Flora of the Russian Arctic: A Critical Review of the Vascular Plants Occurring in the Arctic Region of the Former Soviet Union. Vol. 1. Polypodiaceae--Gramineae

Taxon ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Rudolf Schmid ◽  
A. I. Tolmachev ◽  
J. G. Packer ◽  
G. C. D. Griffiths ◽  
O. V. Rebristaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Region

scholarly journals Mobilisation of distributional data for vascular plants of Murmansk Region, Russia: Digital representation of the Flora of Murmansk Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Kozhin ◽  
Sampsa Lommi ◽  
Alexander Sennikov
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Digital Representation ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Fair Representation ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
The Arctic Region

The present-day demand for digital availability of distributional data in biodiversity studies requires a special effort in assembling and editing the data otherwise scattered in paper literature and herbarium collections, which can be poorly accessible or little understood to present-day users and especially automatic data processors. Although the vascular plants of Murmansk Region (northern part of European Russia) are well studied and represented in publications, the accessibility of this knowledge is highly insufficient. The most widely known source is the Flora of Murmansk Region (published in 1953–1966), which remains in use because of its high original quality, detailed elaboration and completeness. We consider digitising this source to be of primary importance in biodiversity studies in the Arctic Region because of its point occurrence maps, which were based on the comprehensive inventory of contemporary herbarium collections. We have compiled a dataset based on 554 printed point occurrence maps of species distributions published in the Flora of Murmansk Region, which includes 25,555 records of georeferenced plant occurrences that belong to 1,073 species and 5 hybrids. The occurrences are ultimately based on herbarium specimens kept at KPABG and LE, which were collected during 1837–1965. We estimate that these specimens represent ca. 60% of the current global herbarium holdings originated from Murmansk Region; this means that the dataset gives a fair representation of the regional flora.

scholarly journals List of Korean Names for the Vascular Plants in Spitsbergen Island, in the Arctic Region

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoo Lee ◽  
Dong-Uk Han ◽  
Jin-Oh Hyun ◽  
Young-Sim Hwang ◽  
Yoo-Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Region

scholarly journals Mapping of hydrocarbons pipeline transportation in the Arctic Region of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Mikhail Gubanov ◽  
Tatiana Nokelaynen ◽  
Ilia Rilskiy
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Gas Network ◽  
Delivery Routes ◽  
The Arctic Region

Pipeline transport plays a key role in the infrastructure of the oil and gas complex in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. It is the most efficient type of hydrocarbon transportation and currently dominates in terms of freight traffic in the Russian Arctic. Among the shortcomings of this type of transport, one can single out a very high cost of investment in construction, as well as the threat of damage to the nature of the region. An alternative option for transporting hydrocarbons produced in the Arctic region of Russia is the export of oil, liquefied gas and gas condensate by sea tankers. To solve a number of problems that have arisen during the exploitation of the Arctic hydrocarbon resources, spatial analysis and an integrated cartographic assessment of the current transport situation are necessary. As a result of the research, a series of thematic maps of the transport infrastructure of the oil and gas complex of the Russian Arctic was created (scale 1 : 20 000 000). An integrated mapping method has been implemented that takes into account the environmental, technological, transport and economic characteristics of pipeline transport. Assessment and forecast indicators were developed. Thematic content includes: resource potential of the industry; centers for the extraction, storage and processing of oil and gas; network of trunk pipelines with classification according to the number of branches and the diameter of the pipes; existing and potential hydrocarbons delivery routes; the degree of impact of hazardous natural processes and phenomena on the components of the oil and gas complex. The developed maps make it possible to objectively assess the state of the pipeline transport of hydrocarbons in the Arctic region of Russia and can serve as an essential part of the system for making responsible decisions on modernizing the infrastructure of the oil and gas complex to ensure sustainable development and safe operation.

scholarly journals Geopolitical Risks of Hydrocarbon Development in the Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
Olga P. TRUBITSINA ◽  
◽  
Vladimir N. BASHKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Geopolitical Risks ◽  
The Arctic Region ◽  
Hydrocarbon Development

The article is devoted to the issues of geopolitical risks (GPR) in the hydrocarbon development of the Russian Arctic. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of modern geopolitical and geostrategic challenges of the Arctic region development. The article identifies the key geopolitical factors that affect the sustainable development of the Arctic and analyzes the similarities and differences in the geostrategic positions of the Arctic Five. One of the most important factors of the XXI century that determines the alignment and interaction of various geopolitical forces is the struggle for resources. In this regard, an increase in GPR in the Arctic, related to its resource potential, is inevitable. For oil and gas industry facilities, GPR can be transformed into opposite environmental factors in the form of additional opportunities or threats, which the authors identify in detail for each type of risk. The authors focus on such positions of the GPR, which are related to ensuring access and obtaining control rights over the Arctic's hydrocarbon resources from different countries, the uncertainty of the legal status of the Arctic region, and the use of geoecological risks (GER) as manipulative priorities of attention to Russia's actions in the Arctic.

scholarly journals Geologic and geophysical exploration of the Russian Arctic in search for new oil and gas regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-396
Author(s):  
A. L. Kharitonov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Regional Study ◽  
Central Type ◽  
The Arctic Region

Many specialists who studied Russian Arctic and subarctic regions consider that the latter should be rich in various minerals, for example, gold, tin, coal, kimberlites and, especially in oil and gas. The purpose of the article is to show the potential of regional geological and geophysical (remote sensing) methods for the study of tectonic and morphological features of the structure of the Arctic region subsoil allowing to conduct a regional study of potential resources of oil and gas in the Arctic shelf areas as well as in the mountainous or swampy Subarctic regions of Eastern Siberia inaccessible for other exploration methods (for example, seismic surveying). This article presents the results of the conducted scientific work, which together with other geological and geophysical methods will make it possible to carry out better aerospace studies of the tectonic structure of the Arctic region. In particular, the article introduces a block diagram of a computer software package for mathematical processing and the geological and geophysical interpretation of remote sensing data obtained as a result of measurements over the Arctic and Subarctic regions. The findings obtained on morphological (concentric) structures of the central type formed as a result of the occurrence of paleo-mantle plumes are compared with independent data on geological and geophysical sections of the earth's crust constructed in the zones where these structures are located. The obtained data on the oil and gas potential of some regions of the Arctic and Subarctic are compared with the results of forecasts made by other researchers and organizations.

scholarly journals Creative industries in the Arctic: a review of Russian scientific literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4-2021) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Artur S. Krasil'nikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Creative Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article reviews the points of view of Russian researchers on the development of creative industries in the Arctic. The main issues that are considered by domestic authors in the works on the development of creative industries in the Russian Arctic are identified, the opinions of the authors on the potential and problems of the development of the Arctic creative industries in the Russian Federation are analyzed. It is concluded that the works of Russian researchers mainly consider such issues as the essence of the concept of "creative industries", the relevance of the development of Arctic entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation, the prospects for the development of creative industries in the Arctic regions of Russia, the level of development of creative industries as a measure of economic development, potential of creative practice in the Arctic region, issues of forming an active creative class, the attractiveness of the Arctic region for the development of creative industries and key problems of the development of creative industries in the Russian Arctic. According to most authors, the main task of the creative industries in the Russian Arctic is to ensure the dynamic development of small businesses in this macroregion. The potential of creative practice in the Arctic region, from the point of view of domestic authors, lies in the development of tourism and social innovation, as well as in the preservation and reproduction of the national culture of the indigenous peoples of the North and the Arctic. The formation of an active creative class in the region is difficult due to the impact of such factors as the mono-sectoral nature of local economies, a high concentration of capital in the field of environmen.

scholarly journals Technological Windows of Opportunity for Russian Arctic Regions: Modeling and Exploitation Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Vera P. Samarina ◽  
Tatiana P. Skufina ◽  
Diana Yu. Savon ◽  
Svetlana S. Kudryavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
The Arctic Region

The problems of exploitation of technological windows of opportunity are of particular scientific and practical interest in terms of the development of Russia’s national economy, and the Arctic region, which has a strong mineral and raw materials potential, is important in terms of its use for achieving the technological and national security of the Russian state. Considering this, the study of the theoretical and methodical aspects of the development of emerging technological windows of opportunity is important and relevant for the regions of the Russian Arctic zone. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential and reserves for exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity during the deployment of a new technological order by mobilizing material and human capital in the Arctic regions. Methodological tools for the study of this problem included dynamic series analysis, structural analysis, comparison, description, descriptive statistics, cross-correlation analysis, production function model and its visualization. An analytical review of scientific publications, a set of tools and methods of research, allowed to obtain the following scientific results: A significant variability in the contribution of science-intensive and high-tech industry to the formation of gross value added in the Arctic region has been revealed; meanwhile, we can note stable dynamics of the contribution of the Arctic economy to the gross domestic product (GRP) of Russia as a whole. There is a steady excess of the productivity index over the Russian average, which can be regarded as a potential for growth of high-tech components of labor in the development of the economy of the Arctic region. There is a negative statistically significant relationship between the share of the gross regional product of the Arctic in the Russian GRP and the share of gross value added (GVA) of science-intensive products in the Arctic GRP, which can be regarded as a factor preventing the exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity. The construction of a model of production function of technological windows of opportunities for the Arctic zone of Russia pointed to the presence of potential in the exploitation of emerging technological windows in the Arctic zone of Russia in the development of human capital through the activation and use of high labor productivity, creating high-performance jobs. The results of the study, its findings and its proposals can be used in the development, monitoring and implementation of state federal and regional programs and projects aimed at improving the level of technology and science intensity of production in the Arctic zone, improving its competitiveness, which is highly important for the national economy.

scholarly journals Russian Arctic Sector Boundaries: The International Issues of Legal Regime in the Arctic Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Sofiya Shvelidze
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Arctic Region

Abstract Research purpose. The regime of maritime spaces as a general rule ‘is determined by the principles and norms of international law relating to the oceans and enshrined in the Geneva Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1958 and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982(UNCLOS). However, the issue is that UNCLOS practically does not fix any special regime on the Arctic, bearing in mind that the use of the Arctic spaces is rather effectively regulated at the national levels. Arctic issues in this regard lacked in-depth analysis, and no attempts to develop specific norms and approaches with regard to the Arctic region were made, with the exception of Article 234 of UNCLOS, which is related to the right of the coastal States to ‘regulate navigation’ in its Exclusive Economic Zones. The purpose of the current research is to analyse how far a State may go in the process of establishment of the laws and regulations while exercising the right granted by Article 234, with the particular focus made on the position taken by the Russian Federation. Design / Methodology / Approach. In order to achieve the aims of the research, a descriptive method was chosen as the method for clarification on the legal regime currently applicable in the Russian Arctic Sector, in particular supported by the dogmatic method, in order to understand and explain the position taken by the legislative bodies. Findings. The result of the research is the attempts to satisfy how having interests and stakes in the region of high overall salience contributes to prioritization by Russian Federation of its rights over the region by restrictions imposed on the navigational freedoms granted to the States by UNCLOS. Additionally, suggestions are made in respect of the possible solutions necessary in order to strike a balance between national interests of the Arctic States and rights of others States to access the area without causing any harm to the environment and security of the region.

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