Intellectual and Academic Achievements and Adjustment of Underprivileged Children in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Classrooms

1977 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehudit Arzi ◽  
Yehuda Amir
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Heterogeneous Classrooms

scholarly journals Is There a Motherhood Penalty in Academia? The Gendered Effect of Children on Academic Publications in German Sociology

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lutter ◽  
Martin Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Publication Output ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Motherhood Penalty ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
Successful Women ◽  
German Sociology ◽  
Number Of Publications

Abstract Based on data that tracks curriculum vitae (CV) and publication records as well as survey information from sociologists in German academia, we examine the effects of parenthood on the publication output of male and female academics that were present in German universities or research institutes in the year 2013. Results indicate that having children leads to a significant decline in the number of publications by women on average, while not affecting the number of publications by men. However, the gendered effect of children on productivity hardly mitigates differences in publication output between men and women, as women still publish about 20 per cent less than men after controlling for the adverse effects of children on productivity. The gendered effect of childbearing depends partly on prior levels of women’s academic achievements, suggesting a mechanism of performance-driven self-selection. Lower-performing women tend to suffer a stronger motherhood penalty than better performing women, while the publication output of successful women (who have been granted academic awards) is not reduced through childbirth. The results indicate that women are better at managing the ‘double burden’ of kids and career if external, award-giving committees have bestowed prestige upon them or indicated their potential for a scientific career.

scholarly journals Task Monitoring and Working Memory as Executive Components Predictive of General and Specific Academic Achievements in 6–9-Year-Old Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6681
Author(s):  
Alberto Quílez-Robres ◽  
Nieves Moyano ◽  
Alejandra Cortés-Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Language Arts ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Relationship

Academic achievement has been linked to executive functions. However, it is necessary to clarify the different predictive role that executive functions have on general and specific academic achievement and to determine the most predictive executive factor of this academic achievement. The relationship and predictive role between executive functions and their components (initiative, working memory, task monitoring, organization of materials, flexibility, emotional control, inhibition, self-monitoring) with academic achievement are analyzed in this study, both globally and specifically in the areas of Language Arts and Mathematics, in 133 students from 6 to 9 years of age. The relationship obtained in Pearson’s correlation analysis does not differ substantially between overall achievement (r = 0.392) and specific achievement (r = 0.361, r = 0.361), but task monitoring (r = 0.531, r = 0.455, r = 0.446) and working memory (r = 0.512, r = 0.475, r = 0.505) had a greater relationship with general and specific achievement. Finally, regression analyses based on correlation results indicate that executive functions predict general academic performance (14.7%) and specific performance (12.3%, 12.2%) for Language Arts and Mathematics, respectively. Furthermore, working memory and task supervision represent 32.5% of general academic performance, 25.5% of performance in Language Arts, and 27.1% of performance in Mathematics. In conclusion, this study yielded exploratory data on the possible executive functions (task supervision and working memory) responsible for good general academic achievements and specific academic achievements in Mathematics and Language Arts.

scholarly journals Correlation of Students’ Academic Achievements at a Professional Course of Ethics and Pediatrics Clinical Practice at Mizan-Tepi University, South Nations, Nationalities and People’s Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110037
Author(s):  
Lalisa Chewaka Gamtessa
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Clinical Nursing

Nursing is a respect for dignity and treating every person equally. Qualifying competent and ethical nurses requires the incorporation of a professional code of ethics with clinical nursing practice. However, no study was conducted on the relationship between professional ethics and clinical nursing practice. Therefore this study aimed to determine correlation between professional ethics and pediatrics clinical practice from an achievement perspective. Accordingly, cross-sectional study design was conducted at Mizan-Tepi University using nursing students’ academic achievements at professional ethics and pediatric practice. Collected data were entered into Epi info 7. SPSS version 21.0 was used to calculate spearman’s rho correlation ( rs) and coefficient of determination ( R2) at P  < .05. A total of 316 study participants comprising of 209 (66.14%) male and 107 (33.86%) female nursing students included in the current study. Nursing students’ academic achievements at professional ethics was significantly and positively associated with achievements at pediatrics clinical practice ( rs  = 0.4-0.6), P < .001. Linear regression results revealed 25% to 26.7% coefficient determination for regular students and 18% to 22.9% for summer nursing students. To sum up, there was a significant positive association between achievements of students at professional ethics and pediatrics clinical practice. Therefore increasing students’ academic achievement in professional ethics can further improve their achievements at pediatrics clinical practice. However, academic achievement in professional ethics explained 22.35% of the variability in achievements at pediatric clinical practice. 77.65% of the variability in pediatrics clinical practice was due to other factors that deserve another study.

scholarly journals Remote learning among students with and without reading difficulties during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Zawadka ◽  
Aneta Miękisz ◽  
Iwona Nowakowska ◽  
Joanna Plewko ◽  
Magdalena Kochańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Remote Learning

AbstractThis article presents the results of a survey on yet under-researched aspects of remote learning and learning difficulties in higher education during the initial stage (March – June 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2182 students from University of Warsaw in Poland completed a two-part questionnaire regarding academic achievements in the academic year 2019/2020, living conditions and stress related to learning and pandemic, as well as basic demographic information, and Dyslexia Diagnosis Questionnaire (DDQ). The analyses were carried out in three sub-groups of students: who self-reported having a formal diagnosis of dyslexia (CDYS), self-reported reading difficulties, but had no formal diagnosis of dyslexia (SIDYS), and who reported no reading difficulties (CON). The results of the survey revealed that compared with the CON group, more students from CDYS and SIDYS groups did not pass at least one exam in the summer semester. CDYS and SIDYS groups experienced higher stress due to epidemiological restrictions, they had more difficulties than CON with the organisation of learning and obtaining credit during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicate a need for special consideration of additional support for students experiencing reading difficulties (whether or not they have a formal diagnosis).

The relationship between extracurricular music activity participation and music and Chinese language academic achievements of primary school students in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110276
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Wen Yuan ◽  
C Victor Fung ◽  
Fumei Chen ◽  
Yanfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we explored the relationship between extracurricular (formal and informal) music activity participation and music and Chinese language academic achievements of primary school students in China. Fourth graders ( N = 10,958) reported their demographic information and extracurricular music activity participation, and completed two standardized academic achievement tests, one on music and another on the Chinese language. Results showed that students’ music activity participation was related to higher music academic achievement after controlling for gender, school location, and family socioeconomic status. The effect of students’ informal music activity participation on their music academic achievements was greater than that of students’ formal music activity participation. Remarkably, students’ informal music activity participation was also positively related to their Chinese language academic achievement, while formal music activity participation showed a negative correlation with academic achievement in Chinese language. Findings contributed to an increased understanding of the influence of different kinds of extracurricular music activities on students’ academic developments.

scholarly journals Effects of childhood-onset SLE on academic achievements and employment in adult life

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.191004
Author(s):  
Noortje Groot ◽  
Anne Kardolus ◽  
Marc Bijl ◽  
Radboud Dolhain ◽  
Onno Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Study Visit ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Almost All

Objective Long-term outcome data in adults with childhood-onset SLE are limited. Here, we report the effects of cSLE on education, vocation and employment in a large cohort of adults with cSLE. Methods Patients were seen for a single study visit containing a structured history and physical examination. Medical records were retrieved to supplement information obtained during the study visit. Education and employment status were assessed by questionnaires. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured with the SF36. Results 106 cSLE patients (93% female, 73% white), with a median disease duration of 20 years, completed the visit and questionnaires. Almost all patients stated that cSLE had influenced their education, but level of completed education was similar to the general Dutch population. Half of the patients had adjusted their vocational choice due to the disease. Still, 44% of patients who had finished education did not have a paid job. Of the employed patients, 61% worked part-time. Disease damage was equally prevalent in patients with and without paid employment. A high percentage of patients (51%) were declared work disabled, which was related to damage. Patients who did not have paid employment were often work disabled. Both had a negative influence on HRQOL. Conclusion The effect of cSLE on academic achievements and employment is substantial, despite adjusting educational and vocational choices to the disease. Ongoing support, not only to help patients find suitable education and vocation, but also to offer guidance regarding potential adjustments during their career, is necessary to optimise participation in the community.

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