On the Method of Bisection and Its Relation to a Loudness Scale

1937 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Newman ◽  
John Volkmann ◽  
S. S. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Loudness Scale

Intratympanic methylprednisolone injections for subjective tinnitus

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (11) ◽  
pp. 1221-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Topak ◽  
A Sahin-Yilmaz ◽  
T Ozdoganoglu ◽  
H B Yilmaz ◽  
M Ozbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Subjective Tinnitus ◽  
Tinnitus Severity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Loudness Scale

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to determine whether intratympanically injected methylprednisolone is effective in treating subjective tinnitus refractory to medical treatment.Study design:Prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, single-blinded study.Methods:Seventy adult patients with subjective tinnitus of cochlear origin were randomly assigned to receive intratympanic injection of either methylprednisolone or saline solution. The treatment protocol comprised three intratympanic injections, one per week for three weeks. Improvement in tinnitus severity was measured by a self-rated tinnitus loudness scale and by the tinnitus severity index, at baseline and two weeks after the last injection.Results:Data for 59 patients were available for analysis. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups regarding age, sex, pure tone average, pretreatment tinnitus intensity, tinnitus laterality or tinnitus duration. There was a significant post-treatment improvement in self-rated tinnitus loudness scale results in both groups. No significant post-treatment changes in the tinnitus severity index individual and total scores were observed in either group. The most frequently encountered side effects were pain during injection, vertigo, a burning sensation around the ear and in the throat, and a bitter taste. A burning sensation and bitter taste were observed more often in the methylprednisolone group compared with the placebo groupConclusion:The results of this study indicate that intratympanic methylprednisolone has no benefit, compared with placebo, for the treatment of subjective tinnitus of cochlear origin refractory to medical treatment.

Direct Comparisons of the Autophonic Scale and the Loudness Scale

1963 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-777
Author(s):  
Lee McMahon ◽  
James Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Loudness Scale

On the Validity of the Loudness Scale

1959 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Loudness Scale

Counting the steps for a loudness scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. A142-A142
Author(s):  
Lance Nizami ◽  
Claire S. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Loudness Scale

scholarly journals The monaural threshold: effect of a subliminal contralateral stimulus

1938 ◽  
Vol 124 (837) ◽  
pp. 406-420 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Threshold Intensity ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
The One ◽  
Loudness Scale ◽  
Contralateral Stimulus

It has been assumed by some workers that the intensity of a note of any frequency in either ear at the binaural threshold is one-half of the threshold intensity in either ear when used alone, i.e. at the monaural threshold. Another form of the assumption is the statem ent that the monaural threshold intensity is 3.0 db. above the intensity in either ear at the binaural threshold. In the course of the investigation of the possibility of forming a loudness scale, Churcher (1935), and Fletcher and Munson (1933), have found that the intensity of a note when heard binaurally may be assumed to be onehalf of that of the same note heard monaurally when the note is judged to be equally loud under the two conditions of listening. In the present work, this fact has been further verified. The measurements were extended to the cases in which the subliminal note presented to the one ear w’as maintained at various levels below the monaural threshold, and the intensity of the note applied to the other ear to reach the “ binaural” threshold was determined. In this way it was possible to find the relation between the energy required at the monaural threshold and the total energy required at the “binaural” threshold determined under these conditions. The experiments were also carried out with notes of different frequencies in the two ears in an endeavour to investigate the variations of total energy in such cases. Two heterodyne oscillators were used to provide pure notes of the various frequencies used during the work. The first of these (oscillator A ) was already available, and has been described elsewhere (Shaxby and Gage 1932); the second (oscillator B ) was a commercial oscillator of similar frequency range, viz. 30-10,000 c./sec. A , if allowed to run for about an hour, was very stable in frequency, varying by only 1 or 2 c./sec. during the next 7 hr. B drifted for about 2 hr. fairly rapidly, and thereafter drifted quite steadily at the rate of 10-15 c./sec. every hour. A was therefore used as the frequency standard. It was adjusted to read correctly by the “zerobeat” method after the “settling down” period, and set to the particular frequency required; B was brought into unison with it. The actual frequency of B could be determined in this way at any time, and its drift checked.

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