The Unprincipled Punishment of Repeat Offenders: A Critique of California's Habitual Criminal Statute

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Dirk Dubber
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Offenders ◽  
Criminal Statute ◽  
Habitual Criminal

scholarly journals Cryptography for #MeToo

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-429
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kuykendall ◽  
Hugo Krawczyk ◽  
Tal Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Protocol Design ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Repeat Offenders ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Software Libraries ◽  
Security Guarantees ◽  
Cryptographic Techniques ◽  
False Accusations

Abstract Reporting sexual assault and harassment is an important and difficult problem. Since late 2017, it has received increased attention as the viral #MeToo movement has brought about accusations against high-profile individuals and a wider discussion around the prevalence of sexual violence. Addressing occurrences of sexual assault requires a system to record and process accusations. It is natural to ask what security guarantees are necessary and achievable in such a system. In particular, we focus on detecting repeat offenders: only when a set number of accusations are lodged against the same party will the accusations be revealed to a legal counselor. Previous solutions to this privacy-preserving reporting problem, such as the Callisto Protocol of Rajan et al., have focused on the confidentiality of accusers. This paper proposes a stronger security model that ensures the confidentiality of the accuser and the accused as well as the traceability of false accusations. We propose the WhoToo protocol to achieve this notion of security using suitable cryptographic techniques. The protocol design emphasizes practicality, preferring fast operations that are implemented in existing software libraries. We estimate that an implementation would be suitably performant for real-world deployment.

Risk Taking and Aggression On and Off the Field: Evidence from the National Football League

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Ge
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Repeat Offenders ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Career Span ◽  
Career Performance ◽  
Detailed Record

Abstract We study the behavioral link between NFL players’ off-field misconduct and their on-field infractions by matching a comprehensive dataset of players’ off-field arrests with detailed record of on-field penalty calls. Results from Poisson regressions indicate that players with arrest record are likewise observed to have significantly higher tendencies for aggression-related penalties, implying their inherent preferences toward risks or aggression. Such association is particularly salient among repeat offenders. We also find that repeat offenders boast stronger overall career performance and longer career span compared to non-offenders and one-time offenders, suggesting that the related behavioral traits can be instrumental to job performance in professional football.

Good or Bad: CMS Flagging is Associated with Fewer Transplants Performed by Repeat Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. S188
Author(s):  
J.P. Beller ◽  
R.B. Hawkins ◽  
J.H. Mehaffey ◽  
W.Z. Chancellor ◽  
R. Teaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Offenders
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