Maternal Holding Preferences: A Consequence of Newborn Head-Turning Response

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey J. Ginsburg ◽  
Sheila Fling ◽  
Marti L. Hope ◽  
Dana Musgrove ◽  
Cherilyn Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Head Turning ◽  
Turning Response

A subpopulation of cerebral B cluster neurones of Aplysia californica is involved in defensive head withdrawal but not appetitive head movements

1989 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
T. Teyke ◽  
K. R. Weiss ◽  
I. Kupfermann
Keyword(s):  
Aplysia Californica ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Turning Response ◽  
Motor Neurones ◽  
Body Wall Muscles ◽  
Intracellular Stimulation ◽  
Withdrawal Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

The cerebral B cluster neurones of Aplysia californica were studied under experimental conditions designed to evoke head movements in a selective fashion: either to approach an appetitive stimulus, or to withdraw from an aversive one. Intracellular recordings indicated the presence of two types of B cluster neurones: Bn cells that had fast (narrow) spikes, and Bb cells that had slow (broad) spikes. Tactile stimulation of the tentacles, rhinophores and lips excited Bn neurones, but inhibited Bb neurones. Intracellular stimulation of Bn cells evoked contractions of body wall muscles. No contractions were observed when Bb cells were fired, indicating that it is unlikely that the Bb neurones are motor neurones. Several lines of evidence indicated that the Bn type neurones are involved in withdrawal responses but not in appetitive head turning. (1) Elimination of the descending axons of the Bn cells by lesioning the cerebropleural connectives (C-Pl connectives) did not affect the head-turning response. This lesion significantly altered the head-withdrawal response by selectively eliminating an initial fast component of the withdrawal movement. (2) In chronic recordings from the C-Pl connective, unit activity was obtained which was correlated with the presentation of an appetitive stimulus rather than with evoked or spontaneous turning movements. A substantial increase in activity also occurred during head withdrawal of the animal. On the basis of these data, we postulate that separate populations of motor neurones are responsible for the aversive withdrawal of the head, and for the directed turning response towards a stimulus.

A man with multiple disabilities using a head-turning response to reduce the effects of his drooling

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio E. Lancioni ◽  
Nirbhay N. Singh ◽  
Mark F. O'Reilly ◽  
Jeff Sigafoos ◽  
Doretta Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Turning Response

scholarly journals Identification of Brain Electrical Activity Related to Head Yaw Rotations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3345
Author(s):  
Enrico Zero ◽  
Chiara Bersani ◽  
Roberto Sacile
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Electrical Stimulus ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity ◽  
Output Function ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Identification Technique ◽  
The Brain

Automatizing the identification of human brain stimuli during head movements could lead towards a significant step forward for human computer interaction (HCI), with important applications for severely impaired people and for robotics. In this paper, a neural network-based identification technique is presented to recognize, by EEG signals, the participant’s head yaw rotations when they are subjected to visual stimulus. The goal is to identify an input-output function between the brain electrical activity and the head movement triggered by switching on/off a light on the participant’s left/right hand side. This identification process is based on “Levenberg–Marquardt” backpropagation algorithm. The results obtained on ten participants, spanning more than two hours of experiments, show the ability of the proposed approach in identifying the brain electrical stimulus associate with head turning. A first analysis is computed to the EEG signals associated to each experiment for each participant. The accuracy of prediction is demonstrated by a significant correlation between training and test trials of the same file, which, in the best case, reaches value r = 0.98 with MSE = 0.02. In a second analysis, the input output function trained on the EEG signals of one participant is tested on the EEG signals by other participants. In this case, the low correlation coefficient values demonstrated that the classifier performances decreases when it is trained and tested on different subjects.

Eye movements differ between ictal ipsilateral and contralateral head turning

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Baysal-Kirac ◽  
Jan Rémi ◽  
Anna Mira Loesch ◽  
Elisabeth Hartl ◽  
Christian Vollmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Head Turning

Constancy of Head Turning Recorded in Healthy Young Humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-436
Author(s):  
Satomi Miyaoka ◽  
Ichiro Ashida ◽  
Yozo Miyaoka ◽  
Yoshiaki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Head Turning

Quantitative studies of the reactions to horizontal angular accelerations in axolotls. I. The head-turning reflexes of normal animals

1977 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
K. Brandle
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Afferent Input ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
Total Angle

1. Artifically metamorphosed axolotls were exposed to both brief (impulse) and long-lasting horizontal angular accelerations on a turn-table. The animals responded with a head-turning reaction. 2. The general course of the reaction to impulse acceleration was independent of stimulus intensity. The velocity of the head movement first increased to a maximum exponentially and then decreased in a negative exponential manner. Stimulus intensity had a linear relationship to the mean maximum velocity and mean total angle covered by head-turning. The average velocity-time curves at various stimulus intensities differed only by a velocity factor. 3. During long-lasting constant accelerations the velocity of the head-turning increased to a maximum velocity in a sigmoid time-course and then decreased, first to a constant velocity, and then further. Mean values of the maximum velocity were correlated linearly with the stimulus intensity. 4. It was concluded that the head-turning reflexes in axolotls do not agree with the accepted movements of the vertebrate cupula and therefore are not a simple ‘copy’ of the afferent input. It is also suggested that the reaction threshold differes from that for the labyrinthine input.

scholarly journals Head Turning-Induced Hypotension in Elderly People

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e72837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Schoon ◽  
Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert ◽  
Sara Rongen ◽  
Joep Lagro ◽  
Bianca Schalk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Induced Hypotension
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