Altitudinal Migration in the Mountain Chickadee

The Condor ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L. Dixon ◽  
John D. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Altitudinal Migration ◽  
Mountain Chickadee

scholarly journals Multi-tissue δ2H analysis reveals altitudinal migration and tissue-specific discrimination patterns inCinclodes

Ecosphere ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. art213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth D. Newsome ◽  
Pablo Sabat ◽  
Nathan Wolf ◽  
Jonathan A. Rader ◽  
Carlos Martinez del Rio
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Altitudinal Migration

scholarly journals Use of Citizen Science Data for Characterizing Patterns and Drivers of Avian Altitudinal Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Yu Tsai ◽  
Chie-Jen Ko ◽  
Ya-Jung Lu ◽  
Chia Hsieh ◽  
Mao-Ning Tuanmu
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Altitudinal Migration

Altitudinal migration, the seasonal and repeateing movement of animal individuals between breeding and non-breeding areas at different elevations, is a common and important but understudied behavior in birds. Difficulty in characterizing avian altitudinal migration has prevented a comprehensive understanding of both patterns and drivers of this behavior. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated altitudinal migration patterns and underlying mechanisms for a major proportion (~70%) of an entire resident bird community on a subtropical island with an almost 4000-m elevational gradient. We quantified migration tendency of individual bird species based on the seasonal shift in the elevational distribution of their occurrence records in the eBird database. We then built phylogeny-controlled regression models to examine the associations between the birds’ migration tendencies and their functional traits to test major hypotheses on the mechanisms of altitudinal migration. The results showed a common but variable altitudinal migration behavior among the 118 species examined, with 40 and 11 species conducting post-breeding downhill and uphill migration, respectively. The species that have a narrower thermal tolerance range, can tolerate lower temperatures, have a smaller body size, have a more diverse or invertebrate-rich diet, or use an open nest had a higher downhill migration tendency. In contrast, no traits examined showed consistent associations with the uphill migration tendency. This suggests that post-breeding downhill and uphill migrations are driven by different processes and current hypotheses can only explain the former, but not the latter. This relatively comprehensive study demonstrated the power of citizen science data to provide new insights into an old research question from a novel perspective. Using the same approach, we are investigating the behavior in mountain regions around the world. With the global analysis, we will be able to understand the general patterns and mechanisms of avian altitudinal migration and also investigate their variation among mountain regions in different climate zones. In the face of rapid environmental changes in mountain ecosystems, the approach used in this study may also provide essential information for the conservation of mountainous biodiversity.

scholarly journals The annual cycle of the White-ruffed ManakinCorapipo leucorrhoa, a tropical frugivorous altitudinal migrant, and its food plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreta Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Altitudinal Migration ◽  
Tentative Evidence ◽  
Moult Period ◽  
Almost All

SummaryFrugivorous White-ruffed ManakinsCorapipo leucorrhoa(Pipridae) showed pro nounced seasonal emigration from a pre-montane wet forest site (550 m) on the Atlantic slope of Costa Rica. “Resident” breeders left the area between August and October, and returned between February and April, at the onset of the breeding season. Female patterns differed from those of males primarily in later departure (October) and later return (April). I documented 57 fruit species in the diet at this locality and monitored phenology for 43 of those species, many of which were understorey members of the Melastomataceae. The emigration did not coincide with a period of local fruit shortage (relative to abundance at the same locality in other months), but the relative abundance and species composition of fruit resources in the areas to which the manakins migrated remains unknown. However, peak resources did coincide with the period in which recent fledglings would be commonest and the period during which most individuals were moulting prior ot emigration. Resources were lowest from November, when residents were absent, untilJune, well into the breeding season. Tentative evidence suggests considerable annual variation, possibly owing to differences in the timing of the rainy season. Individuals captured during the period when almost all “resident” breeders were absent (November) appeared to be transients, and were rarely recaptured. Weights differed between sexes, with females (χ = 12.5 ± 1.0) significantly heavier than males (χ = 11.1 ± 0.8). Males were lightest during the breeding season, intermediate in weight during the moulting period, and both sexes were heaviest during the migration period, when they accumulated subcutaneous fat. Females were lightest during the moult period, at which time many may also have dependent fledglings. Many other frugivores and nectarivores may engage in similar altitudinal migrations. Even where altitudinal migration is not possible, birds might migrate to other habitats with different fruit resources or phenologies. The design of nature reserves should accommodate the possibility of significant altitudinal (or cross-habitat) migration for many species of frugivores and nectarivores.

Altitudinal migration: ecological drivers, knowledge gaps, and conservation implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
An C. Hsiung ◽  
W. Alice Boyle ◽  
Robert J. Cooper ◽  
Richard B. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Altitudinal Migration

Why do migrants move downhill? The effects of increasing predation and density on red deer altitudinal migration in temperate Carpathian forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Smolko ◽  
R. Kropil ◽  
T. Pataky ◽  
A. Veselovská ◽  
E. Merrill
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Altitudinal Migration

Caterpillar phenology predicts differences in timing of mountain chickadee breeding in urban and rural habitats

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianne C. Hajdasz ◽  
Ken A. Otter ◽  
Lyn K. Baldwin ◽  
Matthew W. Reudink
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Chickadee

scholarly journals Partial altitudinal migration of the Near Threatened satyr tragopan Tragopan satyra in the Bhutan Himalayas: implications for conservation in mountainous environments

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawang Norbu ◽  
Ugyen ◽  
Martin C. Wikelski ◽  
David S. Wilcove
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Altitudinal Migration ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Migratory Strategies

AbstractRelative to long-distance migrants, altitudinal migrants have been understudied, perhaps because of a perception that their migrations are less complex and therefore easier to protect. Nonetheless, altitudinal migrants may be at risk as they are subject to ongoing anthropogenic pressure from land use and climate change. We used global positioning system/accelerometer telemetry to track the partial altitudinal migration of the satyr tragopan Tragopan satyra in central Bhutan. The birds displayed a surprising diversity of migratory strategies: some individuals did not migrate, others crossed multiple mountains to their winter ranges, others descended particular mountains, and others ascended higher up into the mountains in winter. In all cases migration between summer breeding and winter non-breeding grounds was accomplished largely by walking, not by flying. Females migrated in a south-easterly direction whereas males migrated in random directions. During winter, migrants occupied south-east facing slopes whereas residents remained on south-west facing slopes. Migratory and resident tragopans utilized a range of forest types, with migratory individuals preferring cool broadleaved forests during winter. These complex patterns of migration suggest that conservation measures should extend across multiple mountains, protect the full range of forest types and encompass multiple landscape configurations to protect aspect diversity. Given the diversity of migratory strategies employed by this single species it seems clear that more research on altitudinal migrants is needed to understand what must be done to ensure their future in an era of widespread land-use and climate change.

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