Federal Courts. Diversity Jurisdiction. Diversity Exists Where Injured Party, Co-Citizen of Insured, Sues Foreign Liability Insurer under Local Direct Action Statute

1953 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1529
Keyword(s):  
Direct Action ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Injured Party

Platelet Aggregation Induced in Vitro by Therapeutic Ultrasound

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 0640-0651 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V Chater ◽  
A. R Williams
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Ultrasonic Cavitation ◽  
Related Phenomenon ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Active Substances

SummaryPlatelets were found to aggregate spontaneously when exposed to ultrasound generated by a commercial therapeutic device. At a given frequency, aggregation was found to be a dose-related phenomenon, increasing intensities of ultrasound inducing more extensive and more rapid aggregation. At any single intensity, the extent aggregation was increased as the frequency of the applied ultrasound was decreased (from 3.0 to 0.75 MHz).Ultrasound-induced platelet aggregation was found to be related to overall platelet sensitivity to adenosine diphosphate. More sensitive platelets were found to aggregate spontaneously at lower intensities of sound, and also the maximum extent of aggregation was found to be greater. Examination of ultrasound-induced platelet aggregates by electron microscopy demonstrated that the platelets had undergone the release reaction.The observation that haemoglobin was released from erythrocytes in whole blood irradiated under identical physical conditions suggests that the platelets are being distrupted by ultrasonic cavitation (violent gas/bubble oscillation).It is postulated that overall platelet aggregation is the result of two distinct effects. Firstly, the direct action of ultrasonic cavitation disrupts a small proportion of the platelet population, resulting in the liberation of active substances. These substances produce aggregation, both directly and indirectly by inducing the physiological release reaction in adjacent undamaged platelets.

The Effects of KBT-3022, a New Anti-platelet Agent, on Hemorheological Properties in Guinea Pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (01) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Yamamoto ◽  
Koichi Yokota ◽  
Akira Yamashita ◽  
Minoru Oda
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Anti Platelet Agent ◽  
Blood Filterability ◽  
2,3 Dpg ◽  
Rbc Deformability

SummaryUsing guinea pigs, a study was conducted on the effects of KBT-3022, a new anti-platelet agent, on hemorheological properties in various tests including blood filterability, blood viscosity, shear stress-induced red blood cell (RBC) deformability and contents of ATP and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG). Oral administration of KBT-3022 at 1 and 10 mg/kg significantly increased blood filterability, and significantly reduced blood viscosity at 10 mg/kg without changing the hematocrit, plasma fibrinogen concentration or plasma viscosity. KBT-3022 (10 mg/kg, p.o.) improved RBC deformability in response to shear stress, which was evoked by passing the blood through a thin tube. This dose of KBT-3022 also increased the contents of ATP and 2,3-DPG in RBC. These findings indicate that KBT-3022 may reduce blood viscosity as a sequel to improvement of RBC deformability through direct action on RBC. The increase in the intracellular levels of ATP and 2,3-DPG was considered to be involved in this improvement of hemorheological properties. These hemorheological effects of KBT-3022 appear to be promising for the treatment of patients with ischemic vascular disease.

Comparative analysis of changes of bioelectrical activity of the brain during the neutral touch and during the performance of the myofascial release technique

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
A. F. Belyaev ◽  
G. E. Piskunova
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Therapeutic Touch ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Action ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multiparameter Analysis

Introduction. One of the main tools of an osteopath are soft tissue techniques, which have a number of particular qualities such as minimization of force and duration of indirect techniques with an emphasis on muscle and ligamentous structures; combination of gestures, tendency to maximal relaxation and exclusion of direct action on pathological symptoms such as tension, overtone and pain. Minimization of the force applied during the performance of soft tissue techniques often invites a question whether there are differences between the usual touch and the therapeutic touch of an osteopath.Goal of research - to reveal the changes in the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex arising in the process of osteopathic treatment in order to prove its specifi city in comparison with nonspecifi c tactile stimulation (neutral touch).Materials and methods. 75 people were examined with the use of multiparameter analysis of multichannel EEG in different times. 25 patients were clinically healthy adults, whereas 50 patients had signs of somatic dysfunctions.Results. Computer encephalography permits to perceive the difference between the neutral touch and the therapeutic action. An identifi cation reaction is a response to the neutral touch (changes in brain bioelectrical activity with an increase in statistically signifi cant connections in the temporal lobes), whereas the therapeutic action provokes the state of purposeful brain activity during still point (intensifi cation of frontooccipital interactions).Conclusions. Osteopathic action causes additional tension in the processing of incoming information, which requires participation of different brain regions, including interhemispheric mechanisms associated with analysis, maintenance of attention and regulation of targeted activities.

Kropotkin

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kinna
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Special Character ◽  
Revolutionary Politics

This book is designed to remove Peter Kropotkin from the framework of classical anarchism. By focusing attention on his theory of mutual aid, it argues that the classical framing distorts Kropotkin's political theory by associating it with a narrowly positivistic conception of science, a naively optimistic idea of human nature and a millenarian idea of revolution. Kropotkin's abiding concern with Russian revolutionary politics is the lens for this analysis. The argument is that his engagement with nihilism shaped his conception of science and that his expeditions in Siberia underpinned an approach to social analysis that was rooted in geography. Looking at Kropotkin's relationship with Elisée Reclus and Erico Malatesta and examining his critical appreciation of P-J. Proudhon, Michael Bakunin and Max Stirner, the study shows how he understood anarchist traditions and reveals the special character of his anarchist communism. His idea of the state as a colonising process and his contention that exploitation and oppression operate in global contexts is a key feature of this. Kropotkin's views about the role of theory in revolutionary practice show how he developed this critique of the state and capitalism to advance an idea of political change that combined the building of non-state alternatives through direct action and wilful disobedience. Against critics who argue that Kropotkin betrayed these principles in 1914, the book suggests that this controversial decision was consistent with his anarchism and that it reflected his judgment about the prospects of anarchistic revolution in Russia.

Direct Actions in the Czech Environmental Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Arnošt Novák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Environmental Movements ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Environmental Milieu ◽  
Liberal Concept

Direct actions constitute an important repertoire of action for environmental movements in Western countries. This article differentiates two ideal types of this repertoire of action: the anarchist concept, which understands direct action in terms of values and as a preferred way of doing things; and the liberal concept, which uses direct action in an instrumental way. Based on my empirical research in post-socialist Czech Republic, the article focuses on debates over environmentalism and, to be more precise, on uses of direct actions by environmental organizations. It explains why the liberal concept was very limited and why direct action as a preferred way of doing things has not become a part of the repertoire of collective action. The article argues that the movement was politically moderate due to a combination of reasons: the very specific historical experience of the Czech environmental movement, which inclines it to use dialogue rather than confrontations with power; the fear of political hostility and marginalization by the state; and the internal dynamics of the environmental milieu.

THE EFFECTS OF MORPHINE AND OTHER NARCOTICS ON THYROID FUNCTION IN MICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommie W. Redding ◽  
Cyril Y. Bowers ◽  
Andrew V. Schally
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Pituitary Secretion ◽  
Turn Over

ABSTRACT Several drugs from the morphine, pethidine and morphinan series were evaluated with respect to their action on the pituitary secretion of thyrotrophin (TSH). This action was measured by the release and the uptake of 131I by the thyroid gland of mice. Daily administration of 500 μg of morphine, codeine, dihydromorphinone, levorphan, dextrorphan or meperidine significantly depressed the uptake of 131I by the thyroid gland within five days. Single injections of 500 μg of either dihydromorphinone or levorphan increased the thyroidal uptake of 131I The thyroids of hypophysectomized mice, pretreated with 131I and thyroxine, failed to respond to injections of these drugs. Daily administration of these drugs for five days failed to change pituitary content of TSH from the control level, or to effect a change in the turn-over rate of exogenous radiothyroxine. These results suggest that these drugs do not exert direct action on the thyroid but act on thyroid function through their effect on the hypothalamus-pituitary axis.

Ecology, Dharma and Direct Action: A Brief Survey of Contemporary Eco-Buddhist Activism in Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-311
Author(s):  
Young-Hae Yoon ◽  
Sherwin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Hunger Strike ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Reclamation Project ◽  
Self Immolation

Over the last few decades there has emerged a small, yet influential eco-Buddhism movement in South Korea which, since the turn of the millennium, has seen several S?n (J. Zen) Buddhist clerics engage in high-profile protests and activism campaigns opposing massive development projects which threatened widespread ecological destruction. This article will survey the issues and events surrounding three such protests; the 2003 samboilbae, or ‘threesteps- one-bow’, march led by Venerable Suky?ng against the Saemangeum Reclamation Project, Venerable Jiyul’s Anti-Mt. Ch?ns?ng tunnel hunger-strike campaign between 2002 and 2006, and lastly Venerable Munsu’s self-immolation protesting the Four Rivers Project in 2010. This article will additionally analyze the attempts by these clerics to deploy innovative and distinctively Buddhist forms of protest, the effects of these protests, and how these protests have altered public perceptions of the role of Buddhist clergy in Korean society. This study will additionally highlight issues relevant to the broader discourse regarding the intersection of Buddhism and social activism, such as the appropriation of traditional Buddhist practices as protest tactics and the potential for conflict between social engagement and the pursuit of Buddhist soteriological goals.

Buffalo Crusaders: The Sacred Struggle for America’s Last Wild and Pure Herd

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Moral Relativism ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Activist Group ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
Post Hoc

This chapter examines the bitter, long-lasting, and sometimes violent dispute over the Yellowstone bison herd—America's only remaining genetically pure and free-roaming herd, which once numbered more than 30 million but was exterminated down to a mere 23 single animals. This intractable issue hinges on current scientific disagreements about the biology and ecology of the disease brucellosis (Brucella abortus). But in recent years, a more radical, grassroots, and direct action activist group called the Buffalo Field Campaign (BFC) has found success by shifting the focus of the debate away from science, toward the deeper religious dimensions of the issue. The chapter shows how the infusion of the conflict with moral and spiritual feeling has brought to the fore deeper questions that ultimately needed to be answered, thus making this a public religious conflict as much as a scientific one, sidestepping rabbit holes of intractability. It observes the ways in which BFC activists engaged in a phenomenon called moral and religious “muting.” This has theoretical implications for understanding how certain elements of culture (e.g., individualism and moral relativism) can organize and pattern others—especially in post hoc explanations of religiously motivated activism.

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