Patterns of State Productivity Growth in the U.S. Farm Sector: Linking State and Aggregate Models

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Eldon Ball ◽  
Frank M. Gollop ◽  
Alison Kelly‐Hawke ◽  
Gregory P. Swinand
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF TFP IN EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS – APPLICATION OF MALMQUIST INDICES

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna WOLSZCZAK-DERLACZ
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
Malmquist Indices ◽  
The U.S

In this study we apply Malmquist methodology, based on the estimation of distance measures through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), to a sample of 500 universities (in 10 European countries and the U.S.) over the period 2000 to 2010 in order to assess and compare their productivity. On average, a rise in TFP is registered for the whole European sample (strongest for Dutch and Italian HEIs), while the productivity of American HEIs suffered a slight decline. Additionally, we show that productivity growth is negatively associated with size of the institution and revenues from government, and positively with regional development in the case of the European sample, while American HEI productivity growth is characterised by a negative association with GDP and a positive one with the share of government resources out of total revenue.

scholarly journals World Agricultural Markets: Implications for U.S. Food and Agricultural Policy

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
T. Kelley White
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Food And Agricultural Policy ◽  
The U.S

In the absence of agricultural policy, the behavior of the agricultural sector is dictated by market forces. Any agricultural policy, other than one of “hands off—let the market forces rule,” is dependent upon programmatic tools which in one way or another attempt to interfere or modify behavior of the sector. If it is government's objective to design and implement a set of programs which will distort market behavior so as to achieve policy goals with minimum negative side effects, it is essential that policymakers understand the kind of market environment within which the U.S. farm sector exists and how this market is likely to behave, given alternative interferences.

scholarly journals Labor Productivity Growth in the Kansas Farm Sector: A Tripartite Decomposition Using a Non-Parametric Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin W. Mugera ◽  
Michael R. Langemeier ◽  
Allen M. Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Factor Intensity ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Labor Productivity Growth ◽  
Management Association

We use nonparametric production function methods to decompose farm-level labor productivity growth into components attributable to efficiency change, technical change, and factor intensity. The estimation is accomplished using balanced panel data drawn from the Kansas Farm Management Association for the period 1993 to 2007. We find that labor productivity growth is primarily driven by factor intensity and technical change. Efficiency change is declining with increasing productivity growth, and technical change is not Hicks-neutral and occurs at high levels of factor intensity, suggesting that innovation is embodied in factor intensity.

Incentive Regulation in Network Industries: Experience and Prospects in the U.S. Telecommunications, Electricity, and Natural Gas Industries

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Hemphill ◽  
Mark E. Meitzen ◽  
Philip E. Schoech
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Incentive Regulation ◽  
Industry Concentration ◽  
Network Industries ◽  
Price Cap Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Commitment ◽  
The U.S

We trace the development of incentive regulation in the U.S. telecommunications, electricity, and natural gas industries. Telecom has moved much more in the direction of pure price cap regulation. Incentive regulation in electricity and gas has generally not strayed far from rate-ofreturn regulation. Reasons for these differences include differences in regulatory commitment, industry concentration, technological change and productivity growth, service quality concerns, and externalities. We conclude that electricity and gas can evolve to purer forms of price caps as they gain more experience with incentive regulation, and if the unique features of these industries are considered in plan design.

Die Ursachen der transatlantischen Produktivitätswachstumsunterschiede

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Besch ◽  
Guido Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Labor Market Reforms ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis paper gives a survey on the causes of the divergence in productivity growth rates between the U.S. and Europe in the last 15 years. It is shown that Europe’s lag in productivity growth can be traced to relative lower productivity growth in the service sector. This is due to over-regulated goods, capital, land, and labor markets. Although there is a consensus that in the long run no relationship exists between productivity growth and labor market performance, in terms of policy, well-specified labor market reforms are recommended to increase productivity growth in Europe. For labor market reforms are a necessary complement for productivity-enhancing product market reforms.

scholarly journals Subsidies, Endogenous Technical Efficiency and the Measurement of Productivity Growth

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lassaad Lachaal
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Framework Technology ◽  
Vector Of State ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThe impacts of program subsidy on productivity growth is investigated in this study. Mundlak's concept of endogeneity is applied to technical efficiency and generalized within a dual framework. Technology is described by an aggregate cost function while technical efficiency is conditional on a vector of state variables. Empirical evidence from the U.S. dairy sector supports the hypothesis that protectionism, in the form of program subsidy, is the source of considerable technical inefficiencies.

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