Implied Contracts in Assumption of Risk

1905 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Keyword(s):  
Implied Contracts

scholarly journals Durable Rural Development Through the 2014 - 2020 National Rural Development Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lucian
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
Implied Contracts ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Village

AbstractRural Development Policy is a priority for the E.U., as half of the Union’s population lives in rural areas. This policy is focused on society’s durable development, under all its aspects: economic, social, cultural, and so on. The challenges which rural areas of member states face must be addressed, while at the same time applying European norms and standards for rural development. After Romania became a part of the E.U., rural areas here were supported through several national rural development programs, so as to create a durable and sustainable rural economy. Major changes are required to achieve this kind of development, such as replacing old agricultural structures, modernizing the village, while at the same time maintaining cultural and local identity. Rural areas in Romania are often affected by natural disasters. During the last 17 years, national rural development programs implied contracts worth billions of Euros. For instance, through the 2020 NRDP, a budget of 9.5 billion Euros was allocated, 8.1 billion Euros coming from E.U. funding and 1.34 billion Euros as national cofinancing. At the moment, Romania’s absorption degree for the 2020 NRDP is of 20% and is expected to surpass 50% by 2020. Another regional program includes the concept of Spatial Development - Romania - 2025. Spatial planning supports the avoidance of rural dispersion. The betterment of infrastructure is supported, such as access roads, expanding base utilities, consolidated works to prevent flooding or landslides, and so on.

Casinos, Card Counters and Implied Contracts

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Craig K. Lehman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Implied Contracts

Consultants and implied contracts

JAMA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 226 (12) ◽  
pp. 1497-1498
Author(s):  
A. R. Holder
Keyword(s):  
Implied Contracts

When promises become contracts: Implied contracts and handbook provisions on job security

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judi McLean Parks ◽  
Deborah A. Schmedemann
Keyword(s):  
Job Security ◽  
Implied Contracts

Institut Pasteur v. United States: The, AIDS Patent Dispute, the Contract Disputes Act and the International Exchange of Scientific Data

1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-459
Author(s):  
Howard L. Singer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Aids Virus ◽  
Implied Contracts

In the case of Institut Pasteur v. United States, the Institut Pasteur (Pasteur) claimed that the National Cancer Institute (NCI) had breached express and implied contracts to share research on AIDS virus samples provided to NCI by Pasteur. NCI scientists allegedly used the samples to acquire information which allowed NCI to file patent applications for an AIDS blood test kit.The United States Claims Court dismissed the complaint by holding that the Institut Pasteur had not complied with certain administrative procedures required by the Contract Disputes Act before bringing its suit. The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit reversed the decision of the Claims Court by holding that the disputed contracts did not fit within the scope of the Contract Disputes Act.Soon after the Court of Appeals decision, President Reagan and Prime, Minister Chirac announced a settlement agreement whereby the lawsuit was to be dropped, American and French scientists were to share credit for having discovered the AIDS virus, and both parties to the suit were to share the patent rights for the AIDS blood test kit. This settlement suggests that international legal disputes involving urgent scientific and medical matters may require dispute resolution techniques that serve as alternatives to national courts.

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