Black Grandmothers in Multigenerational Households: Diversity in Family Structure and Parenting Involvement in the Woodlawn Community

1990 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Pearson ◽  
Andrea G. Hunter ◽  
Margaret E. Ensminger ◽  
Sheppard G. Kellam
Author(s):  
Haena Lee ◽  
Lindsay H Ryan ◽  
Mary Beth Ofstedal ◽  
Jacqui Smith

Abstract Objectives Family structure in childhood influences early brain development and cognitive performance in adulthood. Much less is known about its long-term impact on later-life cognitive functioning. We extend the two-generation family structure approach to investigate the potential contribution of living with grandparents in multigenerational households to differences in cognitive functioning at older ages. Methods Data were drawn from 9 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2014) merged with newly collected childhood family history data. Five types of family structure were assessed: two-parent households, two-parent households with grandparents, single-parent households, single-parent households with grandparents, and grandparent-headed households. Growth curve models were used to estimate trajectories of cognitive functioning over time. Results Childhood family structure was significantly associated with level of cognitive functioning, but not to rate of cognitive decline. Relative to those from two-parent households, individuals who grew up in multigenerational households showed higher levels of cognitive functioning, including those living with a single parent and grandparents. Those who lived with a single parent alone were the most disadvantaged. The effects of these multigenerational households persisted net of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic status and health outcomes. Discussion Grandparent coresidence may cultivate a socially enriched home environment, providing resources and protection for early cognitive development that could persist throughout life. Multigenerational living arrangements are likely to increase as the contemporary population ages. More research needs to be done to understand the impact of these living arrangements on future generations’ brain health and cognitive aging.


2018 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Michał Kuzdak

The author discusses the topic of families, especially incomplete. The work is about the disorganization of the family structure, showing its causes and history. The article describes the dangers of modern family and relations on the parentchild line. The author refers to economic emigration as one of the reasons for the loosening of family ties and the cause of incomplete families.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Van Blerk

This study discusses the importance of the belief in the afterlife, sustenance after death, family structure and literature from ancient Egypt and submits that the first signs of the testamentary disposition can be deduced. The belief in the afterlife necessitated sustenance of the deceased by the immediate family complemented by provisions made by the deceased prior to death, effectively laying the foundation of the testamentary disposition in ancient Egypt. One must, however, be careful about conclusions of definite testate and intestate succession law from our sources as these are later terminology. It does, however, appear that the first signs of succession law, in particular the testamentary disposition, is present very early in ancient Egypt.


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