Land as a Resource for Terrestrial Ecology and/or Public Parks: A Case Study

BioScience ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Public Parks ◽  
Terrestrial Ecology

scholarly journals Spatial Equity of Public Parks: A Case Study of Kabul City, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1516
Author(s):  
Rashid A. Mushkani ◽  
Haruka Ono
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Spatial Equity ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The City

Accessibility, the size of the land area, the design and build quality, and the number of parks and their correlation with population density are key elements in fostering ecological spatial equity within cities. This study analyzed different spatial equity attributes of existing parks in Kabul City using onsite observations, measurement analyses, and mapping and buffering of satellite imagery using computer-aided design methods. The results revealed that, presently, 309 ha of urban land is covered by parks, which accounts for 0.78% of the total land area of 394.78 km2. On average, a quarter of city residents can access a park with basic amenities within 300 to 600 m of their residence, and parks currently provide a land coverage distribution per resident of 0.69 m2. However, the majority of parks lack certain amenities like playground and sports facilities desired by different user groups. This article also explored the inequitable distribution of parks at the city scale, underlining the scarcity or concentration of parks in certain areas and stressing the importance of allocating additional land for park provision.

scholarly journals Brief Research Report: Case Study on the Early Impacts of COVID-19 on Urban Natural Areas Across 12 American Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Plitt ◽  
Clara C. Pregitzer ◽  
Sarah Charlop-Powers
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
The Future

The COVID-19 crisis has impacted the lives of the entire nation. As city residents faced lockdowns, they turned to their public parks and open space for respite from the confines of city living. Many residents sought solace in natural areas, wishing to hike, bird, and experience the sights and sounds of a forest during this fraught time. To understand the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on the public use of natural areas and organizations' ability to care for them, we deployed a survey in May of 2020 to known partners in 12 US cities that are leaders in the management and care of urban natural areas. These cities represent a combined population of over 18 million people and collectively manage 284,906 acres of natural area parkland. We found that most organizations (83%) reported an increase in use of natural areas but concurrently 72% reported a decrease in the ability to care for natural areas during the pandemic. All organizations reported canceled public programs, and 94% saw a decrease in volunteer events. As these organizations look to the future, only 17% were confident in their organization having adequate funding in 2021. Cutting budgets to care for urban natural areas could have significant impacts on the health and sustainability of urban life. These 12 cities serve as examples of a pattern that could be occurring nationally and internationally. As cities reopen, budgets and priorities for the future will be determined as will the fate of resources to care for nature in cities.

scholarly journals Big Data-Based Evaluation of Urban Parks: A Chinese Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2125
Author(s):  
Zening Xu ◽  
Xiaolu Gao ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Jie Fan
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Definition Of

Urban parks play a key role in urban sustainable development. This paper proposes a method for the evaluation of public parks from the perspective of accessibility and quality. The method includes the data extraction of urban park locations and the delineation of urban built-up areas. The processing of urban park data not only involves the extraction from digital maps, but also the classification of urban parks using a semi-automated model in ArcGIS. The urban area is identified using the Point of Interest (POI) data in digital maps, taking economic and human activities into consideration. The service area and its overlapped time is included in the evaluation indicators. With a clear definition of park and urban built-up area, the evaluation result of urban parks is of great comparability. Taking China as an example, the quality of urban parks in 273 prefecture-level cities has been evaluated. The results show that the average service coverage of urban parks in Chinese cities is 64.8%, and that there are significant disparities between cities with different population sizes and locations. The results suggest the necessity to improve public parks in small-and-medium sized cities and inland areas to strengthen the coordination of urbanization and regional development.

Application of Conventional UAVs for the Identification and Classification of Dense Green Spaces

2021 ◽  
pp. 364-388
Author(s):  
Josep Roca ◽  
Blanca Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Public Parks

The objective of this chapter is to show the usefulness of conventional UAVs for the identification, inventory, and classification of trees in the context of dense green spaces. The aim is to demonstrate the potential of low-cost drones (with traditional red, green, blue [RGB] sensors) to identify and classify trees in public parks. A case study is discussed on Turó Parc in Barcelona, in which a 3D model was developed and an exercise to identify and classify the vegetation was carried out using the information provided by a UAV. The example confirms that conventional drones could be useful for studying green urban spaces characterized by a high density of plant species. Non-professional UAVs have a potential that should not be undervalued, as they enable three-dimensional point clouds to be obtained of high spatial density.

scholarly journals Urban regeneration indicators: a proxy for assessing common good

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Daniel Gilmour ◽  
Edward Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Project Objectives

Public realm urban regeneration projects aim to provide facilities for the common good such as improved road systems, public parks, museums and cultural institutions. Driven by political priorities, the expected benefits for society comprise of the proposed regeneration outcomes articulated in a masterplan vision.  As a philosophical concept, common good in the context of urban regeneration is explored in this study to understand the expectations for major, long-term regeneration projects and the intended project objectives. In the approach to governance, there should be a relationship between monitoring indicators adopted by the regeneration project as part of the governance framework and their alignment with the common good. These concepts are analysed through a case study of the development and reporting of benchmark indicators established at the start of a major 20-year urban redevelopment in 2010. The monitoring and enhancement concept implemented required indicators to be developed and embedded in the regeneration process to, not only monitor, but also enhance sustainability. The longitudinal case study, at the interim point 10 years since the establishment of these indicators, will evaluate the sustainability of the urban regeneration and evaluate current evidence for the common good. The indicators were developed following the principles of a theme orientated framework in line with the UK and Scottish Government approach at that time. The process of indicator development was iterative, refined and finalised through working closely with local authority, Scottish Enterprise and partnership stakeholders (civic oriented organisations) to capture evidence of progress towards the masterplan vision.  Ten years on, conclusions examine whether these indicators could be used a proxy for common good. The conclusion will identify the extent to which we would need to revise indicators to address any gaps to become a more accurate measure of common good.

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