descriptive qualitative method, taking 20 students of class IX-B Muaro Jambi Middle School 1 who have visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles. after the implementation of learning, data retrieval was carried out through questionnaires, and observation sheets and interviews to the research subjects. The results showed that learning activities in learning that could motivate students to learn mathematics were visual activities at 74.16%, motor activities at 96.67%, mental activities at 71.66%, and emotional activities at 73.33 %%. Based on the results of the analysis carried out learning activities in mathematics outdoor-modeling mathematics learning the most dominant motivating students to learn is motor activities with a percentage of 96.67% with very good criteria and very motivating students to learn mathematics in learning outside the classroom. The indicator is to experiment. The advantages of learning activities in outdoor-modeling mathematics learning are that learning activities make students more motivated to learn mathematics. Students become more active and interactions with their peers also increase. The weaknesses of learning activities in learning outside the classroom is difficult for students to focus on the learning activities that are being done.

scholarly journals Space-Specific Deficits in Visual Orientation Discrimination Caused by Lesions in the Midbrain Stimulus Selection Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 2053-2064.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric I. Knudsen ◽  
Jason S. Schwarz ◽  
Phyllis F. Knudsen ◽  
Devarajan Sridharan
Keyword(s):  
Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Visual Orientation ◽  
Stimulus Selection

scholarly journals “Shepherd’s crook” neurons drive and synchronize the enhancing and suppressive mechanisms of the midbrain stimulus selection network

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (32) ◽  
pp. E7615-E7623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Garrido-Charad ◽  
Tomas Vega-Zuniga ◽  
Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez ◽  
Pedro Fernandez ◽  
Luciana López-Jury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Stimulus Selection ◽  
Common Input ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Neural Tracing ◽  
Input Signals

The optic tectum (TeO), or superior colliculus, is a multisensory midbrain center that organizes spatially orienting responses to relevant stimuli. To define the stimulus with the highest priority at each moment, a network of reciprocal connections between the TeO and the isthmi promotes competition between concurrent tectal inputs. In the avian midbrain, the neurons mediating enhancement and suppression of tectal inputs are located in separate isthmic nuclei, facilitating the analysis of the neural processes that mediate competition. A specific subset of radial neurons in the intermediate tectal layers relay retinal inputs to the isthmi, but at present it is unclear whether separate neurons innervate individual nuclei or a single neural type sends a common input to several of them. In this study, we used in vitro neural tracing and cell-filling experiments in chickens to show that single neurons innervate, via axon collaterals, the three nuclei that comprise the isthmotectal network. This demonstrates that the input signals representing the strength of the incoming stimuli are simultaneously relayed to the mechanisms promoting both enhancement and suppression of the input signals. By performing in vivo recordings in anesthetized chicks, we also show that this common input generates synchrony between both antagonistic mechanisms, demonstrating that activity enhancement and suppression are closely coordinated. From a computational point of view, these results suggest that these tectal neurons constitute integrative nodes that combine inputs from different sources to drive in parallel several concurrent neural processes, each performing complementary functions within the network through different firing patterns and connectivity.

scholarly journals Snakes vs. Guns: A Systematic Review of Comparisons Between Phylogenetic and Ontogenetic Threats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Shapouri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Stimulus Selection ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Illusory Correlation ◽  
Specific Phobias

The potential differences between phylogenetic threats (e.g., snakes) and ontogenetic threats (e.g., guns) can have a wide-ranging impact on a variety of theoretical and practical issues, from etiology of specific phobias to stimulus selection in psychophysiological studies, yet this line of research has not been systematically reviewed. Here, we summarize and synthesize findings from fear conditioning, illusory correlation, attention bias and neuroimaging studies that have compared these two types of threats to human survival. While a few brain imaging studies reveals preliminary evidence for different brain networks involved in the processing of phylogenetic and ontogenetic threats, attention bias studies tentatively show faster reaction time for modern threats, illusory correlation bias is evident for both types of threats, and fear conditioning studies are far from conclusive. The results of behavioral experiments, especially attention bias research, pose a challenge to established theories like biological preparedness and fear module. We discuss the findings in terms of other theories that might explain the same results and conclude with potential future directions.

scholarly journals APPLYING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR MODEL TO THE STUFF LABOR MOTIVATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
S. I. Dobrydnev ◽  
T. S. Dobrydneva
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Stimulus Selection ◽  
Behavior Model ◽  
Methodological Feature ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Type Definition ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Motivation Model

The article appeals to the problem of designing motivation model for the labor behavior of company stuff. Human behavior is one of the key areas of research in many fields of knowledge. The main forms of human behavior in economics are consumer and labor behavior. For each of them, extensive theoretical and practical material has been developed, a significant variety of behaviors has been proposed. Moreover, in the absence of general models of human behavior that would be applicable in any field of his activity, each science develops its own methodological apparatus and builds models based on its own approaches. Models of consumer behavior describe a clearly defined object (purchasing act), are specific and practically oriented. Patterns of labour behaviour are more general and relate to conduct in general, but not to a specific act of activity. The article attempts to apply the principles of building models of consumer behavior to modeling labor behavior. The model of type “Definition of target actions — Stimulus selection — Information and desire — Choice and location — Check and preference — Confirmation and relation” is proposed. The content of these stages for the task of changing labor behavior is shown. A methodological feature of the model is the isolation of rational and emotional aspects in some elements of labor behavior.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document