Seriation, Conservation, and Theory of Mind Abilities in Individuals with Autism, Individuals with Mental Retardation, and Normally Developing Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurit Yirmiya ◽  
Cory Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Comprehensibility of Pharmaceutical Pictorials among People with Mental Retardation

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Clayton Silver ◽  
Mitchell G. Basin ◽  
Carey A. Sexton ◽  
Jennifer L. Fabbi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Hazard Communication ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Forensic Implications ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

The present study assessed the comprehensibility of pharmaceutical pictorials that are often seen on prescription medication bottles. A total of 30 individuals with mental retardation living in semi-independent environments were asked to provide responses concerning the pictorial connotation. Results indicated that only three of the 42 pictorials presented were within the acceptable range of the ISO 67% comprehension criterion. These pictorials connoted “take with water”, “do not drink alcohol”, and “poison”. None achieved the ANSI 85% comprehension criterion. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in comprehension between those who were taking the medication with bottles that displayed the corresponding pictorial and those who did not. The forensic implications and relevance concerning hazard communication are discussed.

Pharmacotherapy of aggressive behavior in individuals with mental retardation and mental illness

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Williams ◽  
Cynthia R. Ellis ◽  
Abel Ickowicz ◽  
Nirbhay N. Singh ◽  
Yadhu N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Children With Self-Injurious Behavior

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Hyman ◽  
Wayne Fisher ◽  
Marianne Mercugliano ◽  
Michael F. Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Self-injurious behavior is a serious problem that is not uncommon among individuals with mental retardation. Medical and developmental characteristics of 97 children, adolescents, and young adults (age range 11 months to 21 years, 11 months) assessed and treated for self-injurious behavior in a specialized, interdisciplinary inpatient unit between 1980 and 1988 were reviewed. This population differed from those reported in previous studies in that it was of school age and predominantly community based. Severe or profound mental retardation was present in 82.5% of our patients. The causative diagnoses associated with self-injurious behavior were similar to those of severe mental retardation alone. Associated disabilities represented at greater than expected frequencies included pervasive developmental disorders, visual impairment, and a history of infantile spasms. Most patients (81.4%) engaged in more than one type of self-injurious behavior. The most common topographies were head banging, biting, head hitting, body hitting, and scratching. Physical injury was documented in 77% of cases; the injuries most frequently reported were excoriations, scars/callus formation, hematomas, and local infection. As community placement of handicapped individuals continues to increase, pediatricians will be called upon to monitor patients who engage in self-injurious behavior.

The Efficacy of Antidepressant Medication for Individuals With Mental Retardation

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin J Mikkelsen ◽  
Lawrence G Albert ◽  
Margaret Emens ◽  
Ellen Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

SEVTC Assessment Scales for Community Integration: Development and Validation of the Post-Entry Scales

AAESPH Review ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
H. Kenton Reavis ◽  
Karin Hamel ◽  
James G. Morrey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Community Programs ◽  
Institutional Placement ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Post Entry ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Assessment Scales ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Currently, there is considerable interest among professionals in the field of mental retardation in developing and expanding community programs as alternatives to institutional placement for individuals with mental retardation. This paper describes the development of a second of a series of three criterion-referenced instruments designed to facilitate community integration of persons with moderate-profound mental retardation. Empirical data demonstrating reliability and validity of the instrument are presented. The results are discussed in terms of a number of assessment-related applications which are of immediate relevance to individuals undergoing training for community integration.

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