Freedom of speech long has been regarded as one of the
“preferred freedoms” in the United States: one of the
freedoms the U.S. Supreme Court deems “implicit in the concept of
ordered liberty.” However, what freedom of speech does—and
should—mean is a highly charged question in American
constitutional law. I will explore this question by examining how
several prominent constitutional theorists have proposed particular
approaches to free speech law in order to further their political
objectives. I will examine the free speech theories of the
nation's leading feminist legal theorist (regarding pornography),
critical race theorists (regarding hate speech), libertarian (regarding
commercial speech), and legal republican (regarding deliberative
democracy). I also will discuss the principal criticisms of each of
these theories, whether the courts have been influenced by any of them,
and, in conclusion, whether it is possible to advance a nonpolitical
(i.e., a purely law-based or value-free) theory of free speech.