Dry Valley Streams in Antarctica: Ecosystems Waiting for Water

BioScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. McKnight ◽  
Dev K. Niyogi ◽  
Alexander S. Alger ◽  
Arne Bomblies ◽  
Peter A. Conovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Valley

Antarctic Dry Valley Drilling Project: Report on Seminar 1

Eos ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. McGinnis ◽  
T. Torii ◽  
R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Project Report ◽  
Dry Valley ◽  
Drilling Project

scholarly journals Distribution and correlation of total organic carbon and mercury in Antarctic dry valley soils, sediments and organisms.

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genki Matsumoto ◽  
Kazuo Chikazawa ◽  
Haruta Murayama ◽  
Tetsuya Torii ◽  
Hiroshi Fukushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Dry Valley

Durrington Walls: a Ceremonial Enclosure of the 2nd Millennium BC

Antiquity ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (165) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Wainwright
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
The South ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Southern Sector ◽  
The North ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Dry Valley

Durrington Walls lies one quarter of a mile to the north of the outskirts of Amesbury in Wiltshire and 9 miles north of Salisbury (SU 150437). Stonehenge is situated 2 miles to the south-east and 80 yds. to the south of the enclosure is Woodhenge which was excavated by Mrs Cunnington in 1926-8. The much ploughed bank, which encloses a dry valley opening on to the River Avon, was initially recorded by Sir Richard Colt Hoare in the early 19th century (1812, 169), but until the recently completed series of excavations the only digging on the site was that carried out by Professor Stuart Piggott in 1952, despite recognition of the enclosure as being one of the largest henge monuments in the country. The 1952 excavations were in the nature of an exploration on both sides of a pipe trench where it intersected with the bank in its southern sector (Stone, Piggott and Booth, 1954). A double row of post-holes was recorded along the outer edge of the bank and a quantity of animal bones, flints and sherds of Grooved Ware was found on top of the old land surface which was preserved beneath it. Sherds of Grooved Ware and two small fragments of Beaker were recorded from domestic refuse overlying the bank talus. Radiocarbon dates of 2620± 40 and 2630 ± 70 BC were obtained from charcoal under the bank in its southern sector (Piggott, 1959, 289). These determinations were described by Professor Piggott as ‘archaeologically unacceptable’ as two small scraps of Beaker pottery were found in association with the abundant Grooved Ware.

scholarly journals The Developmental Stages of An Accumulative Cone of Dry Valley as an Indication of Change in Natural Environment Conditions (Western Pomerania)

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Paluszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Fluvial Transport ◽  
Dry Valley

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the stages of development of an alluvial cone as an indication of change in natural environment conditions. a detailed research was conducted within the upland regions of Drawsko Lakeland. At the valley mouth of one of the erosional-denudational valleys an alluvial cone in question splays out. The imparity between the capacity of the erosional-denudational valley and the capacity of the alluvial cone indicates that the main stage of erosion had taken place before the cone’s deposition. During the beginning stage the material acquired from the dissection was most likely delivered directly to the channel of Dębnica river and was incorporated in the fluvial transport. The cone was formed during the later stage. The results of the radiocarbon analyses reveal that the formation of the alluvial cone and the valley associated with the cone took place during the Subatlantic. It was also estimated that the cone aggraded with the rate of approximately 3,9 mm per year

scholarly journals Antarctic Water Tracks: Microbial Community Responses to Variation in Soil Moisture, pH, and Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. George ◽  
Noah Fierer ◽  
Joseph S. Levy ◽  
Byron Adams
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Vapor Flow ◽  
Arid Soils ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Dry Valley

Ice-free soils in the McMurdo Dry Valleys select for taxa able to cope with challenging environmental conditions, including extreme chemical water activity gradients, freeze-thaw cycling, desiccation, and solar radiation regimes. The low biotic complexity of Dry Valley soils makes them well suited to investigate environmental and spatial influences on bacterial community structure. Water tracks are annually wetted habitats in the cold-arid soils of Antarctica that form briefly each summer with moisture sourced from snow melt, ground ice thaw, and atmospheric deposition via deliquescence and vapor flow into brines. Compared to neighboring arid soils, water tracks are highly saline and relatively moist habitats. They represent a considerable area (∼5–10 km2) of the Dry Valley terrestrial ecosystem, an area that is expected to increase with ongoing climate change. The goal of this study was to determine how variation in the environmental conditions of water tracks influences the composition and diversity of microbial communities. We found significant differences in microbial community composition between on- and off-water track samples, and across two distinct locations. Of the tested environmental variables, soil salinity was the best predictor of community composition, with members of the Bacteroidetes phylum being relatively more abundant at higher salinities and the Actinobacteria phylum showing the opposite pattern. There was also a significant, inverse relationship between salinity and bacterial diversity. Our results suggest water track formation significantly alters dry soil microbial communities, likely influencing subsequent ecosystem functioning. We highlight how Dry Valley water tracks could be a useful model system for understanding the potential habitability of transiently wetted environments found on the surface of Mars.

scholarly journals Soil enzyme activity in the dry valley phytocenoses under the influence of Acer negundo L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 00029
Author(s):  
Oksana Tsandekova
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Horizontal Differentiation ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Crown Density ◽  
Dry Valley ◽  
Medium Activity ◽  
And Control

The activity of hydrolytic enzymes in the soil of dry valley phytocenoses under the influence of ash-leaved maple was investigated. The research objects were selected taking into account the ranking of plantations by crown density. Soil samples were collected depending on the horizontal differentiation of communities in the undercrown and outer zones of phytogenic fields. An increase in the enzyme activity during the period of active tree growth among experimental and control samples was established. Among the enzymes, invertase demonstrated the highest activity, while protease and phosphatase were characterised by medium activity. An increased invertase activity was found in the trees with a high crown density as compared to the trees of other groups. The obtained data can be used as diagnostic indicators of soil condition for monitoring natural ecosystems.

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