Translating Laughter: Humor as a Special Challenge in Translating the Stories of Ana Lydia Vega

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Carol J. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Ana Lydia Vega ◽  
Special Challenge

Rhetoric and Affect in Bilingual Latinx Literature

2018 ◽  
pp. 306-329
Author(s):  
Matylda Figlerowicz ◽  
Doris Sommer
Keyword(s):  
William Carlos Williams ◽  
Gloria Anzaldua ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Guillermo Cabrera Infante ◽  
Ana Lydia Vega ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure ◽  
New Space ◽  
Genre Conventions ◽  
Constructing Knowledge

Latinx writers cross boundaries between languages, renovating the experience both of language and of literature. This article takes up the invitations of several creative/disruptive artists: Víctor Hernández Cruz, Guillermo Cabrera Infante, Ana Lydia Vega, William Carlos Williams, Gloria Anzaldúa, and Tino Villanueva. The analysis shows how bilingualism transforms rhetorical figures and affective structures, arguing that metonymy—understood as contiguity and as desire—is a predominant figure of bilingualism: a figure of almost arbitrary coincidence, an unintended intimacy that writers exploit. Through rhetorical and affective gestures, bilingualism alters genre conventions and opens a new space for aesthetic pleasure and political discussion, which requires and forms an alert audience with new ways of reading. The essay traces the visions of future (and its fantasies) and of past (and its memories) from the perspective of bilingualism, showing how operating between languages allows for new ways of constructing knowledge.

Building a Model of Family Caregiving for Children with Emotional Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Mcdonald ◽  
Thomas K. Gregoire ◽  
John Poertner ◽  
Theresa J. Early
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
And Coping

In this article we describe the results of an ongoing effort to better understand the caregiving process in families of children with severe emotional problems. We make two assumptions. First, we assume that these families are essentially like other families but are faced with a special challenge in raising and caring for their special children while at the same time performing the multiple tasks and demands faced by all families. Second, we assume that public policy and programs must be supportive of the care of these children in their own homes and communities whenever possible. The purpose of this article is to present a model of family caregiving that draws broadly from available theory and empirical literature in multiple fields and to subject this model to empirical testing. We use structural equation modeling with latent variables to estimate an empirical model based on the theoretical model. Results of the model testing point to the importance of the child's external problem behaviors and the family's socioeconomic status and coping strategies as determinants of caregiver stress. Other findings highlight difficulties in measuring and modeling the complex mediating process, which includes formal and informal supports, perceptions, and coping behaviors. The use of structural equation modeling can benefit our efforts to support families by making explicit our theories about the important dimensions of this process and the relationship between these dimensions, which can then be subjected to measurement and validation.

Design and Experimental Implementation of Longitudinal Control for a Platoon of Automated Vehicles

1998 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajamani ◽  
S. B. Choi ◽  
B. K. Law ◽  
J. K. Hedrick ◽  
R. Prohaska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Longitudinal Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Automated Highways ◽  
Experimental Implementation ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
Upper Level

This paper presents the design and experimental implementation of a longitudinal control system for the operation of automated vehicles in platoons. The control system on each vehicle is designed to have a hierarchical structure and consists of an upper level controller and a lower level controller. The upper controller determines the desired acceleration for each vehicle in the platoon so as to maintain safe string-stable operation even at very small intervehicle spacing. The lower controller utilizes vehicle-specific parameters and determines the throttle and/or brake commands required to track the desired acceleration. A special challenge handled in the design of the lower level controller is low-speed operation that involves gear changes and torque converter dynamics. The paper also presents the design of longitudinal intra-platoon maneuvers that are required in order to allow any car in the platoon to make an exit. The paper presents extensive experimental results from the public NAHSC demonstration of automated highways conducted in August 1997 at San Diego, California. The demonstration included an eight-car platoon operating continuously over several weeks with passenger rides given to over a thousand visitors. The maneuvers demonstrated included starting the automated vehicles from complete rest, accelerating to cruising speed, allowing any vehicle to exit from the platoon, allowing new vehicles to join the platoon and bringing the platoon to a complete stop at the end of the highway. [S0022-0434(00)01903-1]

NEWER CONCEPTS IN EMERGENCY CARE OF CHILDREN WITH MAJOR INJURIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-487
Author(s):  
J. Alex Haller
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Injuries ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Injured Child ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Trauma Unit ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
Altered Physiology

Childhood trauma and other life-threatening emergencies require facilities operational on a 24-hour basis, with surgical and medical components, x-ray facilities, and blood and chemistry laboratories organized to provide primary resuscitation and initial management for extensive and multiple injuries in children. Staffed to provide high quality treatment for simpler injuries and emergency illnesses in children, a trauma unit should represent a complete emergency treatment center for children; it should be tied administratively and professionally to the intensive care units within the larger medical complex. From this type of organizational framework and a physically separate trauma unit for children, improved teamwork and more efficient management of multiple injuries should result. The basic principles of rapid, careful evaluation and sequential correction of altered physiology remain the back-bone of successful therapy in children. The unique metabolic demands and miniature anatomic relationships, especially of small children, present the physician with a special challenge and a tremendous responsibility. Rewards for the successful management of multiple trauma are high–the younger the injured child, the greater is our total investment in his welfare and in his future.

scholarly journals Optically transparent, high-toughness elastomer using a polyrotaxane cross-linker as a molecular pulley

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. eaat7629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Gotoh ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Abu Bin Imran ◽  
Mitsuo Hara ◽  
Takahiro Seki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Force ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Cyclic Molecules ◽  
Optically Transparent ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Special Challenge

An elastomer is a three-dimensional network with a cross-linked polymer chain that undergoes large deformation with a small external force and returns to its original state when the external force is removed. Because of this hyperelasticity, elastomers are regarded as one of the best candidates for the matrix material of soft robots. However, the comprehensive performance required of matrix materials is a special challenge because improvement of some matrix properties often causes the deterioration of others. For example, an improvement in toughness can be realized by adding a large amount of filler to an elastomer, but to the impairment of optical transparency. Therefore, to produce an elastomer exhibiting optimum properties suitable for the desired purpose, very elaborate, complicated materials are often devised. Here, we have succeeded in creating an optically transparent, easily fabricated elastomer with good extensibility and high toughness by using a polyrotaxane (PR) composed of cyclic molecules and a linear polymer as a cross-linking agent. In general, elastomers having conventional cross-linked structures are susceptible to breakage as a result of loss of extensibility at high cross-linking density. We found that the toughness of the transparent elastomer prepared using the PR cross-linking agent is enhanced along with its Young’s modulus as cross-linking density is increased.

scholarly journals Default Mode Network Maturation and Environmental Adversities During Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 247054701880829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keila Rebello ◽  
Luciana M. Moura ◽  
Walter H. L. Pinaya ◽  
Luis A. Rohde ◽  
João R. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Atypical Development

Default mode network (DMN) plays a central role in cognition and brain disorders. It has been shown that adverse environmental conditions impact neurodevelopment, but how these conditions impact in DMN maturation is still poorly understood. This article reviews representative neuroimaging functional studies addressing the interactions between DMN development and environmental factors, focusing on early life adversities, a critical period for brain changes. Studies focused on this period of life offer a special challenge: to disentangle the neurodevelopmental connectivity changes from those related to environmental conditions. We first summarized the literature on DMN maturation, providing an overview of both typical and atypical development patterns in childhood and early adolescence. Afterward, we focused on DMN changes associated with chronic exposure to environmental adversities during childhood. This summary suggests that changes in DMN development could be a potential allostatic neural feature associated with an embodiment of environmental circumstances. Finally, we discuss about some key methodological issues that should be considered in paradigms addressing environmental adversities and open questions for future investigations.

scholarly journals A case report of moyamoya disease in children treated with encephalo-duro-myo-arterio-pericranial synangiosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius July
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Ischemic Event ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Moyamoya disease that manifests during childhood may pose a special challenge for surgeons. We report a case of a 10-year-old girl who suffered from moyamoya disease and was successfully treated with encephalo-duro-myo-arterio-pericranial synangiosis (EDMAPS). She presented with a recurrent transient ischemic attack that worsened for 1 year. She was aphasic globally (sensory and motor) and had slightly weak right extremities. Her magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography showed the typical features of moyamoya disease with bilateral stenosis at the terminal internal carotid artery, bilaterally abnormal vascular networks, and a left ischemic event involving the temporoparietal region. She was recovered well after underwent bilateral EDMAPS, fully regained her language function after 3 months, and gathered her strength back. Therefore, EDMAPS could be a good, safe, and effective treatment for moyamoya disease in children.

scholarly journals Peran Caregiver Dalam Mengenalkan Anggota Tubuh Pada Individu Autistik Usia Prasekolah

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Retno Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Independent Behavior

<em>It is estimated that around 40,000-70,000 children become victims of sexual exploitation and about 100,000 children are trafficked each year. It clearly proves the children’s lack of knowledge about sex education they should have gained in their first year from their caregivers, in this case their mothers. Entering the age of 1-2, children’s curiosity and ability to speak and to remember begin to increase quite well. This is the right time to continuously enrich their vocabularies and hone their ability to remember and speak by introducing body parts like hair, nose, knees, heels, and so on. Autism is a term used to describe a type of pervasive disorder in a child resulting in a disturbance or delay in cognition, language, behavior, communication and social interaction. Providing education and understanding is a special challenge for caregivers. This study illustrates how the role performed and displayed by the caregiver (mother) of autistic individuals in introducing the parts of body. The method used in the study is a qualitative method with case study approach by conducting observation and interview with the caregiver of autistic children. The result of the study indicates that the full role of caregiver (mother) produces autistic children with independent behavior. They can understand their body parts, maintain the hygiene of body parts and understand what body parts that may be touched and not</em>

scholarly journals The use of mean values for reporting real estate prices

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (04) ◽  
pp. 513-532
Author(s):  
Melita Ulbl ◽  
Andraž Muhič
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
The One

The proper and unambiguous reporting of the real estate market is one of the main requirements for ensuring its transparency. Reporting on the prices of real estate realised on the market is a special challenge here. For this purpose, averages are generally used, requiring both the reporter and the reader to be well acquainted with the rules of individual types of averages on the one hand and the specificities and heterogeneity of the real estate market on the other. In this paper, we present the specifics of individual mean values that can be used for this purpose. These characteristics are analysed in more detail and presented in the case of the Slovenian housing market. The purpose of this paper is to present the dilemmas faced in Slovenia when reporting on real estate prices on the market and present the solutions that the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia will begin to introduce in its reports on the real estate market.

scholarly journals Effect of meal frequency and timing on physical performance

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (S1) ◽  
pp. S91-S103 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Hawley ◽  
Louise M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Practical Strategy ◽  
Increase Energy Intake ◽  
Prolonged Training ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
Eating Occasions

Two areas of sports nutrition in which the periodicity of eating has been studied relate to: (1) the habitually high energy intakes of many athletes, and (2) the optimization of carbohydrate(CHO) availability to enhance performance. The present paper examines how the timing and frequency of food and fluid intake can assist the athlete and physically-active person to improve their exercise performance in these areas. Frequent eating occasions provide a practical strategy allowing athletes to increase energy intake while concomitantly reducing the gastric discomfort of infrequent large meals. The optimization of CHO stores is a special challenge for athletes undertaking prolonged training or competition sessions. This is a cyclical process with post-exercise CHO ingestion promoting muscle and liver glycogen re-synthesis; pre-exercise feedings being practised to optimize substrate availability and feedings during exercise providing a readily-available source of exogenous fuel as endogenous stores become depleted. The timing and frequency of CHO intake at these various stages are crucial determinants for optimizing fuel availability to enhance exercise capacity.

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