scholarly journals Flexible Exchange Rates and Commodity Price Changes: The Case of Japan

1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy L. Jabara ◽  
Nancy E. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Flexible Exchange Rates

scholarly journals Do Commodity Price Shocks Cause Armed Conflict? A Meta-Analysis of Natural Experiments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
GRAEME BLAIR ◽  
DARIN CHRISTENSEN ◽  
AARON RUDKIN
Keyword(s):  
Causal Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Commodity Price Shocks

Scholars of the resource curse argue that reliance on primary commodities destabilizes governments: price fluctuations generate windfalls or periods of austerity that provoke or intensify civil conflict. Over 350 quantitative studies test this claim, but prominent results point in different directions, making it difficult to discern which results reliably hold across contexts. We conduct a meta-analysis of 46 natural experiments that use difference-in-difference designs to estimate the causal effect of commodity price changes on armed civil conflict. We show that commodity price changes, on average, do not change the likelihood of conflict. However, there are cross-cutting effects by commodity type. In line with theory, we find price increases for labor-intensive agricultural commodities reduce conflict, while increases in the price of oil, a capital-intensive commodity, provoke conflict. We also find that price increases for lootable artisanal minerals provoke conflict. Our meta-analysis consolidates existing evidence, but also highlights opportunities for future research.

Money, income, and causality in Canada: Fixed and flexible exchange rates

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
J. Wilson Mixon ◽  
Leila J. Pratt ◽  
Myles S. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Money Income ◽  
Flexible Exchange Rates
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