!Kung Bushman Bands

Africa ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIn this paper I describe the band organization of the !Kung Bushmen. The !Kung word n//a besi was translated by the interpreters as ‘people who live together’. I use the word band for n//a besi, meaning by band, in this connexion, the grouping in !Kung social organization which is above the family grouping. It is a grouping precisely of the people who live together.

The Family, Household, and Minor Lineage of the Konkomba

Africa ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-249
Author(s):  
David Tait
Keyword(s):  
Extended Family ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Total Group ◽  
Family Household ◽  
The People ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Family ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Family And Household ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThis paper first seeks to show how far the actual forms of the Konkomba family and household coincide with their forms as conceived by the people themselves. The second part (which will appear in a later number of this journal) analyses some of the functions of these units of organization. By function, I mean the relation of the household to certain aspects of Konkomba life: namely, the household as a unit of production and consumption, as a unit of social control, as a ritual unit, and so on. The term ‘household’ refers to the total group of persons living together in one compound (letʃeni), which is a cluster of round houses distributed about a central space and linked by a low wall (see Fig. I). The head of a household (letʃendaa) is the senior man, the husband and the father of the family that is the nucleus of the household. This may be an elementary or a polygynous family; or it may be an expanded family consisting of a number of brothers and their wives, sons, and unmarried daughters; or it may be an extended family, consisting of a man, his wives, their sons, sons' wives and children, and their unmarried daughters. To this nucleus other kin are added and it will be shown that these additional members are always either members of the minor lineage group of the household head or wives or widows of members.

Nine Problems (and Even More Solutions) for Powers Accounts of Possibility

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Pawl
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Short Call

One way of putting powers to work is to use them to ground (at least some) modal truths. One might hold that truths of possibility are true because of the powers of objects. For instance, that it is possible that one more person be in this room is true because of the ambulatory powers of the people in the adjoining rooms. That it is possible that Slow Steve run a fifteen-minute mile is true because of the locomotive powers that Steve has (perhaps along with other powers, such as his respiratory powers). Call the family of stronger or weaker views which hold that possibility claims are true because of powers the ‘Powers Accounts of Possibility,’ or ‘Powers Accounts’ for short. Call a proponent of a Powers Account a ‘Powers Accountant.’ In this paper I present nine objections to Powers Accounts of Possibility and show how a Powers Accountant can respond to them. I begin by providing an exceedingly strong Powers Account and offering three objections to it. The objections will prove useful for forming a more moderate Powers Account. I then subject the more moderate Powers Account to six further objections. In the end, I vindicate a Powers Account of Possibility against all nine objections.

scholarly journals Family planning program under low fertility: where to go

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baochang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Population Control ◽  
First Century ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family

AbstractThis commentary is intended to take China as a case to discuss the mission of the family planning program under low fertility scenario. After a brief review of the initiation of family planning program in the 1970s, as well as the reorientation of family planning program since ICPD in 1994, it will focus on the new mission for the family planning program under low fertility scenario in the twenty-first century, in particular concerning the issue of induced abortion among the others. Given the enormous evidence of unmet needs in reproductive health as identified in the discussion, it is argued that family planning programmes are in fact even more needed than ever before under low-fertility scenario, and should not be abandoned but strengthened, which clearly has nothing to do to call back to the program for population control in the 1970s–1980s, and nor even go back to the program for “two reorientations” in the 1990s, but to aim to serving the people to fulfill their reproductive health and reproductive rights in light of ICPD and SDGs, and to become truly integral component of “Healthy China 2030” Strategy.

African Traditional Religion and Trans-Saharan Migration from Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Seth Tweneboah ◽  
Edmond Akwasi Agyeman
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
East Region ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Youth Migration ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
African Traditional Religion

Abstract This paper interrogates an unexamined component of the religion-migration nexus in Ghana. Using African Traditional Religion as a case in point, the paper examines the function shrines play in sustaining youth migration to Libya and across the Mediterranean to Europe. The paper relies on interviews and fieldtrips to migrant sending communities in the Nkoranza area of the Bono East region of central Ghana. The paper gives an account of the daily realities of prospective migrants, returnees and their families. Among other key findings, it is shown that there is an intricate connection between youth migration, the family system and the deities in sustaining the trans-Saharan migration. This migration, we observe, has become a livelihood strategy, the perpetuation of which reassures the survival of not only the people, but their gods as well.

Using The Doctrine of Determinism to Guide Policy in The Umayyad Caliphate"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariwan Hamarashid ◽  
Abdul Abdalla ◽  
Hama Rashid
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Umayyad Caliphate

All political authorities to strengthen the pillars of their power rely on a set of foundations and principles in order to justify their strength and ability. Likewise, the Umayyads wanted to use various methods, especially if we knew that the Umayyad's opponents were strong in terms of their legitimacy and personality, because they were from the family of the Messenger of God. This is what made the Umayyads to search for legitimacy. One of the techniques they used is the ideas of determinism and political determinism. And the summery of the idea is, that man is a transcendent power and it is God who imposed everything on them, as well as the Umayyad's political and authority rule within that inevitable scope, so the people must accept it, and submit to it, because their authority was derived from God. To impose this idea, the Umayyads benefited from the roots of that idea that is prevalent among Muslims and had many followers who defended it.

scholarly journals SPACE-TIME TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE UPPER XINGU AND UPPER RIO NEGRO

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-724
Author(s):  
Geraldo Andrello ◽  
Antonio Guerreiro ◽  
Stephen Hugh-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Esoteric Knowledge ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Time Transformations

Abstract The multi-ethnic and multilingual complexes of the Upper Rio Negro and the Upper Xingu share common aspects that frequently emerge in ethnographies, including notions of descent, hierarchical social organization and ritual activities, as well as a preference for forms of exogamy and the unequal distribution of productive and ritual specialties and esoteric knowledge. In this article we investigate how the people of both regions conceive of their humanity and that of their neighbours as variations on a shared form, since in both regions ritual processes for negotiating positions and prerogatives seems to take the place of the latent state of warfare typical of the social life of other Amazonian peoples. In this article we will synthesize, for each region, the spatio-temporal processes that underscore the eminently variable constitution of collectivities, seeking, in conclusion, to isolate those elements that the two regions have in common.

scholarly journals POTRET BUDAYA LOKAL MASYARAKAT TANJUNG RAYA, KABUPATEN AGAM - SUMATERA BARAT DI ERA DIGITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-265
Author(s):  
Dwi Rini Sovia Firdaus ◽  
Djuara Lubis ◽  
Endriatmo Soetarto ◽  
Djoko Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Peripheral Part ◽  
The Core ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Family Typologies

The people of West Sumatra, who have been adhering to the Minangkabau matrilineal cultural tradition, are currently experiencing cultural decay. Many studies speculate that the unique Minangkabau culture will not be too much disturbed by the influx of globalization because in essence the only part that will be eroded is the peripheral part, while the core will remain preserved for all time. This study photographed the people of Tanjung Raya District based on existing family typologies, then saw a shift in norms passed on to teenagers using the six Hofstede cultural dimensions. This study surveyed five types of families with calculations using a simple addition operation. The results of the questionnaire were made high and low criteria, then presented in cobweb graphical form. The assessment indicators are based on the six dimensions of Hofstede's culture. Shifting the teachings of exemplary teachings from Minangkabau culture is determined using the ANOVA test. The results of this study are to map the portrait of Minangkabau culture according to Hofstede and a portrait of each of Hofstede's dimensions in each type of family in Tanjung Raya District. From there, it can be seen how far away the approach of the values taught by the family towards Minangkabau culture is approaching.

scholarly journals Family as a Primary Socialization in Preschool Children Upbringing

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
M. Sabirova
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Social Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Primary Socialization

This article examines the role of the family and its features in the process of socialization, also the main forms and functions (informative, mentor function, initiating and orienting function) of the family. Effective mechanisms of family social education of a child were described including the psychological climate of the family and its factors: national traditions, moral values, educational level, etc. Features of children's folklore in education. Methods of accustoming and the totality of the views of the people. The main components of the rural ethnocultural space.

scholarly journals PERGESERAN BENTUK DAN FUNGSI RUMAH JOGLO DI WILAYAH BANYUWANGI

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rois Ainul Umah ◽  
Tian Fitriara Huda ◽  
(Prosiding Seminar Nasional FKIP Univeristas PGRI Banyuwangi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Meeting Room ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Role And Function

Banyuwangi is an area rich in various cultures and customs, this is because Banyuwangi district is inhabited by various ethnic groups. The majority of the sub-districts of Banyuwangi are osing tribe who live in the village of fern and urban village of rejo. Joglo building as one of the traditional Javanese buildings in it contained philosophy that suits the life of the people. The arrangement of the room in Joglo is generally divided into three parts, namely the meeting room called pendopo, the living room or the space used to hold the show called pringgitan, and the back room called dalem or omah jero as the family room. For the people of Banyuwangi especially those who still preserve the joglo house just like the osing tribe have begun to experience the shifting of its role and function where in this case joglo house serve as additional need for home decoration, private residence of the citizen, until used as permanent building of cafe and restaurant. From the description above, the researcher felt that the community did not understand the function of the role and shape of the architecture of the Javanese house which has become the culture of the inheritance slowly changed by causing a shift to the cultural values contained within it. The shift in value will sooner or later bring changes to traditional architectural forms, structures and functions.

scholarly journals The Updating in Satir’s Family Therapy Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Neşide Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Perspective Change ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Virginia Satir (1916-1988) is one of the first experts who has worked in the field of family therapy in the United States. In 1951, she was one of the first therapists who has worked all members of the family as a whole in the same session. She has concentrated her studies on issues such as to increase individual's self-esteem and to understand and change other people's perspectives. She has tried to make problematic people compatible in the family and in the society through change. From this perspective, change and adaptation are the two important concepts of her model. This is a state of being and a way to communicate with ourselves and others. High self-confidence and harmony are the first primary indicator of being a more functional human. She starts her studies with identifying the family. She uses two ways to do this; the first one is the chronology of the family that is history of the family, the second one is the communication patterns within the family. With this, she updates the status of the family. Updating is the detection of the current situation. The detection of the situation, in other words updating, constitutes the very essence of the model that she implements. In this study, communication patterns within the family are discussed for the updating, the chronological structure has not been studied. The characteristics of family communication patterns, the model of therapy that is applied by Satir for these patterns and the method which is followed in the model are discussed. According to her detection, the people who face with problems, use one of those four patterns or a combination of them. These communication patterns are Blamer, Sedative/Accepting, distracter/irrelevant and rational. Satir expresses that these four patterns are not solid and unchanging but all of them “can be converted”. For example, if one of the family members is usually using the soothing (sedative/accepting) pattern, in this case, it means that he/she wants to give the message that he/she is not very important in the inner world of the individual itself. However, if such a communication pattern is to be used repeatedly by an individual, he/she must know how to use it. According to Satir, this consciousness may be converted to a conscious gentleness and sensitivity that is automatically followed to please everyone. This study was carried out by using the copy of Satir’s book, which was originally called “The Conjoint Family Therapy” and translated into Turkish by Selim Ali Yeniçeri as “Basic Family Therapy” and published in Istanbul by Beyaz Yayınları in 2016. It is expected that the study will provide support to the education of the students and family therapists.

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