Binocular Subjective Colors and the Visual Mechanism

1954 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Burnham
Keyword(s):  
Visual Mechanism

Rh6 gene modulates the visual mechanism of host utilization in fruit fly Bactrocera minax

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Wang ◽  
Awawing A Andongma ◽  
Yongcheng Dong ◽  
Zhenzhong Chen ◽  
Penghui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Visual Mechanism ◽  
Host Utilization

The Visual Mechanism in Diabetes Mellitus

1935 ◽  
Vol 212 (10) ◽  
pp. 429-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. HERBERT WAITE ◽  
WILLIAM P. BEETHAM
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Visual Mechanism

scholarly journals Outline and surface disruption in animal camouflage

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1657) ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Stevens ◽  
Isabel S Winney ◽  
Abi Cantor ◽  
Julia Graham
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
High Luminance ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Avian Predators ◽  
Disruptive Coloration ◽  
Visual Mechanism

Camouflage is an important strategy in animals to prevent predation. This includes disruptive coloration, where high-contrast markings placed at an animal's edge break up the true body shape. Successful disruption may also involve non-marginal markings found away from the body outline that create ‘false edges’ more salient than the true body form (‘surface disruption’). However, previous work has focused on breaking up the true body outline, not on surface disruption. Furthermore, while high contrast may enhance disruption, it is untested where on the body different contrasts should be placed for maximum effect. We used artificial prey presented to wild avian predators in the field, to determine the effectiveness of surface disruption, and of different luminance contrast placed in different prey locations. Disruptive coloration was no more effective when comprising high luminance contrast per se , but its effectiveness was dramatically increased with high-contrast markings placed away from the body outline, creating effective surface disruption. A model of avian visual edge processing showed that surface disruption does not make object detection more difficult simply by creating false edges away from the true body outline, but its effect may also be based on a different visual mechanism. Our study has implications for whether animals can combine disruptive coloration with other ‘conspicuous’ signalling strategies.

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