La intervención del Estado en la economía y en la sociedad en México: Sus orígenes y desarrollo. Una propuesta de interpretación

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-68
Author(s):  
María del Refugio González
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Active State ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Economic Inequalities

The article examines the nature of the "active state" by exploring its historical evolution. The role of the state in contemporary Mexico cannot be understood without taking into account the nature and role of the crown during the colonial era. Indeed, after the failure of liberalism in the nineteenth century, post Revolutionary Mexican political leaders resorted to traditional institutions, but gave them modern appearances, to resolve the socio-economic inequalities of the country.

scholarly journals INDIAN RIVERS, ‘PRODUCTIVE WORKS’, AND THE EMERGENCE OF LARGE DAMS IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY MADRAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
ADITYA RAMESH
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Large Dams ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
Indian Rivers

Abstract The nineteenth century witnessed a major expansion in the construction of public works including canals, roads, and railways across the British empire. The question that colonial governments faced during the nineteenth century was on how to finance public works. Focusing specifically on irrigation works and the rivers of southern India, this article shows how different experiments were attempted, including raising capital and labour from local communities as well as corporate investment in irrigation works through London capital markets. The article argues that by the latter part of the nineteenth century, a definitive answer had emerged, i.e. irrigation projects on rivers would be financed through state debt. An enormous body of scholarship in Britain and India debated the relationship between public works and public debt. This article rethinks this scholarship as a technological and environmental history. The article argues that colonial modes of raising capital were dependent on speculating on Indian rivers. Historiography wise, in contrast to scholarship which takes for granted the role of the state in building large dams, it suggests that the emergence of the state as the builder of large dams was part of a more fundamental relationship between rivers, technology, and colonial capital that emerged in the nineteenth century.

The Economy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Economy ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter falls into two unequal parts. The first charts, broadly chronologically, the shifting understandings, historical and historiographical, of the role of the state in economic life. The second focuses on debates about the performance of the economy, especially notions of ‘decline’ which have been central to those debates since the late nineteenth century. Variegated but overlapping senses of ‘decline’, originating in very specific historical circumstances, have overshadowed much writing on the modern British economy, with, it will be argued, often detrimental effects on our understanding. Such notions need to be historicized—placed firmly in the intellectual, ideological, and above all political contexts within which they arose.

2. Politics and the State

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Robert Garner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Right ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Empirical Typology ◽  
Distribution Of Power

This chapter explains why the state and sovereignty are relevant to the study of politics. It first provides an empirical typology of the state, ranging from the minimalist night-watchman state, approximated to by nineteenth-century capitalist regimes at one end of the spectrum, to the totalitarian state of the twentieth century at the other. It then examines the distribution of power in the state by focusing on three major theories of the state: pluralism, elitism, Marxism, as well as New Right theory. The chapter seeks to demonstrate that the theories of the state identified can also be critiqued normatively, so that pluralism, for instance, can be challenged for its divisive character, as exemplified by identity politics. It then goes on to review different views about what the role of the state ought to be, from the minimalist state recommended by adherents of classical liberalism, to the pursuit of distinctive social objectives as recommended, in particular, by proponents of communitarianism. Finally, it discusses empirical and normative challenges to the state and asks whether the state’s days are numbered.

The State: A Research Agenda

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1191-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dear
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Capitalist State

This essay is intended as an informal introduction to the papers and commentaries on the state contained in this special issue of Environmental and Planning A. It is presented in the form of a research agenda, which itself may provoke further debate on the role of the state in sociospatial processes. Two main themes are identified. The first concerns the form of the capitalist state and its historical evolution. The second addresses the functions of the state apparatus.

scholarly journals JULES DUPUIT AND THE RAILROADS: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE STATE?

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Poinsot
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
State Management ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Good For ◽  
The One

The emergence of railroads in France in the nineteenth century raised new debates on analytical issues. The issue lies in the fact that they are natural monopolies. In this paper, I focus on Jules Dupuit’s work on the operations of the railroads. Curiously, he seemed to have defended two contrasting positions: on the one hand, he claimed that unlimited competition is the most efficient way to operate in the railroads; on the other, he stated that State management was the best way to run them. I aim to restore the consistency of Dupuit’s positions. I show that, for him, unlimited competition is not possible in the railroads and that it is not necessarily good for the welfare of society. Therefore, the State should regulate this sector. Then, I specify the conditions under which Dupuit believed the State should manage the railroads instead of offering concessions to private companies.

Welfare and the State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Thane
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
British State

The chapter examines development and change in the welfare role of the British state and the main influences upon it in the context of changing social, economic, and political conditions. It explores the Poor Law and its reform in the early nineteenth century and challenges to it later in the century; the growing role of the state in such fields as education, public health, and labour conditions through the nineteenth century; its more rapid growth through the twentieth century; and finally the challenges to state welfare from the 1980s. Throughout, the shifting but always significant relationship between the state and the voluntary sector in provision for welfare is described and discussed.

Rethinking the Role of the State in Employment Relations for a Neoliberal Era

ILR Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 001979392090466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Howell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Active State ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Theory Framework

Over the past 30 years, state intervention to reshape employment relations has become a generalized feature of contemporary capitalism. A broad neoliberal reconstruction of the market order has gone hand in hand with a more active state. In this article the author argues that liberalization in the sphere of employment relations could not have taken place without a more active state. Building on a regulation theory framework and an elaboration of the concept of neoliberalism as the regulatory infrastructure of emergent growth models, the author examines how the widespread shift from wage-led growth to other forms of growth across the advanced capitalist world has encouraged changes in the role of the state in the regulation of employment relations. These roles include market making, individual employment regulation in place of collective regulation, state-directed social pacts, and redrawing the boundaries between work and non-work. The article concludes with an explanation for continuing variations in employment relations.

1. Politics and the State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Garner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Right ◽  
Classical Liberalism ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Empirical Typology ◽  
Distribution Of Power

This chapter explains why the state and sovereignty are relevant to the study of politics. It first provides an empirical typology of the state, ranging from the minimalist night-watchman state, approximated to by nineteenth-century capitalist regimes at one end of the spectrum, to the totalitarian state of the twentieth century at the other. It then examines the distribution of power in the state by focusing on three major theories of the state: pluralism, elitism, Marxism, and the New Right theory. It also considers different views about what the role of the state ought to be, from the minimalist state recommended by adherents of classical liberalism, to the pursuit of distinctive social objectives as recommended, in particular, by proponents of communitarianism. Finally, it discusses empirical and normative challenges to the state and asks whether the state's days are numbered.

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