Factors Affecting Gross Farm Income Per Worker, Upper East Tennessee Valley, 1899-1954

1960 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
William H. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Farm Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tennessee Valley ◽  
East Tennessee

Factors Affecting the Type of 6 th Industrialization and Farm Income

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Lee ◽  
Kwansoo Kim ◽  
Donghwan An
Keyword(s):  
Farm Income ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Adaptation to Climate Change through Agroforestry in Kenya

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Kevin Pello ◽  
Cedric Okinda ◽  
Aijun Liu ◽  
Tim Njagi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agroforestry Technology ◽  
Agroforestry Technologies

The environmental effects of climate change have significantly decreased agricultural productivity. Agroforestry technologies have been applied as a solution to promote sustainable agricultural systems. This study evaluates the factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry technology in Kenya. A multistage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 239 households in West Pokot County, Kenya. A Probit model and K-means algorithm were used to analyze the factors affecting farmers’ agroforestry technology adoption decisions based on the sampled households’ socio-economic, demographic, and farm characteristics. The study found that the total yield for maize crop, farm size, extension frequency, off-farm income, access to training, access to credit, access to transport facilities, group membership, access to market, gender, distance to nearest trading center, and household education level had significant effects on the adoption of agroforestry technologies. The findings of this study are important in informing policy formulation and implementation that promotes agroforestry technologies adoption.

scholarly journals Influence of Market Diversification on Farm Income Variability of Soybean Producers

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
B. R. Eddleman ◽  
J. E. Moya-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Variability ◽  
Income Variability ◽  
Marketing Actions

Many decisions made by farm producers are based on expectations. The process of formulating and incorporating these expectations into decision making is difficult when high variability occurs in product prices, crop yields, production costs, or other factors affecting net income. Farm producers may be influenced by a number of goals in selecting combinations of crops to produce and marketing outlets for the crops. Two goals generally held to be important to farm decision makers are maximization of net income and net income stability. Given the price, yield, and cost of production variability characteristics of a farm enterprise and these two goals of farm decision makers, a fundamental problem is to determine what combination of alternative marketing actions can best satisfy the two objectives. A systematic examination of the relationship between the level of net income and net income variability for combinations of marketing alternatives would aid farmers in deciding on marketing actions to attain these goals.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Agricultural Extension Contact On Crop Income In Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Zafar Mahmudul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Crop Income ◽  
The Impact

The impact of extension contact on crop income is examined with a view to evaluating the agricultural extension in Bangladesh. The scope of the study was ten villages of Gazipur district. The objectives of the study are to i) determine the factors influencing the benefit of extension services in terms of farm income, ii) determine the factors affecting the extension contact of farmers, and iii) suggest some policy guidelines to improve the extension services in Bangladesh. The sample of the study consists of 1000 farmers. Data came from field survey and multistage random sampling technique was used in order to collect data. The results indicated that the impact of extension contact coefficient on crop income is positive and significant. Evidence shows that the influence of extension contact coefficient is strongly positive and significant in the comparatively nearer villages to upazila headquarters, while this effect is weaker for those villages, which are comparatively away from upazila headquarters. It is found that many farmers did not receive extension contact and the effect of extension contact is weak on crop income compared to other factors such as irrigation and chemical fertilizer. It is assumed that there was enough scope to increase extension contact in the study areas. Some determinants of extension contact were also examined. The study concludes that agricultural extension is necessary to increase among the farmers. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 321-334, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15893

scholarly journals Tribal womens involvement with pig farming in Bangladesh: an evidence of Moulvibazar district

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
R Khanum ◽  
MSA Mahadi ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Model Average ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study examined the profitability and factors affecting farm income from pig farming in Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh. A multistage sampling technique was followed to select 70tribal women entrepreneurs involved with pig farming. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, benefit-cost analysis, and linear regression model. Average age of pig entrepreneurs was 39.47 years which indicates that they are young and agile. About 71% of Garo entrepreneurs had experience for pig farming. The cost and return analysis showed that in one year, the gross margin was Tk. 56743.70, while the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was 1.19 indicating that the enterprise is profitable. Regression analysis revealed that three variables namely farm size, age of the respondent and experience of pig farming are significant factors affecting farm income. Thus, it was recommended that tribal women should be encouraged to practice pig farming to overcome their low income and unemployment situation.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 115-127 (2018)

scholarly journals The Factors Affecting Farmers’ Soybean Planting Behavior in Heilongjiang Province, China

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Marley ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Significant Difference

Under the threat of food insecurity, the Chinese government has created plans and policies to stimulate soybean production. Despite government efforts to stimulate production, based on predictions, planned targets for soybean production are unlikely. Consequently, the predictions raise questions about farmers’ intentions to increase soybean cultivating area. In other words, farmers may not be willing to increase soybean. However, few researchers have studied soybean farmers’ intention and behavior. With these concerns in mind, this study analyzed the intention and factors that influence farmers' choice of increasing soybean production as well as evaluating the differences in the decision making between commercial and subsistence farmers. This study collected data from 155 randomly selected families in 23 villages in the major soybean area in Heilongjiang Province. Results showed that 42.6% of the farmers expressed that they would expand soybean planting area, while the rest would insist on previous planting habits. The capacity to increase soybean production confronted many constraints. Farmers’ age, farm income, land topography, and ease of selling all positively influence farmers’ behavior. A significant difference in decision making between subsistence and commercial farmers was found. Subsistence farmers were more affected by land topography, agricultural insurance status, and satisfaction of soybean subsidies, whereas commercial farmers were more affected by farming experience and farm income. As a result, soybean policies should focus on increasing farmers' income, promoting large-scale planting, training young farmers, innovation of agricultural insurance, and strengthening construction of agricultural infrastructure.

scholarly journals Factors affecting variability in farm and off‐farm income

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Poon ◽  
Alfons Weersink
Keyword(s):  
Farm Income ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Production Efficiency of Sorghum: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Kafta-Humera District Tigray Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Tewoderos Meleaku ◽  
Degye Goshu ◽  
Bosena Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sorghum Production

Efficiency is an important factor for increasing productivity which leads to increase market output to achieve the goal of food security. In economics where resources are scarce and opportunities to use new technologies are limited, increasing efficiency remains the most reasonable means to raise productivity without necessarily developing new technologies or increasing the resource base. So, this study aimed to investigate level of production efficiency, factors affecting production inefficiency of sorghum small holder farmers in Kafta-humera district of Tigray Ethiopia. A two stage sampling technique was used to select 289 sample farmers who were interviewed using a semi- structured questionnaire to obtain data pertaining to sorghum production during the year 2016/2017.Stochastic production frontier model was used to identify production efficiency levels, where as Tobit models was used to estimate factors affecting production efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical, allocative and economic efficiencies were 78.01%, 65.21% and 39.91% respectively. This implies that output can be increased by 21.99% or cost can be reduced by 34.79% with the existing level of technology and resources. Input variables such as land, labor, tractor plow power, chemicals, DAP and Urea fertilizers positively affects production of sorghum. The discrepancy ratio (γ) implied that about 91.91% of the variation in sorghum production was attributed to technical inefficiency effects. Tobit model revealed that age, education, non-farm income, credit, extension service and training positively and significantly affected technical efficiency while age square and total livestock holding had negatively and significantly affected. Additionally, age square, education and frequency of farm visit positively and significantly affected allocative efficiency, while age, non-farm income, credit and extension contact have a negative and significant affect. Economic efficiency was positively and significantly affected by age, education, non-farm income, credit, extension contact and frequencies of farm visit but negatively affected by age square. These indicate that there is a room to increase in production efficiency of sorghum in the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the above mentioned demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors to increase efficiency of sorghum.

scholarly journals Farmers' Willingness to Pay for Bio-slurry Fertilizer in Central Java

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinda Aptika Rachmah ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto ◽  
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Residual Product

Bio-slurry is the residual product of biogas processing waste through the decomposition process without oxygen (anaerobic). Bio-slurry can be used as organic fertilizer for agricultural land. This study aims to: 1) assess the value of willingness to pay (WTP) for bio-slurry fertilizer, 2) find factors affecting farmer’s willingness to pay (WTP) of bio-slurry fertilizer. The research was carried out from January to February 2020 in Central Java. Determination of the location is purposive based on the farmers in Magelang and Demak Regency that have utilized biogas waste to be organic fertilizer and had been commercialized. Primary data were obtained from 80 farmers using purposive sampling, with the aid of questionnaire. Data analysis using contingent value method (CVM) to evaluate the farmer’s willingness to pay and logistic regression to analyze its determinant factors. The result showed that farmer’s willingness to pay (WTP) rate of bio-slurry fertilizer was IDR. 937,5/kg, which was above the market price. The determinant factors are farm income, education, price, and experience using organic fertilizer positively related to farmers’ willingness to pay bio-slurry fertilizer whereas land area negatively related to farmers’ willingness to pay bio-slurry fertilizer. The value of willingness to pay show the opportunity for bio-slurry fertilizer to survive in market by taking into account continuity of production and quality.

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