The History and Derivation of the Word 'Function' as a Systematic Term in Psychology

1915 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Dallenbach
Keyword(s):  
Word Function

The Paradox of Theory and Practice: The Case of Auxiliaries in Arabic

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Aziza Saleh Alzabidi
Keyword(s):  
Curriculum Development ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Incomplete Information ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Word Classification ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Word Function

Reviewing most traditional linguistics and grammar books about Arabic shows clear controversy over auxiliaries. There are indications of the use of verbs and particles which fulfill the function of auxiliaries, but they are not recognized as being such. They are classified under different word classes other than auxiliaries. Hence, there have been many recent attempts to validate the argument of the availability of auxiliaries in Arabic by researchers who signify their uses in rich corpora. Yet, many curriculum development committees prescribe textbooks which show no interest in investing the rational results of these attempts. These textbooks do not give word function the required consideration when discussing rules and generalizations. Modern linguists and textbooks designers should find a new perspective of word classification to facilitate the study and the practice in certain fields like translation, contrastive linguistics and error analysis. The nonalignment of linguistic theory and what is actually done in practice is one of the major causes of the errors in composition and translation between Arabic and English. The problem becomes more complicated when instructors have incomplete information or false beliefs via which they deepen the gap between theory and practice rather than bridging it. There is a need to assist learners and translation trainees with reliable training to master linguistic analysis and to select the best equivalents accurately and promptly which they need for successful career. 

scholarly journals On the Oscillation Functions derived from a Discontinuous Function

1914 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
L. R. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Real Variable ◽  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Discontinuous Function ◽  
Discontinuous Functions ◽  
Word Function ◽  
Points Of Discontinuity

In this paper are introduced what we shall term “successive oscillation functions.” These functions are derived from functions of a real variable. The word “function” as here used has its widest meaning. We say y is a function of x in an interval of the the x-axis, if given any value of x, in the interval one or more values of y are thereby determined. The values of the function may be determined by any arbitrary law whatsoever. We shall deal with discontinuous functions; the theorems will be true for continuous functions, but will be trivial, except in the case of functions which are discontinuous and whose points of discontinuity are infinite in number. We shall assume in what follows that the values of the function lie between finite limits.

What the Word “Function” Means to Algebra Teachers

1943 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Lee J. Cronbach
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Present Article ◽  
College Mathematics ◽  
High School Algebra ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Word Function ◽  
Technical Terms

Teachers are well aware of the fact that the pupil who can repeat the definition of a word may not really understand what that word means. Since understanding of technical terms in a subject like mathematics is essential, it is important for the teacher to determine whether the pupil has really mastered basic words. In one of a series of studies, the writer sought to construct a test which would determine how well pupils understand the word function, a term generally considered basic in work in advanced high school algebra and college mathematics. While attempting to build the test, it was found that teachers often did not agree as to whether a given expression should be called a function; this suggested that it might be important to determine just what is being taught as the meaning of function, since agreement as to what is being tested is necessary before a test can be constructed. The present article reports an attempt to determine what typical teachers of algebra mean when they speak of a function.

The Trigtractor—A Visual Aid for Teaching Trigonometry

1945 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Edwin Eagle
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Trigonometric Functions ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Visual Aid ◽  
The University ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Word Function

The use of the word, function, in connection with the trigonometric ratios, implies related change. It is difficult, by means of a picture, or even by a series of still pictures, to develop in the pupil's mind this idea of functional change relationship. Failure to develop this concept adequately is the basic cause of very much of the difficulties which arise throughout a trigonometry course. To many, “sin A equals opposite side over hypotenuse, or ordinate over distance,” is a verbal memorization without a clear mental picture, and with the idea of functional dependence entirely lacking. To meet this difficulty in his trigonometry classes at the University of California, Dr. Merton Hill uses a large protractor with a movable radius strip carrying a movable ordinate strip at its outer extremity. The visual aid device pictured and described in this article, which for lack of a better term I call a “trigtractor,” is a further development of this protractor idea. It is a real time saver and simplifies matters much in: (1) teaching clear concepts of the trigonometric functions; (2) representing functions as a single line; (3) explaining changes in the functions from positive to negative and vice-versa from quadrant to quadrant; and (4) comparing functions of angles in one quadrant with those in another, especially in expressing functions of obtuse and reflex angles in terms of functions of acute angles.

THE COMPLEXITY OF WORD CIRCUITS

2010 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 483-492
Author(s):  
XUE CHEN ◽  
GUANGDA HU ◽  
XIAOMING SUN
Keyword(s):  
Directed Acyclic Graph ◽  
Order Term ◽  
General Setting ◽  
Natural Generalization ◽  
Input Word ◽  
Boolean Circuit ◽  
Binary Function ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Word Function

A word circuit [1] is a directed acyclic graph in which each edge holds a w-bit word (i.e., some x ∈ {0, 1}w) and each node is a gate computing some binary function g : {0, 1}w × {0, 1}w → {0, 1}w. The following problem was studied in [1]: How many binary gates are needed to compute a ternary function f : ({0, 1}w)3 → {0, 1}w. They proved that (2 + o(1))2w binary gates are enough for any ternary function, and there exists a ternary function which requires word circuits of size (1 - o(1))2w. One of the open problems in [1] is to get these bounds tight within a low order term. In this paper we solved this problem by constructing new word circuits for ternary functions of size (1 + o(1))2w. We investigate the problem in a general setting: How many k-input word gates are needed for computing an n-input word function f : ({0, 1}w)n → {0, 1}w (here n ≥ k). We show that for any fixed n, (1 - o(1))2(n - k)w basic gates are necessary and (1 + o(1))2(n - k)w gates are sufficient (assume w is sufficiently large). Since word circuit is a natural generalization of boolean circuit, we also consider the case when w is a constant and the number of inputs n is sufficiently large. We show that [Formula: see text] basic gates are necessary and sufficient in this case.

The missing-letter effect in Hebrew: Word frequency or word function?

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Koriat ◽  
Seth N. Greenberg ◽  
Yona Goldshmid
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Hebrew Word ◽  
Word Function

Functions

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315
Author(s):  
David C. Johnson ◽  
Louis S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Function Concept ◽  
Mathematical Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Word Function ◽  
Rational Decisions

One of the most interesting and important unifying concepts in school mathematics is the function concept.1 One often hears such expressions as “the function of the brain is to enable a person to make rational decisions” or “the function of a lamp is to give light.” However, the mathematical use of the word “function” is linked to the historical use of the word by mathematicians and scientists. Historically, mathematicians and scientists have used the word “function” to illustrate how one condition or “state” affects another. For example, they use such phrases as “distance is a function of time,” “water pressure is a function of depth,” and “the area of a circle is a function of its radius.” You will note that these expressions suggest pairs—distance and time, pressure and depth, area and radius. In the following discussion we will first review the mathematical definition of function, and then present some practical uses of functions. Part 2 of this article give examples of functions that can be used to describe some real life situations.

scholarly journals The influence of word function in the missing-letter effect: Further evidence from French

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Saint-Aubin ◽  
Marie Poirier
Keyword(s):  
Word Function

scholarly journals TATA RIAS PENGANTIN AGUNG JEMBRANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Kadek Hermayani ◽  
Ni Ketut Widiartini ◽  
Made Diah Angendari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Key Word ◽  
And Function ◽  
Meaning And Function ◽  
Word Function ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tata rias pengantin Agung Jembrana, fungsi dan makna tata rias pengantin Agung Jembrana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di LKP W & W Asri. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi dan wawancara. Instrument penelitian berupa lembar observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian tata rias pengantin agung Jembrana yang berbeda pada umumnya terdiri dari (a) tata rias wajah meliputi: serinata dan alis-alis (b) tatanan rambut pengantin wanita meliputi: bunga menori putih, bunga menori kuncup putih dan sanggul gelung tanduk. Pada pengantin pria meliputi: udeng. (c) busana pengantin wanita meliputi: tapih wali, kamen songket, selendang bersulam benang emas, selendang cerari dan baju bludru hitam. Pengantin pria meliputi: kamen mastuli penuh, saput songket, umpal cerari dan baju bludru hitam. (d) aksesoris pengantin wanita meliputi: subeng, sabuk pending, gelang nagasatru dan kalung binar. Pengantin pria meliputi: rumbing, gelang nagasatru dan gelang kaki, keris dan pucuk emas. Kata Kunci: Fungsi, Makna, Tata Rias, Pengantin Agung, Kabupaten Jembrana Abstract This study aimed at describing the bridal makeup of Agung Jembrana, the meaning and function of the bridal makeup of Agung Jembrana. This study employed descriptive qualitative research. The research location of this study was at LKP W & W Asri. This study used observation and interview method for collecting the data. The research instruments were observation sheet and interview guidelines. The results indicated that, the bridal makeup of Agung Jembrana consisted of (a) makeup, included: serinata, eyebrows. (b) the bride’s hairdo, included: white menori flower, bud-white menori flower, and sanggul gelung tanduk. Meanwhile, the groom, included: udeng. (c) bridal gowns, included: tapih wali, kamen songket, scarves embroidered by gold thread, cerari scraves, black velvet shirt. The groom, included: full of kamen mastuli, saput songket, umpal cerari, and black velvet shirt. (d) bridal accessories, included: subeng, pending belt, naga satru bracelets, and binar necklace. The groom, included: rumbing, naga satru bracelets and anklets, keris, and the flower put on the udeng. Key Word: Function, Mean, Great Bridal Makeup Agung. Regency, Jembrana

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